Probabilistic estimation of minimum night flow in water distribution networks: large-scale application to the city of Patras in western Greece

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios V. Serafeim ◽  
George Kokosalakis ◽  
Roberto Deidda ◽  
Irene Karathanasi ◽  
Andreas Langousis
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Probabilistic Estimation ◽  
Minimum Night Flow ◽  
The City ◽  
Western Greece

Practical Estimation of Minimum Night Flow in Water Distribution Networks: Large-scale Application to the City of Patras in Western Greece

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios V. Serafeim ◽  
Irene Karathanasi ◽  
George Kokosalakis ◽  
Roberto Deidda ◽  
Andreas Langousis
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Flow Data ◽  
Point Estimates ◽  
Minimum Night Flow ◽  
The City ◽  
Nominal Resolution ◽  
Western Greece

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>In the present work we develop and test a non-parametric statistical methodology to obtain point estimates of Minimum Night Flow (MNF) in Water Distribution Networks (WDNs). The methodology constitutes a simplified version of the approach of Serafeim et al. (2021) for confidence interval estimation of background losses in WDNs, that simultaneously analyzes all night flow measurements, producing robust estimates independent of the nominal resolution of the available data.</p><p>In addition to being simpler to apply and computationally more efficient, the developed method can be applied to any WDN independent of its size, age and overall condition, its  specific geometric characteristics (intensity of altimetry, average diameter etc.), inlet/operating pressures, and the nominal resolution of the flow data.</p><p>The effectiveness of the method is tested via a large-scale application to the WDN of the City of Patras in western Greece, which consists of 79 Pressure Management Areas (PMAs) with more than 700 km of pipeline grid. To do so, we use flow data at 1 min temporal resolution, provided by the Municipal Enterprise of Water Supply and Sewerage of the City of Patras, for the 4-month winter period from 01 November 2018 – 28 February 2019, which are progressively averaged to coarser temporal resolutions, in an effort to test the sensitivity of the developed method to the nominal resolution of the data.  </p><p>The obtained point estimates of MNF are assessed on the basis of the confidence intervals obtained by the approach of Serafeim et al. (2021), highlighting the accuracy and robustness of a simple non-parametric approach in providing MNF point estimates at a minimum of effort.</p><p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p><p>The research work was supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (H.F.R.I.) under the “First Call for H.F.R.I. Research Projects to support Faculty members and Researchers and the procurement of high-cost research equipment grant” (Project Number: 1162).</p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>Serafeim, A.V., G. Kokosalakis, R. Deidda, I. Karathanasi and A. Langousis, (2021) Probabilistic Estimation of Minimum Night Flow in Water Distribution Networks: Large-scale Application to the City of Patras in Western Greece (submitted).</p>

scholarly journals Adaptive water distribution networks with dynamically reconfigurable topology

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1280-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wright ◽  
Ivan Stoianov ◽  
Panos Parpas ◽  
Kevin Henderson ◽  
John King
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Dynamically Reconfigurable ◽  
Minimum Night Flow

This paper presents a novel concept of adaptive water distribution networks with dynamically reconfigurable topology for optimal pressure control, leakage management and improved system resilience. The implementation of District Meter Areas (DMAs) has greatly assisted water utilities in reducing leakage. DMAs segregate water networks into small areas, the flow in and out of each area is monitored and thresholds are derived from the minimum night flow to trigger the leak localization. A major drawback of the DMA approach is the reduced redundancy in network connectivity which has a severe impact on network resilience, incident management and water quality deterioration. The presented approach for adaptively reconfigurable networks integrates the benefits of DMAs for managing leakage with the advantages of large-scale looped networks for increased redundancy in connectivity, reliability and resilience. Self-powered multi-function network controllers are designed and integrated with novel telemetry tools for high-speed time-synchronized monitoring of the dynamic hydraulic conditions. A computationally efficient and robust optimization method based on sequential convex programming is developed and applied for the dynamic topology reconfiguration and pressure control of water distribution networks. An investigation is carried out using an operational network to evaluate the implementation and benefits of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Hybrid particle swarm optimization and tabu search for the design of large-scale water distribution networks

RBRH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Eloim Silva de Macêdo ◽  
José Roberto Gonçalves de Azevedo ◽  
Saulo de Tarso Marques Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Tabu Search ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Hybrid Particle ◽  
Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization

ABSTRACT Water distribution network (WDN) optimization has received special attention from various technicians and researchers, mainly due to its high costs of implementation, operation and maintenance. However, the low computational efficiency of most developed algorithms makes them difficult to apply in large-scale WDN design problems. This article presents a hybrid particle swarm optimization and tabu search (H-PSOTS) algorithm for WDN design. Incorporating tabu search (TS) as a local improvement procedure enables the H-PSOTS algorithm to avoid local optima and show satisfactory performance. Pure particle swarm optimization (PSO) and H-PSOTS algorithms were applied to three benchmark networks proposed in the literature: the Balerma irrigation network, the ZJ network and the Rural network. The hybrid methodology obtained good results when seeking an optimal solution and revealed high computational performance, making it a new option for the optimal design of real water distribution networks.

scholarly journals Multiple Leak Detection in Water Distribution Networks Following Seismic Damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8306
Author(s):  
Jeongwook Choi ◽  
Gimoon Jeong ◽  
Doosun Kang
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Detection Model

Water pipe leaks due to seismic damage are more difficult to detect than bursts, and such leaks, if not repaired in a timely manner, can eventually reduce supply pressure and generate both pollutant penetration risks and economic losses. Therefore, leaks must be promptly identified, and damaged pipes must be replaced or repaired. Leak-detection using equipment in the field is accurate; however, it is a considerably labor-intensive process that necessitates expensive equipment. Therefore, indirect leak detection methods applicable before fieldwork are necessary. In this study, a computer-based, multiple-leak-detection model is developed. The proposed technique uses observational data, such as the pressure and flow rate, in conjunction with an optimization method and hydraulic analysis simulations, to improve detection efficiency (DE) for multiple leaks in the field. A novel approach is proposed, i.e., use of a cascade and iteration search algorithms to effectively detect multiple leaks (with the unknown locations, quantities, and sizes encountered in real-world situations) due to large-scale disasters, such as earthquakes. This method is verified through application to small block-scale water distribution networks (WDNs), and the DE is analyzed. The proposed detection model can be used for efficient leak detection and the repair of WDNs following earthquakes.

scholarly journals Optimization of water distribution networks using a modified particle swarm optimization algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 660-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas F. Surco ◽  
Thelma P. B. Vecchi ◽  
Mauro A. S. S. Ravagnani
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Benchmark Problems ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Local Optima

Abstract In the present work, a model is presented for the optimization of water distribution networks (WDN). The developed model can be used to verify node pressures, head losses, and fluid flow rate and velocity in each pipe. The algorithm is based on particle swarm optimization (PSO), considering real and discrete variables and avoiding premature convergence to local optima using objective function penalization. The model yields the minimum cost of the network, the node pressures and the velocities in the pipes. The pressures and velocities are calculated using the hydraulic simulator Epanet. Some benchmark problems are used to test the applicability of the developed model, considering WDN for small-, medium-, and large-scale problems. Obtained results are consistent with those found in the literature.

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