Combining regional to local restoration goals in the Brazilian Atlantic forest

AbstractTo achieve regional and international large-scale restoration goals with minimum costs, several restoration commitments rely on natural regeneration, a passive and inexpensive strategy. However, natural regeneration potential may vary within the landscape, mainly due to its historical context. In this work, we use spatially explicit restoration scenarios to explore how and where, within a given region, multiple restoration commitments could be combined to achieve cost-effectiveness outcomes. Our goal is to facilitate the elaboration of forest restoration plans at the regional level, taking into consideration the costs for active and passive restoration methods. The approach includes (1) a statistical analysis to estimate the natural regeneration potential for a given area based on alternative sets of biophysical, land cover, and/or socioeconomic factors and (2) the use of a land change allocation model to explore the cost-effectiveness of combining multiple restoration commitments in a given area through alternative scenarios. We test our approach in a strategic region in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Biome, the Paraiba Valley in São Paulo State. Using the available data for 2011, calibrated for 2015, we build alternative scenarios for allocating natural regeneration until 2025. Our models indicate that the natural regeneration potential of the region is actually very low, and the cost-effectiveness outcomes are similar for all scenarios. We believe our approach can be used to support the regional-level decision-making about the implementation of multiple commitments aiming at the same target area. It can also be combined with other approaches for more refined analysis (e.g., optimization models).

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Reassessing the Cost-Effectiveness of High-Provitamin A Bananas to Reduce Vitamin A Deficiency in Uganda

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems ◽

10.3389/fsufs.2021.649424 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Author(s):

Marta Kozicka ◽

Julia Elsey ◽

Beatrice Ekesa ◽

Susan Ajambo ◽

Enoch Kikulwe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Vitamin A Deficiency ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Provitamin A ◽

Disability Adjusted Life ◽

Alternative Scenarios ◽

And Shifts ◽

The Cost ◽

Disability Adjusted Life Year ◽

Promotion Campaigns

There are two high-provitamin A (pVA) banana-based interventions potentially available in Uganda—biofortified genetically modified (GM) banana and fast-tracked banana landraces from outside Uganda that are naturally high in provitamin A (nHpVA). Based on the newest country statistics and using adoption scenarios obtained through focus group discussions and expert interviews, we assess obstacles and opportunities for adoption as well as cost-effectiveness of these interventions. In two alternative scenarios for the GM banana (M9 matooke), we assume 40% and 64% adoption rates, which would result in US$29,374,151 and US$63,259,415 in income saved, respectively. As an alternative, for the symmetrical scenarios, we calculate that if the nHpVA banana (Apantu plantain, native of Ghana) were to be adopted, US$46,100,148 and US$76,364,988 in income would be saved. Taking into account the full cost of R&D, we estimate that the M9 matooke could save one disability-adjusted life year (DALY) at a cost of US$67.37 at best and US$145.09 at worst. We estimate that the Apantu plantain could save one DALY at a cost of US$50.54 at best and US$83.72 at worst. Our DALY analysis estimates that all assessed HpVA banana interventions are extremely cost-effective in all scenarios, following both the World Bank's and the WHO criteria. Nevertheless, successful interventions would require extensive promotion campaigns and shifts in agricultural value chains.

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The role of natural regeneration to ecosystem services provision and habitat availability: a case study in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Biotropica ◽

10.1111/btp.12393 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 (6) ◽

pp. 890-899 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Bernardo B. N. Strassburg ◽

Felipe S. M. Barros ◽

Renato Crouzeilles ◽

Alvaro Iribarrem ◽

Juliana Silveira dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Services ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Natural Regeneration ◽

Habitat Availability ◽

Brazilian Atlantic Forest

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Natural Regeneration in Plantations of Native Trees in Lowland Brazilian Atlantic Forest: Community Structure, Diversity, and Dispersal Syndromes

Restoration Ecology ◽

10.1111/j.1526-100x.2009.00556.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 379-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Jerônimo Boelsums Barreto Sansevero ◽

Pablo Viany Prieto ◽

Luiz Fernando Duarte de Moraes ◽

Pablo JoséFrancisco Pena Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Natural Regeneration ◽

Forest Community ◽

Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽

Dispersal Syndromes ◽

Native Trees ◽

Structure Diversity

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Early Response of Soil Properties under Different Restoration Strategies in Tropical Hotspot

Land ◽

10.3390/land10080768 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 768

Author(s):

Katarzyna A. Koryś ◽

Agnieszka E. Latawiec ◽

Maiara S. Mendes ◽

Jerônimo B. B. Sansevero ◽

Aline F. Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Ecosystem Services ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Natural Regeneration ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Early Stage ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽

The Impact

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest has undergone adverse land-use change due to deforestation for urbanization and agriculture. Numerous restoration initiatives have been taken to restore its ecosystem services. Deforested areas have been restored through active intervention or natural regeneration. Understanding the impact of those different reforestation approaches on soil quality should provide important scientific and practical conclusions on increasing forest cover in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome. However, studies evaluating active planting versus natural regeneration in terms of soil recovery are scarce. We evaluate soil dynamics under those two contrasting strategies at an early stage (<10 years). Reforestation was conducted simultaneously on degraded lands previously used for cattle grazing and compared to an abandoned pasture as a reference system. We examined soil physicochemical properties such as: pH, soil organic matter content, soil moisture, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu, Al, and soil texture. We also present the costs of both methods. We found significant differences in restored areas regarding pH, Na, Fe, Mn content, and the cost. Soil moisture was significantly higher in pasture. Our research can contribute to better decision-making about which restoration strategy to adopt to maximize restoration success regarding soil quality and ecosystem services in the tropics.

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