scholarly journals Correction to: Silvicultural prescriptions for mixed-species forest stands. A European review and perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Pretzsch ◽  
Werner Poschenrieder ◽  
Enno Uhl ◽  
Gediminas Brazaitis ◽  
Ekaterina Makrickiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Stands ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
European Review ◽  
Silvicultural Prescriptions ◽  
Mixed Species Forest

scholarly journals Modeling of Two Different Water Uptake Approaches for Mono- and Mixed-Species Forest Stands

Forests ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2125-2147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gutsch ◽  
Petra Lasch-Born ◽  
Felicitas Suckow ◽  
Christopher Reyer
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Mixed Species Forest

scholarly journals Silvicultural prescriptions for mixed-species forest stands. A European review and perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Pretzsch ◽  
Werner Poschenrieder ◽  
Enno Uhl ◽  
Gediminas Brazaitis ◽  
Ekaterina Makrickiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Heterogeneity ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Temporal Separation ◽  
Tree Number ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Space Requirements ◽  
And Control ◽  
Silvicultural Prescriptions

AbstractCompared with far-developed measures and methods for mono-specific forest stands, the silvicultural prescriptions for mixed-species stands are at their early beginning. However, they are essential for the well-conceived establishment, design, and control of mixed-species stands, currently promoted in many countries worldwide. Here, we review the state of the art and we further develop silvicultural prescriptions for mixed-species stands for steering of experiments, stand modeling, and silviculture. We review which aspects of tree species mixing are most relevant for management goal achievement. We found the maintenance of species diversity and structural heterogeneity for ecological purpose, stabilizing productivity, and social-economic performance as main objectives. We give an overview of quantitatively formulated silvicultural prescriptions for steering mixed-species stands for forest practice, long-term experiments, forest stand models. Compared with the sophisticated guidelines for mono-specific stands, prescriptions for mixed stand are often mainly qualitative and vague. Then, we introduce methodological approaches in development for steering mixture: measures for spatial and temporal separation, species-specific growing space requirements for crop trees, coefficients for equivalence and density modification, and basic relationships for steering tree number and area-based mixing proportions. Finally, we draw conclusions for further development of methodological approaches for silvicultural steering of experiments, implementation in stand simulators, and for silvicultural operations. We see the need for improving the quantitative spatially explicit rules based at tree or cohort level, for substantiating the knowledge on species-specific allometry, growing area, tree-to-tree distances, and position-dependent competition indices for steering tree removal. We discuss the prospects and limitations of establishing silvicultural prescriptions for mixed-species stands that inevitably will be more complicated than those for mono-specific stands, and we draw conclusions for next steps in science and practice.

scholarly journals Ecosystem services of mixed species forest stands and monocultures: comparing practitioners' and scientists' perceptions with formal scientific knowledge

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Carnol ◽  
Lander Baeten ◽  
Etienne Branquart ◽  
Jean-Claude Grégoire ◽  
André Heughebaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Mixed Species Forest

Modelling Mixed-Species Forest Stands

2017 ◽  
pp. 383-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Pretzsch ◽  
Thomas Rötzer ◽  
David I. Forrester
Keyword(s):  
Forest Stands ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Mixed Species Forest

Modeling diameter distributions of mixed-species forest stands

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 653-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuxiang Liu ◽  
Fengri Li ◽  
Lianjun Zhang ◽  
Xingji Jin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Stands ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Mixed Species Forest ◽  
Diameter Distributions

scholarly journals The potential of mixing timber assets to financially offset negative effects of deer browsing on western redcedar

2015 ◽  
Vol 91 (04) ◽  
pp. 436-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena C. Griess ◽  
Rajat Panwar ◽  
Julie Cool
Keyword(s):  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Western Redcedar ◽  
Risk Return ◽  
Mixed Species Forest

Western redcedar (WRC) is a highly desirable species in British Columbia's Coastal Western Hemlock zone, both from a management and a conservation perspective. However, it is also highly palatable for ungulates. Existing countermeasures against browsing all have high costs and imperfect results in common. We used the portfolio method to display how diversification can help to lower investment risk. Using risk-return ratios of a WRC and Douglas-fir (DF), we derived species portfolios that yield maximum financial return per unit of risk. Financial indicators were calculated based on Monte Carlo simulations, which consider timber price fluctuation and browsing risk. Results show how economic risks of a forest investment could be reduced by creating a species portfolio. The optimum portfolio leading to most beneficial risk-return combination is 75% WRC and 25% DF if browsing is lowered using protective measures that double planting costs; and 30% WRC and 70% DF if no protective measures are applied. Accordingly, the most desirable risk-return combination is that of a mixed-species forest, whereas the 2 species don't have to be grown in intimate mixtures. Our research sketches a path forward that can help to ensure WRC will remain an important asset in BC's timber portfolio.

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