Carcinogenic potential of formaldehyde in occupational settings: a critical assessment and possible impact on occupational exposure levels

Regarding the widely distribution of respiratory exposure hazards in occupational settings, workers have an increased risk for chronic lung diseases. For assessing the quality of life and lung function in workers exposed to chemicals and dust, St George�s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and spirometry were performed among 40 patients, admitted in Occupational Clinic Department of Colentina Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, during February, 2017. SGRQ showed different predictors for patients according to their occupational exposure and total symptoms score correlated better with decreased spirometric parameters in defining lung function deterioration. Quality of life is earlier affected than lung function deterioration and emphasises the need of more sensitive methods for an earlier identification and better evaluation of respiratory hazards in different workplaces.

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Reactions between mercury vapor and chlorine gas at occupational exposure levels

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/0045-6535(92)90406-h ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 1633-1644 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ingvar Skare ◽

Rolf Johansson

Keyword(s):

Occupational Exposure ◽

Mercury Vapor ◽

Chlorine Gas ◽

Exposure Levels

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Environmental and Occupational Factors on Implantation Failure

Climate Change and Its Impact on Fertility - Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-4480-8.ch002 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 27-41

Author(s):

Khursheed Ahmad Wani ◽

Javid Ahmad Lone ◽

Waseem Yaseen ◽

Junaid Ahmad Malik

Keyword(s):

Occupational Exposure ◽

Indirect Effect ◽

Lower Incidence ◽

Reproductive Activity ◽

Coping Mechanisms ◽

Hazardous Substances ◽

Implantation Failure ◽

Reproductive Outcomes ◽

Wide Range ◽

Occupational Settings

It has been shown that reproductive activity is responsive to changes in the physical, psychosocial, and chemical environments. Occupational exposure has been identified to a wide range of putative hazards and adverse reproductive outcomes, or fertility. Such risks include the physical environment such as VDT and noise, as well as psychosocial stress and chemical agents. Some of these may have a direct or indirect effect on IVF outcomes. Psychosocial factors such as inadequate coping mechanisms, anxiety and/or depression are related to a lower incidence of IVF pregnancy. In this chapter the authors focus on the difficulties involved in linking exposure to putative hazardous substances to adverse reproductive outcomes in environmental and occupational settings, particularly the effectiveness of IVF procedures.

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Occupational exposure and markers of genetic damage, systemic inflammation and lung function: a Danish cross-sectional study among air force personnel

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-97382-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Helena Guerra Andersen ◽

Anne Thoustrup Saber ◽

Marie Frederiksen ◽

Per Axel Clausen ◽

Camilla Sandal Sejbaek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Occupational Exposure ◽

Lung Function ◽

Air Force ◽

Systemic Inflammation ◽

Reference Group ◽

Exposed Group ◽

Exposure Level ◽

Genetic Damage ◽

Job Functions ◽

Exposure Levels

AbstractAir force ground crew personnel are potentially exposed to fuels and lubricants, as raw materials, vapours and combustion exhaust emissions, during operation and maintenance of aircrafts. This study investigated exposure levels and biomarkers of effects for employees at a Danish air force military base. We enrolled self-reported healthy and non-smoking employees (n = 79) and grouped them by exposure based on job function, considered to be potentially exposed (aircraft engineers, crew chiefs, fuel operators and munition specialists) or as reference group with minimal occupational exposure (avionics and office workers). We measured exposure levels to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) by silicone bands and skin wipes (PAHs only) as well as urinary excretion of PAH metabolites (OH-PAHs). Additionally, we assessed exposure levels of ultrafine particles (UFPs) in the breathing zone for specific job functions. As biomarkers of effect, we assessed lung function, plasma levels of acute phase inflammatory markers, and genetic damage levels in peripheral blood cells. Exposure levels of total PAHs, OPEs and OH-PAHs did not differ between exposure groups or job functions, with low correlations between PAHs in different matrices. Among the measured job functions, the UFP levels were higher for the crew chiefs. The exposure level of the PAH fluorene was significantly higher for the exposed group than the reference group (15.9 ± 23.7 ng/g per 24 h vs 5.28 ± 7.87 ng/g per 24 h, p = 0.007), as was the OPE triphenyl phosphate (305 ± 606 vs 19.7 ± 33.8 ng/g per 24 h, p = 0.011). The OPE tris(1,3-dichlor-2-propyl)phosphate had a higher mean in the exposed group (60.7 ± 135 ng/g per 24 h) compared to the reference group (8.89 ± 15.7 ng/g per 24 h) but did not reach significance. No evidence of effects for biomarkers of systemic inflammation, genetic damage or lung function was found. Overall, our biomonitoring study show limited evidence of occupational exposure of air force ground crew personnel to UFPs, PAHs and OPEs. Furthermore, the OH-PAHs and the assessed biomarkers of early biological effects did not differ between exposed and reference groups.

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DNA effects of low level occupational exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (50/60 Hz)

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/0748233719851697 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 424-430 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rezvan Zendehdel ◽

Il Je Yu ◽

Behnam Hajipour-Verdom ◽

Zahra Panjali

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Occupational Exposure ◽

Low Frequency ◽

International Agency ◽

Tail Moment ◽

Limit Values ◽

Strand Breaks ◽

Extremely Low Frequency ◽

Exposed Population ◽

Exposure Levels

Aims: Exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) occurs from natural and artificial sources. Although ELF-MF has been classified as a suspected humans carcinogen agent by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, little is known of the effects of ELF-MF at lower exposure levels of the recommended range. In the present study, DNA damage in the peripheral blood cells of power line workers was investigated. Materials and Methods: Occupational exposure to ELF-MF in a power plant was measured using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) manual. Single-strand breaks (SSBs) in DNA were evaluated in 29 male utility workers as the exposed population and 28 male support personnel as the control subjects using the comet assay. Effects of ELF-MF on subjects were evaluated using DNA percent in tails, tail length, olive length, and tail moment. Results: Occupational exposure levels to ELF-MF in the utility workers were less than the threshold limit values (TLV) recommended by the American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH). The median value of the magnetic field at the working sites was 0.85 µT. Induction of DNA damage was observed for the exposed workers compared with the controls. Olive length, tail moment, and tail DNA percent increased significantly ( p < 0.05) in the utility workers. Conclusions: Exposure to ELF-MF at levels less than the ACGIH exposure limit can produce DNA strand breaks.

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