Molecular evidence for person-to-person transmission of a novel subtype in Giardia duodenalis assemblage B at the rehabilitation institution for developmentally disabled people

2011 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 1025-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niichiro Abe ◽  
Isao Teramoto
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Developmentally Disabled ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Assemblage B

scholarly journals Intestinal Protists in Captive Non-human Primates and Their Handlers in Six European Zoological Gardens. Molecular Evidence of Zoonotic Transmission

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela C. Köster ◽  
Eva Martínez-Nevado ◽  
Andrea González ◽  
María T. Abelló-Poveda ◽  
Hugo Fernández-Bellon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Zoonotic Transmission ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Entamoeba Dispar ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Transmission Pathways ◽  
Protist Species ◽  
Assemblage B

We assessed the occurrence, genetic diversity, and zoonotic potential of four protozoan (Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, Giardia duodenalis), one stramenopile (Blastocystis sp.), one microsporidia (Enterocytozoon bieneusi), and two ciliate (Balantioides coli, Troglodytella abrassarti) intestinal parasite or commensal protist species in captive non-human primates (NHP) and their zookeepers from six European zoological gardens in France (n = 1), Germany (n = 1), and Spain (n = 4). Faecal samples from NHP (n = 454) belonging to 63 species within 35 genera and humans (n = 70) were collected at two sampling periods in each participating institution between October 2018-August 2021. Detection and species identification was accomplished by PCR and Sanger sequencing of the ssu rRNA and/or ITS genes. Sub-genotyping analyses using specific markers were conducted on isolates positive for G. duodenalis (gdh, bg, tpi) and Cryptosporidium spp. (gp60). Overall, 41.0% (186/454) and 30.0% (21/70) of the faecal samples of NHP and human origin tested positive for at least one intestinal protist species, respectively. In NHP, Blastocystis sp. was the most prevalent protist species found (20.3%), followed by G. duodenalis (18.1%), E. dispar (7.9%), B. coli and T. abrassarti (1.5% each), and Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi (0.9% each). Occurrence rates varied largely among NHP host species, sampling periods, and zoological institutions. The predominant protist species found in humans was Blastocystis sp. (25.7%), followed by Cryptosporidium spp. (2.9%), E. dispar (1.4%), and G. duodenalis (1.4%). Sequencing of PCR-positive amplicons in human and/or NHP confirmed the presence of Cryptosporidium in six isolates (C. hominis: 66.7%, C. parvum: 33.3%), G. duodenalis in 18 isolates (assemblage A: 16.7%, assemblage B: 83.3%), Blastocystis in 110 isolates (ST1:38.2%, ST2:11.8%, ST3: 18.2%, ST4: 9.1%, ST5: 17.3%, ST8: 2.7%, ST13: 0.9%), and E. bieneusi in four isolates (CM18: 75.0%, Type IV: 25.0%). Zoonotic transmission events involving Blastocystis ST1–ST4 were identified in four zoological institutions. Zoonotic transmission of C. hominis was highly suspected, but not fully demonstrated, in one of them. Monitoring of intestinal protist species might be useful for assessing health status of captive NHP and their zookeepers, and to identify transmission pathways of faecal-orally transmitted pathogens.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Salem Belkessa ◽  
Daniel Thomas-Lopez ◽  
Karim Houali ◽  
Farida Ghalmi ◽  
Christen Rune Stensvold
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
Assemblage B

The molecular epidemiology of giardiasis in Africa remains unclear. A study was carried out across four hospitals in Algeria. A total of 119 fecal samples from 55 children, 37 adults, and 27 individuals of undetermined age, all scored positive for intestinal parasites by microscopy, and were screened by real-time PCR for Giardia. Molecular characterization of Giardia was performed by assemblage-specific PCR and PCR targeting the triose phosphate isomerase gene (tpi). Of the 119 samples, 80 (67%) were Giardia-positive by real-time PCR. For 48 moderately-highly real-time PCR-positive samples, tpi genotyping assigned 22 samples to Assemblage A and 26 to Assemblage B. Contrary to Assemblage A, Assemblage B exhibited substantial genetic diversity and allelic heterozygosity. Assemblage-specific PCR proved to be specific for discriminating Assemblage A or B but not as sensitive as tpi genotyping. We confirmed that real-time PCR is more sensitive than microscopy for detecting Giardia in stool samples and that robust amplification and sequencing of the tpi gene is feasible when moderate-to-strongly real-time PCR-positive samples are used. This study is one of the few performed in Africa providing genotyping data on Giardia infections in humans. Both assemblages A and B were commonly seen and not associated with specific sociodemographic data.

scholarly journals Molecular evidence for zoonotic transmission of Giardia duodenalis among dairy farm workers in West Bengal, India

2011 ◽  
Vol 178 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 342-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahbaz Manzoor Khan ◽  
Chanchal Debnath ◽  
Amiya Kumar Pramanik ◽  
Lihua Xiao ◽  
Tomoyoshi Nozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Zoonotic Transmission ◽  
Molecular Evidence

Changes in simple visual matching task performance and physiological signals in intellectually and developmentally disabled people due to administration of highly concentrated oxygen

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung-Sik Kim ◽  
Mi-Hyun Choi ◽  
Hyun-Joo Kim ◽  
Hong-Won Yeon ◽  
Hee-Jeong Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Developmentally Disabled ◽  
Physiological Signals ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Visual Matching

Telecommunications and developmentally disabled people

1983 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Robert Johansen ◽  
Barbara McNeal ◽  
Michael Nyhan
Keyword(s):  
Developmentally Disabled ◽  
Disabled People

Book Review: In Heaven There are No Thunderstorms: Celebrating the Liturgy with Developmentally Disabled People

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
Frederick A. Stiemke
Keyword(s):  
Developmentally Disabled ◽  
Disabled People

scholarly journals Cognitive Ability and Cardiovascular Control in Intellectually and Developmentally Disabled People

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
H. S. Kim ◽  
M. H. Choi ◽  
I. H. Lee ◽  
S. P. Hong ◽  
N. R. You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Developmentally Disabled ◽  
Cardiovascular Control ◽  
Disabled People

Detection of potentially human infectious assemblages of Giardia duodenalis in fecal samples from beef and dairy cattle in Scotland

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (9) ◽  
pp. 1123-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Bartley ◽  
Beeke K. Roehe ◽  
Sarah Thomson ◽  
Hannah J. Shaw ◽  
Frederieke Peto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Assemblage B

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the prevalence and assemblages of Giardia duodenalis present in Scottish beef and dairy cattle at different ages, to try to ascertain if cattle could play a role in the spread of zoonotic assemblages of Giardia. A total of 388 fecal samples (128 beef and 253 dairy, seven of unknown breed) were collected from 19 farms in Scotland. Samples were sub-divided by host age, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, 7–24 and ⩾25 weeks. DNA was extracted and tested by PCR to detect G. duodenalis DNA. Of the 388 samples, 126 tested positive, giving an overall prevalence of 32.5%, with positive samples being observed in all age groups tested. The prevalence in dairy cattle was 44.7% (113/235), which was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the prevalence in beef cattle 10.1% (13/128). Sequence analysis demonstrated the presence of assemblage E (77.2%, sequence types E-S1–E-S5), assemblage B (18.2%) and assemblage A (sub-assemblages AI-AII) (4.6%). These data demonstrate that G. duodenalis is found routinely in both dairy and beef cattle throughout Scotland; the presence of assemblages A and B also indicates that cattle may play a role in the spread of potentially zoonotic assemblages of Giardia.

scholarly journals The assemblage B of Giardia duodenalis is the most common assemblage in isolates from southeast of Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 715-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Rostaminia ◽  
◽  
Adel Ebrahimzadeh ◽  
Mahnaz Shahrakipoor ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Assemblage B
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