Mitochondrial DNA variation, phylogeography and social organization of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) of North East India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susmita Das ◽  
Pranab Jyoti Das ◽  
Partha Pratim Das ◽  
Banasmita Das ◽  
Dharmeswar Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Population Genetic Study ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley

North east India is one of the exotic hotspots for Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and harbors about half of the global population of the Asian elephant. Here we present the first population genetic study of free-ranging Asian elephants, examining within- and among-population differentiation by analyzing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) differentiation across the Brahmaputra valley and elephant reserves of North east India. Surprisingly, the population here had shown lower mtDNA haplotype diversity with little mtDNA differentiation among localities within the Brahmaputra valley. This suggests extensive gene flow in the past, which is compatible with the home ranges of several hundred square kilometers for elephants in this region. Conversely, the Brahmaputra valley population is genetically distinct at a mitochondrial level than other tested elephant populations. These results significantly indicate the importance of population bottlenecks, social organization, and bio-geographic barriers in shaping the distribution of genetic variations among Asian elephant populations in North east India.

Genetic Characterization of Indigenous Duck of North-East Region using Microsatellite Markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purabi Kaushik ◽  
Jnyanashree Saikia ◽  
Kabitabala Kalita ◽  
Rajjyoti Deka ◽  
J. Saharia
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
The Other ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley ◽  
East Region ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Common Variety

Background: Duck farming plays a significant role, next to chicken in the socio-economic uplift men of the rural farmers of North-East India. Pati duck is the most common duck breed in the Brahmaputra valley of Assam and the other common variety reared in North-East India is Chara-Chambeli, however it originatein Kerala. Genetic characterization plays a significant role for formulation of breeding strategies for improvement of any breed. Microsatellites are codominant in nature and are highly polymorphic. High level of allelic variation, co-dominant mode of inheritance and potential for automated analysis make them an excellent tool for genotyping, mapping and genetic characterization. Pati duck is the most common duck breed in the Brahmaputra valley of Assam and the other common variety reared in North-East India is Chara-Chambeli however its origin in Kerela. Therefore, the present investigation was carried out to characterize these two duck breeds using microsatellite markers to evaluate the genetic diversity in these two duck population. Methods: For the present study, Blood sample were collected from 50 Patiducks and 50 Chara-Chambeli ducks from different parts of North-East India. Assessment of genetic characterization of duck breeds of north-east region were carried out using 16 microsatellite markers and population genetics analysis were done by POPGENE software. Result: In the present study, all the studied loci were highly polymorphic. Analysis generated a total of 41 microsatellite alleles. The number of observed alleles (Na) with an overall mean of 1.93±0.258. However, the effective number of alleles (Ne) with a mean of 1.6933±0.2712. The Shannon’s information index was found to a mean value of 0.5685±0.1693. The overall means for observed (HO) and expected (He) heterozygosities were 0.2889±0.2477 and 0.5289±0.0853, respectively. The chi-square (χ2) test for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium revealed that all the loci are in within Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Mitochondrial DNA-based genetic diversity of Anopheles nivipes in North East India

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 4236-4239 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Sarma ◽  
S. Singh ◽  
D. K. Sarma ◽  
D. R. Bhattacharyya ◽  
M. C. Kalita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East

scholarly journals Genetic population structure of the malaria vector Anopheles baimaii in north-east India using mitochondrial DNA

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devojit K Sarma ◽  
Anil Prakash ◽  
Samantha M O'Loughlin ◽  
Dibya R Bhattacharyya ◽  
Pradumnya K Mohapatra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Genetic Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East

Earthquakes and the Environmental Transformation of a Floodplain Landscape: The Brahmaputra Valley and the Earthquakes of 1897 and 1950

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-77
Author(s):  
Arupjyoti Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Deep Impact ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Brahmaputra Valley ◽  
Physical Setting ◽  
The World ◽  
Environmental Transformation ◽  
History Of

Two major earthquakes in 1897 and 1950 had a deep impact upon the environment and humans in north-east India. The massive seismic disturbance of 1897 played a crucial role in shaping the physical history of this region. Seismologists have observed that this earthquake holds a 'prominent place among the great earthquakes of the world'. Another earthquake in 1950 disturbed the region's physical setting. This article will examine how these earthquakes transformed the landscape of Assam, and, in so doing, affected the lives and livelihoods of human communities. It will detail the various geological and hydrological consequences of earthquakes, which included the creation of floods, landslides, fissures, sand vents and artificial river dams. It will demonstrate how these changes affected Assamese agriculturalists and fishing communities. In so doing, it will shift the historiography of earthquakes away from a largely urban focus to examine the rural experiences of seismic activity.

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