Evaluation of plant-based water status indicators in mature apple trees under field conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Doltra ◽  
José Antonio Oncins ◽  
Joan Bonany ◽  
Moshe Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Water Status ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Mature Apple

scholarly journals Hydraulic resistance components of mature apple trees on rootstocks of different vigours

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 4213-4224 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cohen ◽  
A. Naor ◽  
J. Bennink ◽  
A. Grava ◽  
M. Tyree
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Resistance Components ◽  
Mature Apple

EFFECTS OF A ROTATION OF SIMAZINE, TERBACIL, AND DICHLOBENIL IN A MATURE APPLE ORCHARD

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. HEENEY ◽  
V. WARREN ◽  
S. U. KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Control Growth ◽  
Vicia Cracca ◽  
Mature Apple

Annual yields of mature Kinkead Red Spy apple trees were higher when growth under trees was controlled by a rotation of three herbicides, namely, simazine (2-chloro-4, 6 bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine), terbacil (3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil) and dichlobenil (2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile) compared to yields of trees in which sod was regularly mowed to control growth of weeds. While weed control with herbicide rotations was not as effective as with continuous usage of a single herbicide, it was commercially acceptable, and the problem of common vetch (Vicia cracca L.) as on escape weed, particularly with continuous simazine was largely avoided. Over the 6-yr period there was little effect on nutrient levels of the foliage. Use of a rotation of herbicides prevented the accumulation of residues in the soil and levels of all herbicides noted in year 1 of the rotation were reduced to negligible amounts 2 yr after a particular herbicide had been applied.

Signal intensity based on maximum daily stem shrinkage can reflect the water status of apple trees under alternate partial root-zone irrigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoqing Du ◽  
Ling Tong ◽  
Xiaotao Zhang ◽  
Shaozhong Kang ◽  
Taisheng Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Apple Trees

THE EFFECTS OF SURFACE-APPLIED CALCIUM ON SOIL AND MATURE SPARTAN APPLE TREES

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. NEILSEN ◽  
E. HOGUE ◽  
B. G. DROUGHT
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Mature Apple

In 1975, hydrated lime and calcium sulfate were applied to a Rutland gravelly sandy loam under the canopy of mature apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh. ’Spartan’) on M16 at 3000, 6000, 3 × 2000 and at 3000, 6000, 3 × 4000 kg/ha, respectively, pH and exchangeable Ca, Mg and Mn were measured in the soil sampled in 1979 at 10-cm intervals to a 60-cm depth for each of the check, 6000 kg/ha Ca(OH)2 and 12 000 kg/ha gypsum treatments. The acidity of the surface soil was decreased significantly in the 6000 kg/ha Ca(OH)2 treatment. Negligible soil Ca accumulation occurred below the surface 10-cm depth for any treatment. Soil Mn was decreased from the surface to the 20-cm level in the Ca(OH)2 treatment while soil Mg was decreased from the surface to the 30-cm level in the gypsum treatment. Fruit Ca concentration at harvest, 1975–1979 was not increased by soil Ca treatments. Leaf Mg was often reduced by soil gpysum applications in excess of 3000 kg/ha. Leaf Mn reduction did not occur until the 4th and 5th yr of the experiment in the 6000 and the 3 × 2000 kg/ha Ca(OH)2 treatments.

DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPHAGOUS AND PREDACIOUS MITES ON APPLE TREES IN NOVA SCOTIA

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert ◽  
K. P. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Predacious Mites ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Predacious Mite ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
Lower Position ◽  
Zetzellia Mali ◽  
Aculus Schlechtendali ◽  
Mature Apple

AbstractThe relative densities of phytophagous and predacious mites within mature apple trees were examined. The eggs of phytophagous mites Aculus schlechtendali (Nal.) and Panonychus ulmi (Koch) were more numerous in the lower position of the tree while the reverse was true for the predacious mite Zetzellia mali (Ewing) and its eggs.

scholarly journals Phosphate Starter Fertilizer Temporarily Enhances Soil Arsenic Uptake by Apple Trees Grown under Field Conditions

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 826-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.J. Peryea
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arsenic Uptake ◽  
Starter Fertilizer ◽  
Lead Arsenate

Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) is a popular starter fertilizer in Pacific Northwest tree fruit orchards; however, its use on soils contaminated with lead arsenate pesticide residues can enhance As solubility, thereby increasing As phytoavailability. `Fuji'/EMLA.26 apple trees (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) were planted in Mar. 1992 on a lead arsenate—contaminated Cashmont gravelly sandy loam soil (HCl-extractable soil As range: 60-222 mg·kg-1) using in-hole starter fertilizer application of either MAP or ammonium sulfate at equivalent N and anion rates. In ensuing years, all trees received identical applications of ammonium nitrate only. Relative trunk cross-sectional area was inversely related to soil As concentration in the year of planting but not in subsequent years, and was independent of starter fertilizer treatment. Leaf and fruit As were positively related to soil As in all years. Leaf As was initially higher in the MAP-treated trees; however, this effect diminished over time and disappeared by 1995. Fruit As was independent of starter fertilizer treatment, and was substantially lower than the tolerance established for As in fresh produce. The experimental results indicate that MAP starter fertilizer can increase soil As phytoavailability to apple trees grown under field conditions; however, the effects on tree growth and food safety are insignificant.

Estimation of Changes in the Water Status of Soils under Field Conditions from the Attenuation of β-Radiation by Water held in Absorbent Nylon Pads

1968 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Newbould ◽  
E. R. Mercer ◽  
P. M. Lay
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Sequential Measurements ◽  
Made In

SummaryA procedure is described in which variation in the attenuation of β-radiation by water held in nylon pads is used to show changes in the water content of soil. The method enables sequential measurements to be made in narrow zones of soil under field conditions; the results are not influenced by the presence of soluble salts.

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