scholarly journals Ethical principles for the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in nuclear medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Currie ◽  
K Elizabeth Hawk ◽  
Eric M. Rohren
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Ethical Principles

scholarly journals RECOMIA—a cloud-based platform for artificial intelligence research in nuclear medicine and radiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Trägårdh ◽  
Pablo Borrelli ◽  
Reza Kaboteh ◽  
Tony Gillberg ◽  
Johannes Ulén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Research

The Frame Problem in Ethics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 53-73
Author(s):  
Sebastian Gałecki
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Practical Reasoning ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Frame Problem ◽  
Classical Philosophy ◽  
The Frame Problem ◽  
The Invisible

Although the “frame problem” in philosophy has been raised in the context of the artificial intelligence, it is only an exemplification of broader problem. It seems that contemporary ethical debates are not so much about conclusions, decisions, norms, but rather about what we might call a “frame”. Metaethics has always been the bridge between purely ethical principles (“this is good and it should be done”, “this is wrong and it should be avoided”) and broader (ontological, epistemic, anthropological etc.) assumptions. One of the most interesting meta-ethical debates concerns the “frame problem”: whether the ethical frame is objective and self-evident, or is it objective but not self-evident? In classical philosophy, this problem takes the form of a debate on the first principles: nonprovable but necessary starting points for any practical reasoning. They constitute the invisible but essential frame of every moral judgment, decision and action. The role of philosophy is not only to expose these principles, but also to understand the nature of the moral frame.

scholarly journals Medical Physics Contributes to The Advancement in Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kwan Hoong Ng ◽  
Jeannie Hsiu Ding Wong ◽  
Chai Hong Yeong ◽  
Hafiz Mohd Zin ◽  
Noriah Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Big Data ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Medical Physics ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical Physicists ◽  
Medicine Today ◽  
Improve Health

Medical physics is the application of physics principles and techniques in medicine. Medical physicists are actively applying their knowledge and skills in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases to improve health via research and clinical practice. In this paper, we present the roles of medical physicists in the three primary fields, namely, diagnostic imaging, radiotherapy and nuclear medicine.  Medical physicists have been playing a crucial role in the advancement of new technologies that have revolutionised medicine today. This includes the continuous development of medical imaging and radiotherapy techniques since the discovery of X-ray and radioactivity. The last decade has seen tremendous development in the field that allows for better diagnosis and targeted treatment of various diseases. In the era of big data and artificial intelligence, while medical physicists continue to ensure that the application of the technologies in medicine is optimal and safe, it is paramount for the profession to evolve and be equipped with new skills to continue to contribute to the advancement of medicine.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keng Siau ◽  
Weiyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Machine Ethics ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
Self Driving Cars

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology has achieved many great things, such as facial recognition, medical diagnosis, and self-driving cars. AI promises enormous benefits for economic growth, social development, as well as human well-being and safety improvement. However, the low-level of explainability, data biases, data security, data privacy, and ethical problems of AI-based technology pose significant risks for users, developers, humanity, and societies. As AI advances, one critical issue is how to address the ethical and moral challenges associated with AI. Even though the concept of “machine ethics” was proposed around 2006, AI ethics is still in the infancy stage. AI ethics is the field related to the study of ethical issues in AI. To address AI ethics, one needs to consider the ethics of AI and how to build ethical AI. Ethics of AI studies the ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that are related to AI. Ethical AI is an AI that performs and behaves ethically. One must recognize and understand the potential ethical and moral issues that may be caused by AI to formulate the necessary ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations for AI (i.e., Ethics of AI). With the appropriate ethics of AI, one can then build AI that exhibits ethical behavior (i.e., Ethical AI). This paper will discuss AI ethics by looking at the ethics of AI and ethical AI. What are the perceived ethical and moral issues with AI? What are the general and common ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that can resolve or at least attenuate these ethical and moral issues with AI? What are some of the necessary features and characteristics of an ethical AI? How to adhere to the ethics of AI to build ethical AI?

scholarly journals An Ethical Framework for the Design, Development, Implementation, and Assessment of Drones Used in Public Healthcare

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 2867-2891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Cawthorne ◽  
Aimee Robbins-van Wynsberghe
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Applied Ethics ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Social Experiment ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Ethical Guidelines

Abstract The use of drones in public healthcare is suggested as a means to improve efficiency under constrained resources and personnel. This paper begins by framing drones in healthcare as a social experiment where ethical guidelines are needed to protect those impacted while fully realizing the benefits the technology offers. Then we propose an ethical framework to facilitate the design, development, implementation, and assessment of drones used in public healthcare. Given the healthcare context, we structure the framework according to the four bioethics principles: beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice, plus a fifth principle from artificial intelligence ethics: explicability. These principles are abstract which makes operationalization a challenge; therefore, we suggest an approach of translation according to a values hierarchy whereby the top-level ethical principles are translated into relevant human values within the domain. The resulting framework is an applied ethics tool that facilitates awareness of relevant ethical issues during the design, development, implementation, and assessment of drones in public healthcare.

SELF-IMPOSED ETHICAL GUIDELINES FOR AI IN EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anri Leimanis
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
The Self ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
Global Discourse ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ethics Guidelines

Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications to education have encouraged an extensive global discourse on the underlying ethical principles and values. In a response numerous research institutions, companies, public agencies and non-governmental entities around the globe have published their own guidelines and / or policies for ethical AI. Even though the aim for most of the guidelines is to maximize the benefits that AI delivers to education, the policies differ significantly in content as well as application. In order to facilitate further discussion about the ethical principles, responsibilities of educational institutions using AI and to potentially arrive at a consensus concerning safe and desirable uses of AI in education, this paper performs an evaluation of the self-imposed AI ethics guidelines identifying the common principles and approaches as well as drawbacks limiting the practical and legal application of the policies.

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