Effects of crop rotation on enhanced occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil carbon stocks of lowland paddy fields in seasonaly dry tropics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Paranavithana ◽  
Svini Marasinghe ◽  
G. A. D. Perera ◽  
R. R. Ratnayake
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Dry Tropics ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks

Crop rotation, tillage system, and precipitation regime effects on soil carbon stocks over 1 to 30 years in Saskatchewan, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Émilie Maillard ◽  
Brian G. McConkey ◽  
Mervin St. Luce ◽  
Denis A. Angers ◽  
Jianling Fan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Precipitation Regime ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks

scholarly journals Impact of Land Use Intensity on the Species Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Agroecosystems of Central Europe

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 2816-2824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Oehl ◽  
Ewald Sieverding ◽  
Kurt Ineichen ◽  
Paul Mäder ◽  
Thomas Boller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Land Use Intensity ◽  
High Input ◽  
Continuous Maize

ABSTRACT The impact of land use intensity on the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was investigated at eight sites in the “three-country corner” of France, Germany, and Switzerland. Three sites were low-input, species-rich grasslands. Two sites represented low- to moderate-input farming with a 7-year crop rotation, and three sites represented high-input continuous maize monocropping. Representative soil samples were taken, and the AMF spores present were morphologically identified and counted. The same soil samples also served as inocula for “AMF trap cultures” with Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium pratense, and Lolium perenne. These trap cultures were established in pots in a greenhouse, and AMF root colonization and spore formation were monitored over 8 months. For the field samples, the numbers of AMF spores and species were highest in the grasslands, lower in the low- and moderate-input arable lands, and lowest in the lands with intensive continuous maize monocropping. Some AMF species occurred at all sites (“generalists”); most of them were prevalent in the intensively managed arable lands. Many other species, particularly those forming sporocarps, appeared to be specialists for grasslands. Only a few species were specialized on the arable lands with crop rotation, and only one species was restricted to the high-input maize sites. In the trap culture experiment, the rate of root colonization by AMF was highest with inocula from the permanent grasslands and lowest with those from the high-input monocropping sites. In contrast, AMF spore formation was slowest with the former inocula and fastest with the latter inocula. In conclusion, the increased land use intensity was correlated with a decrease in AMF species richness and with a preferential selection of species that colonized roots slowly but formed spores rapidly.

scholarly journals Crop rotation biomass and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi effects on sugarcane yield

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmilson José Ambrosano ◽  
Rozario Azcón ◽  
Heitor Cantarella ◽  
Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano ◽  
Eliana Aparecida Schammass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Saccharum Spp ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Sugarcane Yield

A cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.) vem sendo cultivada no Brasil para produção de açúcar e agroenergia. Em seu sistema de produção, após um ciclo de 4 a 8 anos, é possível a rotação com plantas de cobertura, antes do seu replantio, para melhoria do solo e geração de renda. Estudou-se a caracterização e produtividade de biomassa de leguminosas (como adubos-verdes) e girassol (Helianthus annuus L.), a ocorrência natural de micorrizas, o teor de açúcar e a produtividade em colmos da cana-de-açúcar IAC 87-3396 e a viabilidade econômica desse sistema com cultivo após as opções de rotação, com quantificação da produtividade durante três cortes consecutivos. O amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.) cv. IAC-Caiapó, girassol cv. IAC-Uruguai e mucuna-preta (Mucuna aterrimum Piper and Tracy) foram as culturas que apresentaram maior percentagem de colonização por fungos micorrízicos. O girassol foi a planta de cobertura que mais extraiu nutrientes do solo, seguido por amendoim (Arachis hipogaea L.) cv. IAC-Tatu e feijão-mungo (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). A colonização por fungos micorrízicos mostrou correlação positiva com a altura de plantas de cana no primeiro corte (p = 0,01 e R = 0,52), mas não se correlacionou com a produtividade de colmos ou açúcar. No primeiro corte, o girassol foi a cultura de rotação que ocasionou o maior aumento de produtividade, da ordem de 46% em colmos e de 50% na quantidade de açúcar, em comparação com a testemunha. Com exceção dos amendoins, todas as culturas em rotação aumentaram a renda líquida do sistema na média de três cortes de cana-de-açúcar.

How Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Impact on Soil Respiration?

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 628-631
Author(s):  
Fang Ma ◽  
Shu Juan Zhang ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Dan Shan ◽  
Xiao Feng Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Respiratory Capacity ◽  
P Content

Soil respiration can be altered by changing substance supply, respiratory capacity and the demand for the products. We carried out a field experiment in the northeast of China to understand how inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) alters soil respiration in paddy fields. Soil respiration and factors contributing to it were measured for paddy fields either inoculated or non-inoculated with AMF, with or without fertilization. We found that inoculation increased soil respiration, net photosynthesis of rice leaves, N and P content of rice shoots and the abundance of actinomyces and fungi in rhizosphere; while the negative effect was only observed on root biomass. We also found that fertilization decreased the responses of soil respiration, root biomass and the abundance of bacteria and fungi in rhizosphere to inoculation. However, it decreased the responses of net photosynthesis, shoot biomass and shoot N and P content to inoculation. Conclusively, AMF inoculation promoted soil respiration by enhancing substrate supply, respiratory capacity and the demand for products; while the impacts of inoculation were weakened by fertilization via respiration capacity and the demand for the products.

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