Home range size in central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) from Loango National Park, Gabon

AbstractRanging behavior has been studied extensively in eastern (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) and western (P. t. verus) chimpanzees, but relatively little is known regarding home ranges of the other two subspecies (P. t. ellioti; P. t. troglodytes). In this study, we determined the home range size and space use of a habituated community (Rekambo) of central chimpanzees living in a habitat mosaic in Loango National Park, Gabon. Data on travel routes were collected during follows between January 2017 and April 2019 (N = 670,616 relocations, collected over 640 days and 5690 h of observation). We used three methods for calculating home range size (minimum convex polygon, kernel density estimation, and biased random bridges). We compare our estimates to those obtained from prior genetic and camera trap studies of the Rekambo community and contrast them with estimates from other chimpanzee communities of the four chimpanzee subspecies. Depending on the methodology used, the home range size of the Rekambo community ranged between 27.64 and 59.03 km2. The location of the center of the home range remained relatively stable over the last decade, while the overall size decreased. The Rekambo home range is, therefore, one of the largest documented so far for chimpanzees outside savannah-woodland habitats. We discuss several explanations, including the presence of savannah, interspecies competition, and intercommunity interactions.

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Movements and Home Ranges of Feral Pigs (Sus Scrofa) in Kosciusko National Park, New South Wales.

Wildlife Research ◽

10.1071/wr9960711 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 711 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

G Saunders ◽

B Kay

Keyword(s):

Home Range ◽

National Park ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Home Range Size ◽

Range Size ◽

Home Ranges ◽

Minimum Convex Polygon ◽

Feral Pigs ◽

South Wales

The movements of a subalpine population of feral pigs were examined at Kosciusko National Park in southeastern New South Wales. Sufficient data were collected to estimate the home-range area of 20 pigs on the basis of 782 telemetry and trap locations. Mean (+/- s.d.) home-range size (minimum convex polygon method) for males (35.0 t 22.2 km*2) was significantly greater than that for females (1 1.1 +/- 5.2 km*2). Use of capture-recapture distances to estimate home-range size was considered inappropriate. A test for nomadism suggests that, although home ranges of pigs in this environment were larger than those reported for other pigs in Australia, the pigs were essentially sedentary. Management implications for this population are discussed.

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Variation in the home-range size of the squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis)

Australian Mammalogy ◽

10.1071/am10006 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 183 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ross L. Goldingay ◽

David J. Sharpe ◽

Matt D. J. Dobson

Keyword(s):

Home Range ◽

Habitat Quality ◽

New South ◽

Home Range Size ◽

Range Size ◽

Home Ranges ◽

Minimum Convex Polygon ◽

South Wales ◽

Squirrel Glider ◽

Range Estimate

The home-range area of animals may vary geographically and in response to habitat quality. We investigated the size of squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) home ranges near Brisbane, Queensland, and at Tea Gardens on the central coast of New South Wales. Habitat at both sites had been partially cleared and had been subjected to grazing for several decades. Twelve gliders were tracked over an average of 3.5 months in Brisbane. The fixed kernel (FK95%) home-range estimate averaged 4.6 ± 0.7 (s.e.) ha while the minimum convex polygon (MCP100%) averaged 6.7 ± 1.5 ha. Six gliders were tracked over 1 month at Tea Gardens. The FK95% home-range estimate averaged 14.8 ± 2.4 ha while the MCP100% averaged 13.3 ± 3.1 ha. The Tea Gardens values are derived from relatively short periods and are likely to underestimate the areas used. This study demonstrates that home-range size can vary substantially in the squirrel glider. This has implications for understanding how this species responds to variation in habitat quality and highlights the need for site-specific studies to inform aspects of management.

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Home range sizes of Cape Mountain Zebras Equus Zebra Zebra in the Mountain Zebra National Park

Koedoe ◽

10.4102/koedoe.v25i1.608 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. L Penzhorn

Keyword(s):

Home Range ◽

National Park ◽

Home Range Size ◽

Range Size ◽

Home Ranges ◽

The Mean

The mean home range size of Cape mountain zebra breeding herds was 9,4 km2 (range 3,1 @ 16,0 km2). In two herds which split up, the home ranges of the resultant herds included the original home ranges, but were larger.

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Home Range and Habitat Selection of Female Mountain Nyalas (Tragelaphus Buxtoni) in the Human-Dominated Landscape of the Ethiopian Highlands

10.21203/rs.3.rs-21274/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anagaw Atickem ◽

Matthias Klapproth ◽

Martha Fischer ◽

Dietmar Zinner ◽

Leif Egil Loe

Keyword(s):

Habitat Selection ◽

Home Range ◽

National Park ◽

Resource Selection ◽

Home Range Size ◽

Range Size ◽

Home Ranges ◽

Human Settlement ◽

Night Time ◽

Selection Of

Abstract Background: Human settlement and agricultural activities restrict increasingly the range of large mammals in many cases contributing to declining numbers of ungulates. Here, we studied home range size and habitat selection of female mountain nyalas in the northern end of the Bale Mountains National Park (BMNP) (31 km2) surrounded by human settlement. We collected data on space use of seven adult female mountain nyalas equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) collars. Home range size was estimated using fixed kernel density and habitat selection was determined by resource selection functions.Results: We found that female mountain nyalas have much smaller (5.7 km2) home ranges than the 19 km2 home range size predicted for a 170 kg, group-living species living in mixed habitats. Home ranges were 30% larger in night time than daytime. We suggest that the night time extension beyond the park boundaries were caused by both push and pull effects. The presumably high livestock and other ungulates grazing pressure within the protected area may cause forage-driven excursions out of the park, in particular during agricultural crop seasons. In addition, mountain nyalas are probably attracted by humans as shields against hyena predation. Resource selection index indicates bush land and forest habitat are the most preferred habitat types while agriculture and human settlements are least preferred habitats.Conclusions: Given that mountain nyalas are found in high density (24 individuals/km2) and the size of the northern part of the Bale Mountain National Park, which is currently under protection by the park authorities for the mountain nyala conservation, is too small for the predicted home range size of large ungulates, we suggest protecting additional area may be needed for the long-term conservation of the endangered mountain nyala.

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Home-range studies in a reintroduced brush-tailed rock-wallaby (Petrogale penicillata) population in the Grampians National Park, Victoria

Australian Mammalogy ◽

10.1071/am10039 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 128 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jenny Molyneux ◽

David A. Taggart ◽

Anthony Corrigan ◽

Sean Frey

Keyword(s):

Home Range ◽

National Park ◽

Site Fidelity ◽

Home Range Size ◽

Range Size ◽

Local Extinction ◽

Home Ranges ◽

Radio Tracking ◽

Western Victoria ◽

Species Ecology

In 2008, after 9 years of presumed local extinction, brush-tailed rock-wallabies (Petrogale penicillata) were reintroduced at Moora Moora Creek in the Grampians National Park, western Victoria. Since little is known about this species in Victoria, the reintroduction presented an important opportunity to gain information on the species’ ecology. Radio-tracking was undertaken and home range determined for three individuals released 11 months before this study and a further five individuals that were released at the commencement of the study in October 2009. Home-range size showed little variation amongst individuals, with a mean overall home range of 26 ha (±1.69, s.e.) and a mean core home range of 2.5 ha (±0.24, s.e.). Newly reintroduced individuals showed higher levels of association with wallabies from the same release and greater site fidelity when known conspecifics were close. Within 5 months of release, newly reintroduced animals showed home ranges similar in both size and distribution to those of animals released 11 months prior.

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Home range and den characteristics of the brush-tailed rabbit-rat (Conilurus penicillatus) in the monsoonal tropics of the Northern Territory, Australia

Wildlife Research ◽

10.1071/wr05057 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 397 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Ronald S. C. Firth ◽

John C. Z. Woinarski ◽

Richard A. Noske

Keyword(s):

Home Range ◽

Radio Telemetry ◽

Fire Regimes ◽

Home Range Size ◽

Northern Territory ◽

Range Size ◽

Home Ranges ◽

Minimum Convex Polygon ◽

Dry Seasons

Radio-telemetry was used to investigate the home range and den characteristics of the brush-tailed rabbit-rat (Conilurus penicillatus) from three sites in the monsoonal tropics of the Northern Territory, Australia. Radio-tracking was conducted in a series of discontinuous 4–17-day sessions, over a 2-year period. The home ranges of 61 C. penicillatus were estimated using the minimum convex polygon (MCP) and fixed kernel (K95% and K50%) methods. There were no significant differences in home-range size among the three sites or between wet and dry seasons, which suggests that vegetation structure, floristics and season play relatively little role in movements of C. penicillatus. The mean home-range size was 0.79 ± 0.09 ha (MCP estimate) to 0.97 ± 0.12 ha (K95% estimate). The home ranges of males were larger than those of females (mean MCP estimates of 1.07 ± 0.15 and 0.45 ± 0.06 ha respectively). C. penicillatus denned primarily in fallen logs and in hollows of eucalypts and bloodwoods (Corymbia spp.). Rough-barked trees appeared to be preferred. The diameter at breast height (DBH) of den trees varied significantly between the three sites, being greatest at site C1 (34.5 ± 2.4 cm) and least at site C2 (26.1 ± 1.0 cm). Den trees had larger DBH than randomly selected trees at each site. The diameter at the mid-point (DMP) of both den and randomly selected logs were not significantly different between sites. Many individuals used more than one den site per tracking session. The small home ranges of C. penicillatus and its reliance on hollows in trees and logs suggest that this species is very vulnerable to local extinction following long-term annual and destructive fire regimes and land clearing, even in comparatively small patches.

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Home range of the swamp wallaby, Wallabia bicolor

Wildlife Research ◽

10.1071/wr9930571 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 571 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

S Troy ◽

G Coulson

Keyword(s):

Home Range ◽

Home Range Size ◽

Range Size ◽

Home Ranges ◽

Convex Polygons ◽

Minimum Convex Polygon ◽

Eucalypt Forest ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Wallabia Bicolor ◽

Swamp Wallaby

Home range in the swamp wallaby, Wallabia bicolor (Marsupialia : Macropodoidea) was examined using radio-tracking in a 150-ha remnant of mixed eucalypt forest at Healesville, Victoria. Three methods were used to calculate home-range size: minimum convex polygons, fourier transform MAP(O.95) and MAP(0.50) estimation, and harmonic mean 50% isopleths and 95% isopleths. The minimum convex polygon method produced the largest estimate of home-range area (16.01 +/-.45 ha). Each method required a different number of fixes before home-range area estimates reached an asymptote. These data showed that W. bicolor have small, overlapping home ranges and that the shape of the home range varied between individuals. Home-range area was larger than previously reported for this species, and there was no significant difference between the sexes in home-range size.

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Home Ranges and Spatial Organization of Fishers, Martes pennanti, in Central British Columbia

The Canadian Field-Naturalist ◽

10.22621/cfn.v123i2.690 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 123 (2) ◽

pp. 126 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Richard D. Weir ◽

Alton S. Harestad ◽

Fraser B. Corbould

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Home Range ◽

Spatial Organization ◽

Home Range Size ◽

Range Size ◽

Suitable Habitat ◽

Home Ranges ◽

Martes Pennanti ◽

Utilization Distribution ◽

Minimum Convex Polygon

We described the size and spatial arrangement of aggregate and seasonal home ranges for 17 radio-tagged resident Fishers (Martes pennanti) that were >1.5 years old in two areas of central British Columbia during 1990-1993 and 1996-2000. We estimated home range size for each Fisher from the 95% isopleth of the utilization distribution generated using a fixed kernel model with smoothing selected by least-squares cross-validation (95% FK). For comparison to previous studies, we also calculated the minimum convex polygon estimate of home range size (MCP) for each animal. The aggregate home ranges (95% FK) of female Fishers (mean = 37.9 km², SD = 18.5, range = 10.5 – 81.2, n = 11) were significantly smaller than those of males (mean = 161.3 km², SD = 100.0, range = 46.0 – 225.2, n = 3; P = 0.019). We observed minor overlap among 95% FK home ranges of Fishers of the same sex, but considerable overlap among home ranges of males and females. Home ranges (95% FK or MCP) that we observed in central British Columbia were larger than those reported elsewhere in North America, particularly for males. We suggest that the distribution of resources for Fishers may occur at lower gross densitiesin central British Columbia than in other portions of the Fisher’s range and that suitable habitat in which Fishers can establish home ranges is not found uniformly across the landscape.

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Movement patterns and home ranges of male and female Snowy Owls (Bubo scandiacus) wintering on the Canadian prairies

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/cjz-2017-0280 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (6) ◽

pp. 545-552 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alexander M. Chang ◽

Karen L. Wiebe

Keyword(s):

Home Range ◽

Body Condition ◽

Movement Patterns ◽

Home Range Size ◽

Range Size ◽

Home Ranges ◽

Minimum Convex Polygon ◽

Canadian Prairies ◽

Nonbreeding Season ◽

Bubo Scandiacus

Meeting energy requirements during the nonbreeding season is important for many animals and some defend winter territories to secure a food supply. In birds of prey, females, the larger and competitively dominant sex, may monopolize areas with higher prey abundance than males. We thus predicted that female Snowy Owls (Bubo scandiacus (Linnaeus, 1758)), which might acquire the high-quality habitats and individuals in better body condition, would be able to persist on smaller home ranges, travel shorter distances, and spend proportionally more time on a home range than males, during the winter. On the prairies in central Saskatchewan, we deployed satellite transmitters on 11 male and 12 female Snowy Owls over two winters. There were no significant differences between the sexes in home-range size or the amount of travelling during the winter months. Mean first home range (95% minimum convex polygon) size was 54.4 km2 for males, 31.9 km2 (estimated marginal means) for females, and 53.8 km2 for the sexes combined. However, within sexes, home-range size was negatively correlated with body condition as predicted. A lack of defense of home-range perimeters against conspecifics could increase variation in home-range size and movement patterns and reduce differences between the sexes.

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Modeling Coral Reef Fish Home Range Movements in Dry Tortugas, Florida

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/629791 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nicholas A. Farmer ◽

Jerald S. Ault

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Home Range ◽

Reef Fish ◽

Reef Fishes ◽

Home Range Size ◽

Range Size ◽

Home Ranges ◽

Minimum Convex Polygon ◽

Dry Tortugas ◽

Red Grouper

Underestimation of reef fish space use may result in marine reserves that are too small to effectively buffer a portion of the stock from fishing mortality. Commonly used statistical home range models, such as minimum convex polygon (MCP) or 95% kernel density (95% KD) methods, require the exclusion of individuals who move beyond the bounds of the tracking study. Spatially explicit individual-based models of fish home range movements parameterized from multiple years of acoustic tracking data were developed for three exploited coral reef fishes (red grouperEpinephelus morio, black grouperMycteroperca bonaci, and mutton snapperLutjanus analis) in Dry Tortugas, Florida. Movements were characterized as a combination of probability of movement, distance moved, and turning angle. Simulations suggested that the limited temporal and geographic scope of most movement studies may underestimate home range size, especially for fish with home range centers near the edges of the array. Simulations provided useful upper bounds for home range size (red grouper:2.28±0.81 km2MCP,3.60±0.89 km2KD; black grouper:2.06±0.84 km2MCP,3.93±1.22 km2KD; mutton snapper:7.72±2.23 km2MCP,6.16±1.11 km2KD). Simulations also suggested that MCP home ranges are more robust to artifacts of passive array acoustic detection patterns than 95% KD methods.

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