scholarly journals Duration of the pubertal growth spurt in patients with increased craniofacial growth component in sagittal and vertical planes—retrospective and cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Szemraj-Folmer ◽  
Anna Wojtaszek-Słomińska ◽  
Bogna Racka-Pilszak ◽  
Małgorzata Kuc-Michalska
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Class I ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group I

Abstract Objectives The aim of the study is to assess the skeletal age at the onset and end of the pubertal growth spurt and determine its duration in four growth type groups: (1) normodivergent skeletal Class I (I N), (2) normodivergent skeletal Class III (III N), (3) high-angle skeletal Class III (III H) and (4) high-angle skeletal Class I (I H). Materials and methods Two hundred thirteen subjects were selected from 2163 examined files. The cervical vertebral maturation stage was recorded by means of Baccetti’s method. The sagittal and vertical skeletal relations were evaluated according to Steiner analysis with Kaminek’s modification. The duration of the pubertal growth spurt was calculated from the difference between the means of the chronological age related to CS3 and CS4 maturation stages. Results The shortest lasting pubertal growth spurt was observed in group I N (1.1), followed by group III N (1.6). Major differences between arithmetic means CS4-CS3 were seen in groups I H and III H (2.3 and 2.7, respectively). Conclusions The following tendency was observed in the duration of the pubertal growth spurt: I N < III N < I H < III H. This tendency has statistical significance only in high-angle patients in comparison with normodivergent skeletal Class I. Clinical relevance Knowledge on the longer pubertal growth spurt in high-angle patients compared to patients with normal anteroposterior and vertical relationships can be useful in the selection of an appropriate therapeutic method and a treatment time.

scholarly journals Time and pattern of the fusion of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis in patients with skeletal Class I and Class III malocclusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-479
Author(s):  
Jae-Hee Yang ◽  
Bong-Kuen Cha ◽  
Dong-Soon Choi ◽  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
Insan Jang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Class I ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Stage System

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the time and pattern of fusion of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis in patients with skeletal Class I and Class III malocclusion using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: A total of 262 CBCT images were collected: 140 skeletal Class I (0° &lt; ANB &lt; 4°; 71 males, 69 females) and 122 skeletal Class III (ANB ≤ 0°; 61 males and 61 females). The fusion stages were identified using CBCT images of a six-stage system defined by the appearance of osseous cores and ossifying vestige in the synchondrosis. The age distributions of each stage and the pattern of fusion were evaluated. Results: The stages of fusion progressed with increasing age (P &lt; .05, r = .824), and the age distributions in the female groups were generally 1 to 3 years younger than those in the male groups. However, no significant differences were observed between the skeletal Class I and Class III groups regarding the time of ossification of the synchondrosis. The osseous cores appeared most frequently in the supero-center part, followed by the mid-center part of the synchondrosis. Conclusions: The time and pattern of fusion of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis are not apparently different between patients with Class I malocclusion and those with Class III malocclusion. The osseous cores appear frequently in the supero-center and mid-center of the synchondrosis with various patterns before the end of the pubertal growth spurt period.

Vertical and Sagittal Growth in Patients with Unilateral and Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate—A Retrospective Cephalometric Evaluation

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 512-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra I. Holst ◽  
Stefan Holst ◽  
Emeka Nkenke ◽  
Matthias Fenner ◽  
Ursula Hirschfelder
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Class I ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Male Patients

Objective: To investigate whether the craniofacial vertical and sagittal jaw relationship in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) differed from that of age-matched noncleft controls, before and after the pubertal growth spurt. Design: Retrospective observational study. Patients: The study group comprised 126 patients with CLP, subdivided according to gender and cleft type, and the control group comprised 53 age-matched skeletal class I patients. Methods: Angular and linear measurements were taken from prepubertal and postpubertal lateral cephalograms of all patients. Results: In patients with cleft lip and palate, the maxillary retrognathism became more remarkable with increasing age; whereas, the retrognathic position of the mandible became less pronounced as compared with controls. Reduced posterior midfacial height, a common prepubertal finding in patients with cleft lip and palate, was significant in postpubertal girls and young women with unilateral cleft lip and palate (p  =  .002). The total anterior facial height in male patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate was larger than in control patients (p  =  .002) after the pubertal growth spurt due to an increased anterior midfacial height. In male patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, this finding was due to an increased anterior lower facial height (p < .001). Conclusions: Patients with cleft lip and palate treated according to a standardized treatment concept had adequate craniofacial jaw relationships after puberty. Despite a measured skeletal class I in both male and female patients with cleft lip and palate regardless of cleft type, there was a slight tendency toward a skeletal class III. Findings were similar for all groups of cleft lip and palate patients irrespective of the type of orthodontic treatment performed.

scholarly journals Cervical Posture and Skeletal Malocclusions – Is there a Link?

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Sanam Tauheed ◽  
Attiya Shaikh ◽  
Mubassar Fida
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Cervical Posture

Background: The present study was conducted in order to determine cervical posture in different skeletal sagittal malocclusions as well as to assess whether a correlation existed between cervical posture and skeletal relationships. Methods: Cervical curvature and inclination of 63 subjects was assessed using their lateral cephalometric radiographs. Cervical inclination was assessed using the cervicohorizontal postural variables namely OPT/HOR and CVT/HOR whereas cervical curvature was determined by measuring the angle OPT/CVT. Sagittally, the subjects were also categorized into skeletal Class I, II and III based on the angle ANB. One way ANOVA was used for the comparison of cervical posture in different skeletal sagittal malocclusions. Pearson’s correlation was used to evaluate the correlation of cervical posture with different skeletal sagittal jaw relations. Statistical significance level was set at p≤0.05. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the different skeletal malocclusions for the cervical curvature angle OPT/CVT (p=0.025). A weak correlation of cervical curvature angle OPT/CVT (r=0.305, p=0.016) with sagittal malocclusion was found.  Conclusions: Skeletal sagittal malocclusions differ in their cervical postures, especially  cervical curvature. Skeletal Class III subjects have significantly straighter cervical columns than skeletal Class I subjects. Cervical curvature is correlated with sagittal jaw relations.  Keywords: cervical curvature; cervical posture; skeletal sagittal malocclusions .  

scholarly journals Skeletal maturation in individuals with Down's syndrome: Comparison between PGS curve, cervical vertebrae and bones of the hand and wrist

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauber Carinhena ◽  
Danilo Furquim Siqueira ◽  
Eduardo Kazuo Sannomiya
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Ossification Centers ◽  
Level Of Agreement

INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted with the aim of adapting the methods developed by Martins and Sakima to assess skeletal maturation by cervical vertebrae in the pubertal growth spurt (PGS) curve. It also aimed to test the reliability and agreement between those methods and the method of hand and wrist radiograph when compared two by two and all together. METHODS: The sample comprised 72 radiographs, with 36 lateral radiographs of the head and 36 hand-wrist radiographs of 36 subjects with Down's syndrome (DS), 13 female and 23 male, aged between 8 years and 6 months and 18 years and 7 months, with an average age of 13 years and 10 months. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Results revealed that adapting the methods developed by Martins and Sakima to assess skeletal maturation by cervical vertebrae in the curve of PGS is practical and useful in determining the stage of growth and development of individuals. The stages of maturation evaluated by cervical vertebrae and ossification centers observed in radiographs of the hand and wrist were considered reliable, with excellent level of agreement between the methods by Hassel and Farman as well as Baccetti, Franchi and McNamara Jr and Martins and Sakima. Additionally, results revealed an agreement that ranged between reasonable to good for the three methods used to assess the skeletal maturation, showing statistical significance.

scholarly journals Reliability of Growth Indicators and Efficiency of Functional Treatment for Skeletal Class II Malocclusion: Current Evidence and Controversies

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Perinetti ◽  
Luca Contardo
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Functional Treatment ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Growth Indicators

Current evidence on the reliability of growth indicators in the identification of the pubertal growth spurt and efficiency of functional treatment for skeletal Class II malocclusion, the timing of which relies on such indicators, is highly controversial. Regarding growth indicators, the hand and wrist (including the sole middle phalanx of the third finger) maturation method and the standing height recording appear to be most reliable. Other methods are subjected to controversies or were showed to be unreliable. Main sources of controversies include use of single stages instead of ossification events and diagnostic reliability conjecturally based on correlation analyses. Regarding evidence on the efficiency of functional treatment, when treated during the pubertal growth spurt, more favorable response is seen in skeletal Class II patients even though large individual responsiveness remains. Main sources of controversies include design of clinical trials, definition of Class II malocclusion, and lack of inclusion of skeletal maturity among the prognostic factors. While no growth indicator may be considered to have a full diagnostic reliability in the identification of the pubertal growth spurt, their use may still be recommended for increasing efficiency of functional treatment for skeletal Class II malocclusion.

scholarly journals Serum DHEA-S levels could be used as a comparable diagnostic test to assess the pubertal growth spurt in dentofacial orthopedics

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Anusuya ◽  
Amit Nagar ◽  
Pradeep Tandon ◽  
G. K. Singh ◽  
Gyan Prakash Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Dentofacial Orthopedics

Prepubertal urinary estrogen excretion and its relationship with pubertal timing

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (6) ◽  
pp. E990-E997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijie Shi ◽  
Thomas Remer ◽  
Anette E. Buyken ◽  
Michaela F. Hartmann ◽  
Philipp Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Breast Development ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Estrogen Production

Whether prepubertal estrogen production impacts on the timing of puberty is not clear. We aimed to investigate prepubertal 24-h estrogen excretion levels and their association with early and late pubertal markers. Daily urinary excretion rates of estrogens of 132 healthy children, who provided 24-h urine samples 1 and 2 yr before the start of the pubertal growth spurt [age at takeoff (ATO)], were quantified by stable isotope dilution/GC-MS. E-sum3 (estrone + estradiol + estriol) was used as a marker for potentially bioactive estrogen metabolites and E-sum5 (E-sum3 + 16-epiestriol + 16-ketoestradiol) for total estrogen production. Pubertal outcomes were ATO, age at peak height velocity (APHV), duration of pubertal growth acceleration (APHV-ATO), age at Tanner stage 2 for pubic hair (PH2), genital (G2, boys) and breast (B2, girls) development, and age at menarche. Prepubertal urinary estrogen excretions (E-sum3 and E-sum5) were not associated with ATO, APHV, and age at PH2 but with duration of pubertal growth acceleration ( P < 0.01) in both sexes. Girls with higher E-sum3 reached B2 0.9 yr ( P = 0.04) and menarche 0.3 yr earlier ( P = 0.04) than girls with lower E-sum3. E-sum3 was not associated with age at G2 in boys ( P = 0.6). For most pubertal variables, the associations with E-sum3 were stronger than with E-sum5. In conclusion, prepubertal estrogens may not be critical for the onset of the pubertal growth spurt but are correlated with its duration in both boys and girls. Prepubertal estrogen levels may already predict the timing of girls' menstruation and breast development but do not appear to affect sexual maturation in boys.

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