scholarly journals Economic tradeoff between domestic well impact and reduced agricultural production with groundwater drought management: Tulare County, California (USA), case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Stone ◽  
Robert M. Gailey ◽  
Jay R. Lund
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Management ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Policy Alternatives ◽  
Groundwater Drought ◽  
Formal Policy ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Tulare County

AbstractFormal policy analysis can aid resource management where groundwater is used intensively. Approaches for developing equitable and effective pumping allocations for drought are evaluated in the context of the 2012–2016 drought in Tulare County, California, USA. Potential economic impacts of policy alternatives on two user groups with conflicting interests are considered. Tradeoffs between losses of agricultural profit and response costs for domestic wells that run dry are estimated for various maximum groundwater depth policies. A welfare maximizing approach for identifying policies that limit depth to groundwater is evaluated and found to be ineffective because agricultural opportunity costs are much larger than domestic well costs. Adding a fee for additional drought groundwater pumping is proposed as a more impactful and balanced management policy approach. For the case study presented, a fee range of $300 to $600/acre-foot ($300–$600/1,233 m3) yielded an effective groundwater management policy for reducing domestic well impacts from drought and balancing agricultural impacts of drought with the need to replenish additional drought pumping in wetter years. Recent management policies enacted in the study area agree with this finding. These results may provide a useful perspective for analytically examining and developing groundwater management policies near the study area and elsewhere.

Education Collections: Case Study in Their Use to Replace Permanent Collection Objects

Collections ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-354
Author(s):  
Elaine Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Living ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Collections Management ◽  
Education Department ◽  
Final Project ◽  
Northern Arizona ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Formal Policy ◽  
Major Shift

The use of an education collection in nontraditional museum settings is presented as a case study based on work at the Museum of Northern Arizona (MNA) between 2004 and 2020. MNA sought to resolve the use of permanent collections in nontraditional museums settings, specifically as decoration in an historic homestead complex and display in an assisted living facility, through the use, instead, of education objects. Historically, there was no distinction between education and permanent collections at MNA, but with the founding of an Education Division in 1975, a separate education collection began to grow. Recognizing the need to manage these assets, MNA staff developed a system to document and track these holdings and worked to sync policy with process. MNA updated its Collections Management Policy section on its education collection with a major shift in responsibility for documenting these holdings from the Education Department to the Collections Department. With a documented procedure and formal policy, MNA is set to complete the final project in 2020. MNA’s experience illustrates that an education collection can be used for more than hands-on experience. When used as decorative or display pieces, an education collection can serve to enrich our lives.

How is the Role of Ecosystem Services Considered in Local Level Flood Management Policies: Case Study in Cumbria, England

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazmul Huq ◽  
Alexander Stubbings
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Flood Risk Management ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Management Policies

The purpose of the paper is to investigate how local level flood policies consider Natural Flood Management (NFM) as a risk reduction mechanism in England. Methods used include a review of European and English national legislative and other flood management policy instruments as well as a case study of Cumbria County’s local flood management policies. The legislative and other policy instruments at both European and English national level demonstrated increasing level of NFM consideration for local flood risk management. In Cumbrian context, flood management policies are mostly aligned to the traditional structural defence-based approach; however, emergence and importance of non-structural measures including NFM are clearly evident, are visibly influenced by the European and national policies. The numbers of potential NFM actions in local flood policies are nonetheless insignificant compared to the NFM potentials, but these can be worked in as a starting point for wider scale consideration and implementation.

Agricultural production in Hani Rice Terraces System and related threats — a case study of Zuofu and Mitian Villages in Honghe County, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 698-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Ying BAI ◽  
Fei LUN ◽  
Zhi CAO ◽  
Lu HE ◽  
Xing-Chen LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production

scholarly journals Science Informed Policies for Managing Water

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Loucks
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Information Policy ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Multiple Impacts ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Science Policy Interface ◽  
Management Policies

Water resource management policies impact how water supplies are protected, collected, stored, treated, distributed, and allocated among multiple users and purposes. Water resource policies influence the decisions made regarding the siting, design, and operation of infrastructure needed to achieve the underlying goals of these policies. Water management policies vary by region depending on particular hydrologic, economic, environmental, and social conditions, but in all cases they will have multiple impacts affecting these conditions. Science can provide estimates of various economic, ecologic, environmental, and even social impacts of alternative policies, impacts that determine how effective any particular policy may be. These impact estimates can be used to compare and evaluate alternative policies in the search for identifying the best ones to implement. Among all scientists providing inputs to policy making processes are analysts who develop and apply models that provide these estimated impacts and, possibly, their probabilities of occurrence. However, just producing them is not a guarantee that they will be considered by policy makers. This paper reviews various aspects of the science-policy interface and factors that can influence what information policy makers need from scientists. This paper suggests some ways scientists and analysts can contribute to and inform those making water management policy decisions. Brief descriptions of some water management policy making examples illustrate some successes and failures of science informing and influencing policy.

scholarly journals The influence of common property rights on forest management policy: a case study in Sardinia region, Italy

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Paletto ◽  
Isabella De Meo ◽  
Fabrizio Ferretti
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Private Forests ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Common

Abstract The property rights and the type of ownership (private owners, public domain and commons) are two fundamental concepts in relationship to the local development and to the social and environmental sustainability. Common forests were established in Europe since the Middle Ages, but over the centuries the importance of commons changed in parallel with economic and social changes. In recent decades, the scientific debate focused on the forest management efficiency and sustainability of this type of ownership in comparison to the public and private property. In Italy common forests have a long tradition with substantial differences in the result of historical evolution in various regions. In Sardinia region the private forests are 377.297 ha, the public forests are 201.324 ha, while around 120.000 ha are commons. The respect of the common rights changed in the different historical periods. Today, the common lands are managed directly by municipalities or indirectly through third parties, in both cases the involvement of members of community is very low. The main objective of the paper is to analyse forest management differences in public institutions with and without common property rights. To achieve the objective of the research the forest management preferences of community members and managers were evaluated and compared. The analysis was realized through the use of the principal-agent model and it has been tested in a case study in Sardinia region (Arci-Grighine district). The analysis of the results showed that the categories of actors considered (members of community, municipalities and managers) have a marked productive profile, but municipalities manage forests perceiving a moderate multifunctionality. Moreover, the representatives of the municipalities pay more attention to the interests of the collectivity in comparison to the external managers. They also attribute high importance to environmental and social forest functions.

THE POLITICAL ECOLOGY OF ‘INCURSIONS’: LIVESTOCK, PROTECTED AREAS AND SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS IN THE MARA REGION OF KENYA

Africa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Butt
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Dominant Narratives ◽  
Mara Region

ABSTRACTAcross the world, the presence of domestic animals in protected areas (PAs) is considered an ‘incursion’ that threatens the economic and ecological viability of these areas. Dominant narratives about incursions inaccurately describe the relationships between people and PAs because they lack adequate contextualization. In this paper, I rely on a political-ecological framework to argue for an alternative narrative. Through a case study from a PA in southern Kenya, I demonstrate how incursions are instead modern co-productions that arise from the intersections between changing political geographies of resource control and variable animal geographies of resource utilization – thus clarifying a long-standing debate about the presence of domestic animals in PAs. I rely on direct empirical and supporting evidence from place-based studies to illustrate the spatial and temporal differences in resource access strategies of wildlife and livestock within and outside the PA. I contrast these against changing land tenure and resource management policies to highlight how livestock movements into PAs are patterned in ways that reflect the changing nature of PA management, the material conditions of the landscape, and the agency of animals. Through these investigations, this paper provides a more accurate and nuanced explanation for livestock movements into PAs.

Exploring the water–energy–food nexus from a perspective of agricultural production efficiency using a three-stage data envelopment analysis modelling evaluation method: a case study of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiazhong Zheng ◽  
Weiguang Wang ◽  
Dan Chen ◽  
Xinchun Cao ◽  
Wanqiu Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Agricultural Resources ◽  
Important Challenge

Abstract A coordinated nexus of agricultural resources is vital to achieve food security and sustainable development in China. Comprehensively considering the water–energy–food nexus as well as the external environment, this study adopts a three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) modelling evaluation method to assess the agricultural production efficiency (APE) of seven provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLYR) during 1996–2015. The results show that the three-stage DEA modelling evaluation method reveals real APE and is considered to be a better quantitative method than conventional approaches. A gradually widening range of APE is an important challenge for this region. Significantly, this region generates huge demands for agricultural resources. Moreover, regional emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) decreased from 34.20 million tons standard coal in 1996 to 32.11 million tons standard coal in 2015, though APE has continued to decrease by 2.56% in the past two decades. In general, the management and technology levels should be improved simultaneously, even though specific opportunities for APE improvement vary across provinces in MLYR. However, understanding the temporal and spatial variation of APE along with the WEF nexus from a production-based insight is a vital step toward appropriately targeted policy making for nationwide resources savings and emissions reduction.

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