Bergmann’s ossicle (ossiculum terminale persistens): a brief review and differentiation from other findings of the odontoid process

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1603-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaspreet Johal ◽  
Marios Loukas ◽  
Christian Fisahn ◽  
Rod J. Oskouian ◽  
R. Shane Tubbs
Keyword(s):  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Ossiculum Terminale

Atlantoaxial stability in ossiculum terminale

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-121
Author(s):  
Cheng-Loong Liang ◽  
Chun-Chung Lui ◽  
Kang Lu ◽  
Tao-Chen Lee ◽  
Han-Jung Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
The Body ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ossiculum Terminale ◽  
Atlantoaxial Stability ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors describe a patient with ossiculum terminale. Thin-section three-dimensional computerized tomography reconstructions, magnetic resonance images, and radiographs of the cervical spine were obtained to evaluate the atlantoaxial stability and structures of the ossiculum terminale. Bone had formed between the ossicles and the body of the odontoid process, and good atlantoaxial stability was clearly demonstrated.

Anomalous vertebral artery at the craniovertebral junction in a patient with Down syndrome

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Yamazaki ◽  
Masao Koda ◽  
Minori Yoneda ◽  
Atsuomi Aiba ◽  
Hideshige Moriya
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Craniovertebral Junction ◽  
Transverse Foramen ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ossiculum Terminale ◽  
The Right

✓ The authors report a case of a patient with Down syndrome in whom the abnormal course of the right vertebral artery (VA) at the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) was accurately demonstrated on three-dimensional (3D) computerized tomography (CT) angiography. The patient was a 5-year-old boy, who developed severe myelopathy. Bone abnormalities were also present at the CVJ, including atlantoaxial and occipitoatlantal instabilities, a hypoplastic odontoid process, and ossiculum terminale. Three-dimensional CT angiography revealed that the right VA was duplicated after emerging from the C-2 transverse foramen. One half of the duplication, an artery that was as large as the left VA, turned posteromedially and entered the spinal canal between C-1 and C-2. The other half, a very small artery, ran as usual and passed through the C-1 transverse foramen. The authors performed an occipitocervical posterior fusion and a C-1 laminectomy. Intraoperatively the course of the anomalous VA was identified on Doppler ultrasonography, and the surgical approach and bone excision were undertaken carefully to avoid VA injury. Postoperatively, resolution of myelopathy was marked. In the surgical treatment of patients with Down syndrome, surgeons should consider the possibility that a VA anomaly is present at the CVJ. With preoperative 3D CT angiography, the anomalous VA can be identified precisely and the possible risk of intraoperative VA injury predetermined.

The Expanded Endonasal Approach: A Fully Endoscopic Transnasal Approach and Resection of the Odontoid Process

Skull Base ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (S 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Snyderman ◽  
Amin Kassam ◽  
Paul Gardner ◽  
Ricardo Carrau ◽  
Richard Spiro
Keyword(s):  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Endonasal Approach ◽  
Transnasal Approach ◽  
Expanded Endonasal Approach ◽  
Endoscopic Transnasal Approach

The Y-shaped trabecular bone structure in the odontoid process of the axis: a CT scan study in 54 healthy subjects and biomechanical considerations

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Montemurro ◽  
Paolo Perrini ◽  
Vittoriano Mangini ◽  
Massimo Galli ◽  
Andrea Papini
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Trabecular Structure ◽  
Anatomical Entity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Axial Ct ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVEOdontoid process fractures are very common in both young and geriatric patients. The axial trabecular architecture of the dens appears to be crucial for physiological and biomechanical function of the C1–2 joint. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the presence of a Y-shaped trabecular structure of the dens on axial CT and to describe its anatomical and biomechanical implications.METHODSFifty-four C2 odontoid processes in healthy subjects were prospectively examined for the presence of a Y-shaped trabecular structure at the odontocentral synchondrosis level with a dental cone beam CT scan. Length, width, and axial area of the odontoid process were measured in all subjects. In addition, measurements of the one-third right anterior area of the Y-shaped structure were taken.RESULTSThe Y-shaped trabecular structure was found in 79.6% of cases. Length and width of the odontoid process were 13.5 ± 0.6 mm and 11.2 ± 0.9 mm, respectively. The mean area of the odontoid process at the odontocentral synchondrosis was 93.5 ± 4.3 mm2, whereas the mean one-third right anterior area of the odontoid process at the same level was 29.3 ± 2.5 mm2. The mean area of the odontoid process and its length and width were similar in men and women (p > 0.05). No significant difference was found in the mean area of the odontoid process in people older than 65 years (94 ± 4.2 mm2) compared to people younger than 65 years (93.3 ± 4.4 mm2; p > 0.05).CONCLUSIONSThe authors identified a new anatomical entity, named the Y-shaped trabecular structure of the odontoid process, on axial CT scans. This structure appears to be the result of bone transformation induced by the elevated dynamic loading at the C1–2 level. The presence of the Y-shaped structure provides new insights into biomechanical responses of C2 under physiological loading and traumatic conditions.

Odontoid cervical gout causing atlantoaxial instability: case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-544
Author(s):  
Justin Slavin ◽  
Marcello DiStasio ◽  
Paul F. Dellaripa ◽  
Michael Groff
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Atlantoaxial Instability ◽  
Posterior Stabilization ◽  
Rotatory Subluxation

The authors present a case report of a patient discovered to have a rotatory subluxation of the C1–2 joint and a large retroodontoid pannus with an enhancing lesion in the odontoid process eventually proving to be caused by gout. This patient represented a diagnostic conundrum as she had known prior diagnoses of not only gout but also sarcoidosis and possible rheumatoid arthritis, and was in the demographic range where concern for an oncological process cannot fully be ruled out. Because she presented with signs and symptoms of atlantoaxial instability, she required posterior stabilization to reduce the rotatory subluxation and to stabilize the C1–2 instability. However, despite the presence of a large retroodontoid pannus, she had no evidence of spinal cord compression on physical examination or imaging and did not require an anterior procedure to decompress the pannus. To confirm the diagnosis but avoid additional procedures and morbidity, the authors proceeded with the fusion as well as a posterior biopsy to the retroodontoid pannus and confirmed a diagnosis of gout.

Cervical 1-2 Posterior Instrumented Fusion Utilizing Computer-Assisted Navigation With Harvest of Rib Strut Autograft: 2-Dimensional Operative Video

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J Yee ◽  
Michael J Strong ◽  
Matthew S Willsey ◽  
Mark E Oppenlander
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Odontoid Fracture ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Instrumented Fusion ◽  
Assisted Navigation ◽  
Patient Consent ◽  
Posterior Instrumented Fusion

Abstract Nonunion of a type II odontoid fracture after the placement of an anterior odontoid screw can occur despite careful patient selection. Countervailing factors to successful fusion include the vascular watershed zone between the odontoid process and body of C2 as well as the relatively low surface area available for fusion. Patient-specific factors include osteoporosis, advanced age, and poor fracture fragment apposition. Cervical 1-2 posterior instrumented fusion is indicated for symptomatic nonunion. The technique leverages the larger posterolateral surface area for fusion and does not rely on bony growth in a watershed zone. Although loss of up to half of cervical rotation is expected after C1-2 arthrodesis, this may be better tolerated in the elderly, who may have lower physical demands than younger patients. In this video, we discuss the case of a 75-yr-old woman presenting with intractable mechanical cervicalgia 7 mo after sustaining a type II odontoid fracture and undergoing anterior odontoid screw placement at an outside institution. Cervical radiography and computed tomography exhibited haloing around the screw and nonunion across the fracture. We demonstrate C1-2 posterior instrumented fusion with Goel-Harms technique (C1 lateral mass and C2 pedicle screws), utilizing computer-assisted navigation, and modified Sonntag technique with rib strut autograft.  Posterior C1-2-instrumented fusion with rib strut autograft is an essential technique in the spine surgeon's armamentarium for the management of C1-2 instability, which can be a sequela of type II dens fracture. Detailed video demonstration has not been published to date.  Appropriate patient consent was obtained.

scholarly journals Crowned Dens Syndrome Occurring after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Takeshi Okamoto ◽  
Takashi Ikeya ◽  
Katsuyuki Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Endoscopic Procedures ◽  
Submucosal Dissection ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate Dehydrate ◽  
Crowned Dens Syndrome ◽  
Head Computed Tomography

Crowned dens syndrome (CDS) is a rare form of pseudogout which causes acute neck pain due to calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate deposition surrounding the odontoid process, commonly causing neck pain with rigidity. While invasive procedures such as surgery are known to present a risk of acute pseudogout, reports of occurrence after endoscopic procedures are scarce. We report the case of a 75-year-old man who presented with sudden neck pain after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastric cancer. He could nod but could not rotate his head. Computed tomography showed calcifications surrounding the odontoid process consistent with CDS. Prolonged dietary restrictions and proton pump inhibitor use following the ESD procedure may have caused hypomagnesemia, a precipitating factor for CDS. We prescribed colchicine 1 mg/day and symptoms resolved completely in 3 days. This is the first report of CDS after ESD. CDS should be included in the differential diagnosis of neck pain after endoscopic procedures.

Cleft Arch of Atlas Simulating Fracture of the Odontoid Process

Spine ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT Y. PICK
Keyword(s):  
Odontoid Process
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document