Port Capability Evaluation from the Perspective of Supply Chain

Today’s ports have become an important node in the global supply chain. It is particularly important to make a scientific assessment of the comprehensive capabilities of the port and to provide a reference for the long-term development of the port. From the perspective of the supply chain, this article first selects the evaluation indicators that affect the port’s capabilities from four aspects of port resource ownership, control management, comprehensive services, and innovation-driven aspect. Secondly, we use the expert scoring method to judge the importance of the evaluation indicators and build a scientific and independent port capacity evaluation system from the perspective of the supply chain. Then, this paper uses the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight coefficients of each evaluation index and uses the gray cluster analysis method of the triangular whitening weight function based on the center point to establish a qualitative and quantitative port capacity evaluation model from the perspective of the supply chain. Finally, we take a port in Northeast Asia as an example to conduct an empirical analysis to verify the feasibility of the port capacity evaluation system and model from the perspective of the supply chain constructed in this paper. The research results of this article can well analyze the port’s resource ownership, control and management capabilities, comprehensive service capabilities, and innovation-driven capabilities and provide a practical and effective theoretical basis for the port’s key development directions.

On challenges to respect for autonomous decision making in primary care

Primary health care is characterised by timely and appropriate health care access, delivered continuously over time to a specific population, providing a comprehensive service, with coordination of care for those that need it. Practitioners deal with a multiplicity of clinical issues within longitudinal relationships, embedded in the context of families and communities. We propose that these aspects of primary care have a bearing on how matters of decision making are considered and implemented. Further, the standard account of autonomous decision making is not wholly adequate when applied to clinician–patient encounters in primary care. We add considerations of the impact of illness (however defined) and self-identity as also relevant to a more measured and full account. The context of primary care is quite different from that of secondary care. Although there are generalists who work in hospitals, we argue that this aspect and the other attributes of primary care generate special ethical considerations. One of these is how autonomy, or more fully, how respect for the principle of autonomy is considered and operationalised in community practice. In this study, we describe some theoretical aspects of autonomy and seek to apply, and challenge, these aspects in the context of clinical work in primary care. In doing so we will review the descriptors of primary care: why in essence it is different from other contexts of clinical work.

Research on Comprehensive Evaluation of Service Capability of the Third-Party Logistics Suppliers with AHP and Gray Entropy Theory

To solve the problem of third-party logistics (3PL) evaluation and selection, a hybrid method with AHP and gray theory is proposed. First, the literature review about the 3PL evaluation method and technology is introduced. Furthermore, TPL comprehensive service capability evaluation system is established from aspects of service, time, cost and enterprise qualification. Besides, a comprehensive evaluation model process with gray entropy and AHP is introduced. Finally, a detailed evaluation process of 3PL supplier service capability in F company is introduced by an example, and the results show that the evaluation method in the paper is helpful to choose the TPL for logistics outsourcing.

Roles and reimbursement of pharmacists as South Africa transitions towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC): An online survey-based study

Background The implementation of Universal Health Coverage in SA has sought to focus on promoting affordable health care services that are accessible to all citizens. In this regard, pharmacists are expected to play a pivotal function in the revitalization of primary health care (PHC) during this transition by the expansion of their practice roles. Objectives To assess the readiness and perceptions of pharmacists to expand their roles in an integrated health care system. To determine the availability and pricing of primary health care services currently provided within a community pharmacy environment and to evaluate suitable reimbursement for the provision of such services by a community pharmacist. Methods Community pharmacists’ across SA were invited to participate in an online survey-based study. The survey consisted of both open- and closed-ended questions. Descriptive statistics for closed-ended questions were generated and analysed using Microsoft Excel® and Survey Monkey®. Responses for the open-ended questions were transcribed, analysed, and reported as emerging themes. Results Six hundred and sixty-four pharmacists’ responded to the online survey. Seventy-five percent of pharmacists’ reported that with appropriate training, a transition into a more patient-centered role might be beneficial in the re-engineering of the PHC system. However, in order to adopt these new roles, appropriate reimbursement structures are required. The current fee levied by pharmacists in community pharmacies that offered these PHC services was found to be lower to that recommended by the South African Pharmacy Council; this disparity is primarily due to a lack of information and policy standardisation. Therefore, in order to ensure that fees levied are fair, comprehensive service package guidelines are required. Conclusions This study provides baseline data for policy makers on pharmacists’ readiness to transition into expanded roles. Furthermore, it can be used as a foundation to establish appropriate reimbursement frameworks for pharmacists providing PHC services.

Analysis and optimization of 15-minute community life circle based on supply and demand matching: A case study of Shanghai

The 15-minute community life circle (15min-CLC) strategy is one of Shanghai’s important methods for building a global city and facing a society with a more diverse population structure in the future. In the existing research, the balance between the construction of the life circle and the needs of the people in the life circle still needs to be further fulfilled. This paper is based on the city’s multi-source large data set including 2018 AutoNavi POI (Point of Interests), OSM (OpenStreetMap) road network data and LandScan population data set, and evaluates the current status of Shanghai’s 15min-CLC through the fusion of kernel density estimation, service area analysis and other statistical models and proposes relevant optimization suggestions. The results show that there are the following shortcomings: (1) From the perspective of different types of infrastructure service facilities, the spatial construction of Shanghai’s overall life service facilities and shopping service facilities needs to be optimized. (2) From the perspective of comprehensive evaluation, the comprehensive service convenience of infrastructure service facilities in the downtown area is relatively high, while the comprehensive service convenience of urban infrastructure service facilities in the suburbs and outer suburbs is relatively low; The diversity of basic service facilities in the 15min-CLC in the downtown area is more consistent with the population distribution; However, in the peripheral areas of the urban area, too many infrastructure service facilities have been constructed. Based on the above shortcomings and the perspective of supply and demand matching, relevant optimization strategies are proposed in different regions and different types of infrastructure service facilities: (1) focus on the construction of basic service facilities in the urban fringe and urban-rural areas, improve the full coverage of the basic service facilities, and appropriately reduce the number of basic service facilities in the downtown area. (2) The development of community business models can be used to promote the development of new life service facilities and shopping service facilities. (3) Improve community medical institutions through facility function conversion, merger and reconstruction, etc. (4) Optimize the hierarchical basic service facility system and improve the population supporting facilities of basic service facilities in the 15min-CLC. This paper incorporates people’s needs and concerns on the living environment into the 15min-CLC evaluation model, and uses Shanghai as an example to conduct research, summarizes the existing shortcomings, and proposes corresponding optimization strategies based on the matching of supply and demand. This article attempts to explore a replicable 15min-CLC planning model, so that it can be extended to the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, to provide reference for further research on the 15min-CLC, and to promote urban construction under the concept of sustainable development.

Design and Application of Health Education Apps based on Wechat for Self-management Among Patients: Observational Study (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Health Education Apps is more welcomed due to it`s efficiency ,intelligence, convenience .While, needs on health knowledge of patients have still not satisfied, education on traditional booklet-based and verbal is less efficiency and vivid , tendency of technology make this revolution to convert traditional ones. OBJECTIVE We aimed to design and test the effectiveness of a smart education Apps for self-management among patients. METHODS Firstly,a multidisciplinary research team worked together to design and conduct the research. With their help, we have redesigned it like some personalized changes for patients needs. Secondly,we choosed the questionnaire on the Comprehensive Service Platform for the Elderly self-designed by CHENYu to investigate. A purposive sample of 34 users have tested to evaluate users` satisfaction. RESULTS It have successfully applied in 22 wards among 23159 patients,sent 40440 chapters about information sent by smart-phone to patients during March 2019 to January 2021. The investigate data showed that 91.2% participants evaluated the evaluation effect of this one was good compared with the paper version.85.3% wanted to continue to receive medical education information after discharge from hospital.The top four most popular kinds of medical education information like to receive were drug administration, disease prevention, nursing, home care. The top four most popular kinds of user` suggestions were one-on-one online Q & A, continue to see every session, free Wifi.Satisfaction of Apps application was good. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that this Apps was welcomed due to help patients increase the knowledge level of disease to do self-management better.

Survey of UI Design Needs for Integrated Service Apps in Large Hospitals are the Medical Industry-Based on a Case Study in Zhengzhou

The improvement of Service Apps has a strong driving effect on the overall improvement of the medical industry. Besides, it is more conducive to the prevention and control of the COVID-19 outbreak for patients with chronic and mild diseases to use the online inquiry. Therefore, in this paper, the status quo of comprehensive service design for large-scale hospitals in Zhengzhou, China is analyzed and summarized, and the necessary requirements for establishing a unified UI (User Interface) design centered on users (patients) are studied, in order to enhance and improve the design content of inappropriate placement and use of UI.Using the existing model of integrated services, an evaluation project is proposed for users. A survey study is made on investigating the needs for UI design in large general hospitals from a service perspective based on relevant theories, which aims to achieve enhancement of the hospital system, reach work productivity and increase brand-name value of hospital services. It involves the lack of unity of information systems and user confusion due to the different forms. To solve this problem, user-centric UI design includes a coherent interface, an experiential design component, and a visual component. Therefore, in this study, the network service App and UI design needs of large hospitals in Zhengzhou City are investigated and summarized.Based on the situational design method, the user centered design fully considers the user needs in different situations and gives feedback, so as to improve the user experience. The integrated design model of service design created in this study will help large general hospitals in Zhengzhou to establish organic, efficient and high-quality health care services, and realize a general hospital system to improve service experience and service satisfaction for all users.

APPLICATION AND PLATFORM DESIGN OF GEOSPATIAL BIG DATA

With the wide application of Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things in geographic information technology and industry, geospatial big data arises at the historic moment. In addition to the traditional "5V" characteristics of big data, which are Volume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity and Valuable, geospatial big data also has the characteristics of "Location Attribute". At present, the study of geospatial big data are mainly concentrated in: knowledge mining and discovery of geospatial data, Spatiotemporal big data mining, the impact of geospatial big data on visualization, social perception and smart city, geospatial big data services for government decision-making support four aspects. Based on the connotation and extension of geospatial big data, this paper comprehensively defines geospatial big data comprehensively. The application of geospatial big data in location visualization, industrial thematic geographic information comprehensive service and geographic data science and knowledge service is introduced in detail. Furthermore, the key technologies and design indicators of the National Geospatial Big Data Platform are elaborated from the perspectives of infrastructure, functional requirements and non-functional requirements, and the design and application of the National Geospatial Public Service Big Data Platform are illustrated. The challenges and opportunities of geospatial big data are discussed from the perspectives of open resource sharing, management decision support and data security. Finally, the development trend and direction of geospatial big data are summarized and prospected, so as to build a high-quality geospatial big data platform and play a greater role in social public application services and administrative management decision-making.