The efficiency of SSR and ISSR markers for the assessment of genetic polymorphism of varieties and hybrids of garden chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × hortorum Bailey)

The genetic analysis of five varieties and seventeen hybrids of the collection of the Federal Research Centrethe Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC SSC RAS) of Sochi was carried out using DNAmarkers: SSR analysis and ISSR analysis. With the help of these markers, it was possible to identify the genetic differencesof the studied samples. At the same time, the analysis of phenotypic traits was carried out, which allowed us to dividethe studied plants into phenotypic groups. When processing genotypic and phenotypic groups, five related groups ofthe studied plants were identified. SSR-and ISSR-markers allow us to evaluate the genetic polymorphism of varieties andhybrids of Chrysanthemum × hortorum.

Molecular Distinction Among Mulberry (Morus Spp.) Species and Varieties Cultivated in DPR Korea

Mulberry (Morus spp.) is a cross-pollinating and highly hybridized plant of which productivity are greatly varied in different varieties. We analysed molecular distinction among four mulberry species and varieties cultivated in DPR Korea by using nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. ITS sequences didn’t represent a remarkable interspecific distinction among four mulberry species used in our study, suggesting that it could not be employed to identify them. ISSR analysis using 16 random primers generated 158 different markers ranging from 100 to 4000 bp in size. The results showed the inter-specific genetic variation (55.34%) was slightly higher than intra-specific genetic variation(44.66%), with comparatively low average number of migrants per generation (Nm) among populations (0.3886). Using ISSR primers selected in this study, in the future, the suitable breeding strategy might be established in raising of elite mulberry varieties on the basis of interspecific hybridization.

ISSR primer screening for analysis of genetic diversity among Scutellaria tuvensis (Lamiaceae) populations

Using the Diamond DNA kit, high quality nuclear DNA was isolated from dry leaves of the endemic species Scutellaria tuvensis. The selection of primers for ISSR analysis of genetic polymorphism of natural populations is described. During the experiment, 22 primers were tested, their effectiveness was assessed on a point scale. When assessing the primers, the number of reproducible amplified DNA fragments, the clarity and brightness of the obtained fragments, and only distinctive bands were taken into account. As a result, 10 ISSR markers were selected that are the most informative for assessing the population diversity of the species.

The prospect of using clonal micropropagation to conserve the gene pool of natural Tulipa suaveolens (Liliaceae) populations

Despite the morphological correspondence between the regenerated and natural Tulipa suaveolens plants, the ISSR analysis identified a relatively high degree of somaclonal variability between them.

Morphological, cytological and molecular variations induced by gamma rays in Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Donglinruixue’

The current study investigated the effects of gamma radiation on the death rate, morphological traits and meiotic abnormalities in ground-grown chrysanthemum ‘Donglinruixue’, and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to identify the DNA polymorphism among mutants. The results showed that the death rate significantly increased with increase in radiation dose. Semi-lethal (LD50) dose was approximately 35 Gy. Compared with unirradiated control, plant growth was significantly inhibited. After irradiation, a series of morphological variations and cytological aberrations occurred in radiated plants. The peak in variation frequency appeared at 35 Gy. In total, ISSR analysis produced 72 scorable bands, of which 64 (88.89%) were polymorphic. The current study demonstrated that gamma irradiation generates a sufficient number of induced mutations and that ISSR analysis offered a useful molecular marker analysis for the identification of mutants.