scholarly journals Small-scale spatial genetic structure of Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) in Northern Dinarides

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Safner ◽  
E. Buzan ◽  
A. Rezic ◽  
N. Šprem
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rupicapra Rupicapra ◽  
Alpine Chamois ◽  
Northern Dinarides

scholarly journals Small-scale spatial genetic structure in an ant species with sex-biased dispersal

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLIVIER J. HARDY ◽  
MORGAN PEARCY ◽  
SERGE ARON
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Small Scale

scholarly journals Small-scale spatial genetic structure of Asarum sieboldii metapopulation in a valley

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeon Jin Jeong ◽  
Jae Geun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Forest Understory ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Stochastic Events

Abstract Background Asarum sieboldii Miq., a species of forest understory vegetation, is an herbaceous perennial belonging to the family Aristolochiaceae. The metapopulation of A. sieboldii is distributed sparsely and has a short seed dispersal distance by ants as their seed distributor. It is known that many flowers of A. sieboldii depend on self-fertilization. Because these characteristics can affect negatively in genetic structure, investigating habitat structure and assessment of genetic structure is needed. A total of 27 individuals in a valley were sampled for measuring genetic diversity, genetic distance, and genetic differentiation by RAPD-PCR. Results The habitat areas of A. sieboldii metapopulation were relatively small (3.78~33.60 m2) and population density was very low (five to seven individuals in 20×20 m quadrat). The habitat of A. sieboldii was a very shady (relative light intensity = 0.9%) and mature forest with a high evenness value (J = 0.81~0.99) and a low dominance value (D = 0.19~0.28). The total genetic diversity of A. sieboldii was quite high (h = 0.338, I = 0.506). A total of 33 band loci were observed in five selected primers, and 31 band loci (94%) were polymorphic. However, genetic differentiation along the valley was highly progressed (Gst = 0.548, Nm = 0.412). The average genetic distance between subpopulations was 0.387. The results of AMOVA showed 52.77% of variance occurs among populations, which is evidence of population structuring. Conclusions It is expected that a small-scale founder effect had occurred, an individual spread far from the original subpopulation formed a new subpopulation. However, geographical distance between individuals would have been far and genetic flow occurred only within each subpopulation because of the low density of population. This made significant genetic distance between the original and new population by distance. Although genetic diversity of A. sieboldii metapopulation is not as low as concerned, the subpopulation of A. sieboldii can disappear by stochastic events due to small subpopulation size and low density of population. To prevent genetic isolation and to enhance the stable population size, conservative efforts such as increasing the size of each subpopulation or the connection between subpopulations are needed.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal genetic structure of the rodent Calomys venustus in linear, fragmented habitats

2015 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 424-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina B. Chiappero ◽  
Lucía V. Sommaro ◽  
José W. Priotto ◽  
María Paula Wiernes ◽  
Andrea R. Steinmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Causal Modeling ◽  
Genetic Connectivity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Linear Habitats ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract Studies about habitat fragmentation, in terms of how it affects gene flow and genetic variability, have traditionally been conducted on island-like systems in which the remaining habitats form patches embedded in a matrix. However, in agroecosystems, remaining habitats usually form linear strips along fence lines, roads, and water courses (“border” habitats). We used the rodent Calomys venustus , a species inhabiting borders in central Argentina agroecosystems, as a model to address how genetic variability is structured in linear habitats. A total of 359 rodents were captured seasonally from spring 2005 to winter 2006. Genetic variability at microsatellite loci was uniformly high, despite significant variation in population size during the sampling period. Genetic differentiation, spatial autocorrelation, and causal modeling analyses suggested that dispersion patterns in this species depend mainly on geographic distance, with unfavorable habitat like dirt roads and crop fields posing only weak (or no) resistance to dispersal. Small-scale spatial genetic structure was related to different space use patterns by females and males. Our results showed that, although greatly reduced in area, border habitats can support stable populations of species without loss of either variability or genetic connectivity. Los efectos de la fragmentación del hábitat sobre el flujo génico y la variabilidad genética, se han estudiado tradicionalmente en sistemas tipo islas, en los cuales los hábitats remanentes forman parches embebidos en una matriz. Sin embargo, en los agroecosistemas, éstos suelen tener forma lineal a lo largo de alambrados, caminos y corrientes de agua (hábitats de “borde”). En este trabajo, utilizamos al roedor Calomys venustus , especie típica de ambientes de borde en los agroecosistemas del centro de Argentina, como modelo para estudiar cómo la variabilidad genética se estructura en hábitats lineales. Un total de 359 roedores se capturaron estacionalmente desde la primavera de 2005 hasta el invierno de 2006. La variabilidad genética encontrada en loci de microsatélites fue siempre alta, a pesar de una variación significativa del tamaño poblacional a lo largo del período de estudio. Los análisis de diferenciación genética, autocorrelación genética espacial y modelado causal sugieren que los patrones de dispersión en esta especie dependen principalmente de la distancia geográfica, y que los hábitats desfavorables como caminos de tierra y campos de cultivo representan una barrera débil (o nula) para la dispersión. La estructura genética a escala pequeña estuvo relacionada al diferente uso del espacio por parte de machos y hembras. Nuestros resultados mostraron que a pesar de tener un área reducida, los hábitat de bordes pueden mantener poblaciones estables sin pérdida de variabilidad genética o reducción del flujo génico.

Dermatophilosis of Alpine Chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) in Italy

2002 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. De Meneghi ◽  
E. Ferroglio ◽  
E. Bollo ◽  
L. Leon Vizcaino ◽  
A. Moresco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rupicapra Rupicapra ◽  
Alpine Chamois
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