Direct impact of El Niño on East Asian summer precipitation in the observation

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 2979-2987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wen ◽  
Zhengyu Liu ◽  
Yinghui Liu
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Asian Summer ◽  
East Asian Summer Precipitation

scholarly journals Thermal Contrast between the Middle-Latitude Asian Continent and Adjacent Ocean and Its Connection to the East Asian Summer Precipitation

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 4992-5007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaqiong Cheng ◽  
Tongwen Wu ◽  
Wenjie Dong
Keyword(s):  
Geopotential Height ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Middle Latitude ◽  
Interdecadal Variability ◽  
Asian Continent ◽  
Thermal Contrast ◽  
Asian Summer ◽  
High Precipitation ◽  
East Asian Summer Precipitation

Abstract To analyze the middle-to-lower-troposphere atmospheric thermal contrast between the middle latitude over the Asian continent and over its eastern adjacent ocean near Japan, an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data of the June–August (JJA) 500-hPa geopotential height over the Asia–Pacific area (10°–80°N, 60°–180°E) during 1958–2000 was done. It shows that the dominating pattern of the thermal contrast may well be represented by a “seesaw” of 500-hPa geopotential height anomalies between a land area (40°–55°N, 75°–90°E) and an oceanic area (35°–42.5°N, 140°– 150°E). An index showing the difference between the two areas is defined as the middle-latitude land–sea thermal contrast index (LSI). The LSI has significant interannual and interdecadal variability. Its interannual variation is mainly attributed to the atmospheric thermal condition over the ocean, which has a remarkably regional unique feature, while the interdecadal variability is greatly attributed to that over the land. The LSI has a close connection to the East Asian summer precipitation. The results show that large (small) LSI is related to high (low) summer precipitation in the middle to lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Korea, Japan, and its eastern adjacent ocean at the same latitude, and low (high) precipitation in the South China Sea and tropical western Pacific, as well as low (high) precipitation in north China and high-latitude northeast Asia. The pattern of correlation between LSI and precipitation resembles the spatial distribution of the principle EOF mode of year-to-year precipitation variations. Furthermore, the variation of LSI is highly correlated to the time series of the first EOF mode of summer precipitation anomalies. This suggests that the middle-latitude land–sea thermal contrast is one of important factors to influence on the summer precipitation variations over the area from the whole East Asia to the western Pacific. The possible physical mechanisms of the land–sea thermal contrast impacting the East Asian summer monsoon precipitation are also investigated.

scholarly journals Direct ENSO impact on East Asian summer precipitation in the developing summer

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 6799-6815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wen ◽  
Zhengyu Liu ◽  
Laurent Li
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Asian Summer ◽  
East Asian Summer Precipitation

scholarly journals Decreasing Influence of Summer Snow Cover Over the Western Tibetan Plateau on East Asian Precipitation Under Global Warming

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibiao Wang ◽  
Renguang Wu ◽  
Zhang Chen ◽  
Lihua Zhu ◽  
Kai Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Northern China ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Western Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Asian Summer ◽  
Tibetan Plateau Snow Cover ◽  
East Asian Summer Precipitation

In recent years, some studies emphasized the influence of western Tibetan Plateau summer snow on the East Asian summer precipitation. With the temperature rise in the past decades, the snow cover over the western Tibetan Plateau in summer has significantly decreased. This raises the question whether the impact of the Tibetan Plateau snow has changed. The present study identifies a prominent change in the influence of the western Tibetan Plateau snow cover on the East Asian summer precipitation. Before the early 2000’s, positive precipitation anomalies extend from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau through the Yangtze River to Japan and Korea and negative anomalies cover southeast China corresponding to more Tibetan Plateau snow cover. After the early 2000’s, with the reduction of snow cover variability, below-normal and above-normal summer precipitation occurs over northern China-Mongolia and northeast Asia, respectively, corresponding to more Tibetan Plateau snow cover. The change in the influence of the Tibetan Plateau snow on the East Asian summer precipitation is associated with an obvious change in the atmospheric circulation anomaly pattern. Before the early 2000’s, the wind anomalies display a south-north contrast pattern with anomalous convergence along the Yangtze River. After the early 2000’s, an anomalous cyclone occupies Northeast China with anomalous southerlies and northerlies over northeast Asia and northern China, respectively. The Tibetan Plateau snow cover variation after the early 2000’s is associated with the northeast Indian summer precipitation. The model experiments confirm that the weakened influence of summer western Tibetan Plateau snow cover on the East Asian atmospheric circulation and precipitation with the reduced snow cover anomalies.

Asian Summer Precipitation over the Past 544 Years Reconstructed by Merging Tree Rings and Historical Documentary Records

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (19) ◽  
pp. 7845-7861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Shi ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Edward R. Cook ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Fei Liu
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Central Pacific El Niño ◽  
Asian Summer ◽  
Mode A

Sparse long-term Asian monsoon (AM) records have limited our ability to understand and accurately model low-frequency AM variability. Here we present a gridded 544-yr (from 1470 to 2013) reconstructed Asian summer precipitation (RAP) dataset by weighted merging of two complementary proxies including 453 tree-ring-width chronologies and 71 historical documentary records. The RAP dataset provides substantially improved data quality when compared with single-proxy-type reconstructions. Skillful reconstructions are obtained in East and North China, northern India and Pakistan, the Indochina Peninsula, midlatitude Asia, the Maritime Continent, and southern Japan. The RAP faithfully illustrates large-scale regional rainfall variability but has more uncertainties in representing small-scale local rainfall anomalies. The RAP reproduces a realistic climatology and captures well the year-to-year rainfall variability averaged over monsoon Asia, arid central Asia, and all of Asia during the twentieth century. It also shows a general agreement with other proxies (speleothems and ice cores) during the period of 1470–1920. The RAP captures the remarkably abrupt change during the 1600s recorded in the upwelling proxy over the Arabian Sea. Four major modes of variability of the Asian summer precipitation are identified with the long record of the RAP, including a biennial El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) mode, a low-frequency ENSO mode, a central Pacific El Niño–like decadal mode, and an interdecadal mode. In sum, the RAP provides a valuable dataset for study of the large-scale Asian summer precipitation variability, especially the decadal–centennial variability that is caused by external forcing and internal feedback processes within the Earth climate system.

scholarly journals Impact of the Preceding El Nino on the East Asian Summer Atmosphere Circulation.

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (1B) ◽  
pp. 575-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Wang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Jai-Ho Oh
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Asian Summer

scholarly journals Tropical volcanism enhanced the East Asian summer monsoon during the last millennium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Chaochao Gao ◽  
Jing Chai ◽  
Alan Robock ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
El Niño ◽  
East Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Volcanic Eruption ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Last Millennium ◽  
Asian Summer

Abstract Extreme East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) rainfall frequently induces floods that pose threats to millions of people across East Asia. The intensified EASM rainfall has been generally attributed to internal modes of climate variability, while external volcanic forcing has been suggested to suppress the EASM. In contrast to the hydrological weakening theory of volcanic eruptions, we present convergent empirical and modeling evidence for significant intensification of EASM rainfall in response to strong tropical volcanic eruptions. Our paleoclimate proxy analyses show a significantly increased EASM in the first summer after large tropical eruptions from 1470 AD to the present. The multi-proxy ensemble mean demonstrates that the occurrence of an El Niño in the first boreal winter after a volcanic eruption is necessary for the enhanced EASM. The results from the last-millennium climate model simulations show that a volcano-induced El Niño and the associated warm pool air-sea interaction intensify EASM precipitation, overwhelming volcanic-induced moisture deficiency. This work offers a new perspective on the intertwined relationship between external forcing and internal variability in the complex climate system and potential flood disasters resulting from tropical volcanic eruption.

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