Start-up and inhibition analysis of the Anammox process seeded with anaerobic granular sludge

Three kinds of seeding sludge, i.e. conventional activated sludge, anaerobic granular sludge and the nitrifying activated sludge from the nitritation reactor treating aged leachates were evaluated in batch mode to screen the optimized inoculum for the rapid start-up of ANAMMOX reactor. The feasibility of the ANAMMOX process for the treatment of aged leachates was also investigated in a modified upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB, 0.05m3). The batch experiments revealed that the nitrifying activated sludge from the nitritation reactor could respectively achieve the NRR (nitrogen removal rate) of 0.0365 kg N/(m3.d) and the ARR (ammonium removal rate) of 0.013 kg N/(m3.d) on day 12, which were greatly higher than those of the other two tested sludge samples. The mixture of the aforementioned nitrifying activated sludge and anaerobic granular sludge was established as an effective inoculum for the prompt start-up of ANAMMOX reactor. The maximum total nitrogen removal rate of 0.826 kg N/(m3.d) could be obtained for the treatment of “old” leachates under NLR (nitrogen loading rate) of 1.028 kg N/(m3.d). It is concluded that the N-removal performance of ANAMMOX process is still to be improved for actual engineering application to aged landfill leachates.

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Full-scale granular sludge Anammox process

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2007.238 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (8-9) ◽

pp. 27-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 95

Author(s):

W.R. Abma ◽

C.E. Schultz ◽

J.W. Mulder ◽

W.R.L. van der Star ◽

M. Strous ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Granular Sludge ◽

Full Scale ◽

High Density ◽

Stable Operation ◽

Loading Rates ◽

Start Up ◽

Anammox Process ◽

Anammox Granular Sludge

The start-up of the first full scale Anammox reactor is complete. The reactor shows stable operation, even at loading rates of 10 kg N/m3.d. This performance is the result of the formation of Anammox granules, which have a high density and settling velocities exceeding 100 m/h. With this performance, the Anammox granular sludge technology has been proven on full scale.

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The Start -up and Inhibition Analysis of Anammox Process in a UASB Reactor Using Activated Sludge and Anaerobic Digestion Sludge as Seed Sludge

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers Ser G (Environmental Research) ◽

10.2208/jscejer.69.iii_515 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 69 (7) ◽

pp. III_515-III_522

Author(s):

Yanlong ZHANG ◽

Qigui NIU ◽

Yu-you LI

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Activated Sludge ◽

Uasb Reactor ◽

Start Up ◽

Seed Sludge ◽

Anammox Process ◽

Inhibition Analysis

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Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation in Start-Up of Bench Scale ASBR

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.675-677.633 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 675-677 ◽

pp. 633-637

Author(s):

Ze Ya Wang ◽

Li Ping Qiu ◽

Li Xin Zhang ◽

Jia Bin Wang

Keyword(s):

Ammonia Oxidation ◽

Ph Value ◽

Operating Temperature ◽

Granular Sludge ◽

Anaerobic Granular Sludge ◽

Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽

Bench Scale ◽

N Removal ◽

Start Up ◽

Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation

A set of bench scale ASBR reactors with 0.5 L effective volume were carried out to culture anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, while the anaerobic granular sludge was inoculated into these reactors as well as the operating temperature is 30±1°C, HRT is 72h and pH is approximate 7.8 in this experiment. After 60 days running, these reactors appeared anaerobic ammonia oxidation phenomenon. When the influent NH4+-N and NO2--N concentrations were approximately 50 mg/L and 70 mg/L, the NH4+-N, NO2--N and TN removal were 80%, 90% and 70%, respectively, the ratio of the NH4+-N and NO2--N removal and NO3--N production is approximately 1:1.5:0.25, close to the theoretical valve of 1:1.32:0.26 and that mainly accord with the chemical equilibrium of anaerobic ammonia oxidation mode. Furthermore, when the phenomenon of anaerobic ammonia oxidation appeared, effluent pH value was slightly higher than influent and the sludge become red.

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Start-Up Characteristics of a Granule-Based Anammox UASB Reactor Seeded with Anaerobic Granular Sludge

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/396487 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Lei Xiong ◽

Yun-Yan Wang ◽

Chong-Jian Tang ◽

Li-Yuan Chai ◽

Kang-Que Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Metals ◽

Granular Sludge ◽

Uasb Reactor ◽

Stable Operation ◽

Anaerobic Granular Sludge ◽

High Nitrogen ◽

Start Up ◽

Anammox Activity ◽

Nitrite Removal ◽

Conventional Medium

The granulation of anammox sludge plays an important role in the high nitrogen removal performance of the anammox reactor. In this study, anaerobic granular sludge was selected as the seeding sludge to start up anammox reactor in order to directly obtain anammox granules. Results showed that the anammox UASB reactor was successfully started up by inoculating anaerobic granular sludge, with substrate capacity of 4435.2 mg/(L·d) and average ammonium and nitrite removal efficiency of 90.36% and 93.29%, respectively. During the start-up course, the granular sludge initially disintegrated and then reaggregated and turned red, suggesting the high anammox performance. Zn-Fe precipitation was observed on the surface of granules during the operation by SEM-EDS, which would impose inhibition to the anammox activity of the granules. Accordingly, it is suggested to relatively reduce the trace metals concentrations, of Fe and Zn in the conventional medium. The findings of this study are expected to be used for a shorter start-up and more stable operation of anammox system.

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