Molecular genetic and behavioral analysis of social organization in the Asian elephant ( Elephas maximus)

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Fernando ◽  
Russell Lande
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Behavioral Analysis

Mitochondrial DNA variation, phylogeography and social organization of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) of North East India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susmita Das ◽  
Pranab Jyoti Das ◽  
Partha Pratim Das ◽  
Banasmita Das ◽  
Dharmeswar Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Population Genetic Study ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley

North east India is one of the exotic hotspots for Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and harbors about half of the global population of the Asian elephant. Here we present the first population genetic study of free-ranging Asian elephants, examining within- and among-population differentiation by analyzing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) differentiation across the Brahmaputra valley and elephant reserves of North east India. Surprisingly, the population here had shown lower mtDNA haplotype diversity with little mtDNA differentiation among localities within the Brahmaputra valley. This suggests extensive gene flow in the past, which is compatible with the home ranges of several hundred square kilometers for elephants in this region. Conversely, the Brahmaputra valley population is genetically distinct at a mitochondrial level than other tested elephant populations. These results significantly indicate the importance of population bottlenecks, social organization, and bio-geographic barriers in shaping the distribution of genetic variations among Asian elephant populations in North east India.

scholarly journals Social structure and demography of a remnant Asian elephant Elephas maximus population and the implications for survival

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Lauren J. Hale ◽  
Kun Shi ◽  
Tania C. Gilbert ◽  
Kelvin S.-H. Peh ◽  
Philip Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Effective Density ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Sex Ratio Bias ◽  
Elephant Population

Abstract The Asian elephant Elephas maximus is at risk of extinction as a result of anthropogenic pressures, and remaining populations are often small and fragmented remnants, occupying a fraction of the species' former range. Once widely distributed across China, only a maximum of 245 elephants are estimated to survive across seven small populations. We assessed the Asian elephant population in Nangunhe National Nature Reserve in Lincang Prefecture, China, using camera traps during May–July 2017, to estimate the population size and structure of this genetically important population. Although detection probability was low (0.31), we estimated a total population size of c. 20 individuals, and an effective density of 0.39 elephants per km2. Social structure indicated a strong sex ratio bias towards females, with only one adult male detected within the population. Most of the elephants associated as one herd but three adult females remained separate from the herd throughout the trapping period. These results highlight the fragility of remnant elephant populations such as Nangunhe and we suggest options such as a managed metapopulation approach for their continued survival in China and more widely.

scholarly journals Acute and Fatal Herpesvirus Infection in a Young Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus)

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ossent ◽  
F. Guscetti ◽  
A. E. Metzler ◽  
E. M. Lang ◽  
A. Rübel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Herpesvirus Infection

SUPRESSION OF TESTICULAR FUNCTION IN A MALE ASIAN ELEPHANT (ELEPHAS MAXIMUS) TREATED WITH GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE VACCINES

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imke Lueders ◽  
Thomas Bernd Hildebrandt ◽  
Charles Gray ◽  
Stephan Botha ◽  
Peter Rich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Releasing Hormone

scholarly journals The efficacy of interventions to protect crops from raiding elephants

AMBIO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Montgomery ◽  
Jamie Raupp ◽  
Methodius Mukhwana ◽  
Ashley Greenleaf ◽  
Tutilo Mudumba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Crop Raiding ◽  
African Elephants ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Raiding Behavior ◽  
Farmer Livelihoods ◽  
Chili Peppers

AbstractBoth African elephants (Loxodonta spp.) and the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) across their range come into conflict with people because of their crop-raiding behavior, which presents profound impediments to farmer livelihoods. In response, a series of interventions, designed to reduce elephant crop raiding have been applied. Based on an extensive review of elephant crop-raiding studies published over a 31-year period, we identified four primary categories of interventions including: (i) detection efforts; (ii) preemptive measures; (iii) fencing and trenches; and (iv) deterrent techniques. The interventions reported to be most effective involved chili peppers (i.e., fences, spray, and briquettes) and crop guarding coupled with deterrents. The extent to which these interventions can be applied more widely is unclear as only two studies examined efficacy across sites in more than one country. Thus, future inquiry should evaluate the ability of effective interventions, or indeed a combination of interventions, to be applied across the range of elephants to reduce crop raiding at scale.

PERIOCULAR ANTERIOR ADNEXAL ANATOMY AND CLINICAL ADNEXAL EXAMINATION OF THE ADULT ASIAN ELEPHANT (ELEPHAS MAXIMUS)

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Wong ◽  
Ramiro Isaza ◽  
J. Kelly Cuthbert ◽  
Dennis E. Brooks ◽  
Don A. Samuelson
Keyword(s):  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus

Liquid storage of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) sperm at 4 °C

2004 ◽  
Vol 80 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 329-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.H. Graham ◽  
J. Bando ◽  
C. Gray ◽  
M.M. Buhr
Keyword(s):  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Liquid Storage
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