Mobile phone use while driving: a major public health problem in an Arabian society, State of Qatar—mobile phone use and the risk of motor vehicle crashes

Distracted driving is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary as “the practice of driving a motor vehicle while engaged in another activity, typically one that involves the use of a mobile phone or other electronic device.” However, other distractions not involving the use of a cell phone or texting are important as well, contributing to this burgeoning public health problem in the United States. Examples include talking to other passengers, adjusting the radio or other controls in the car, and daydreaming. Distracted driving has been linked to increased risk of motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) in the United States, representing one of the most preventable leading causes of death for youth ages 16 to 24 years. Undoubtedly, the proliferation of cell phone, global positioning system (GPS), and other in-vehicle and personal electronic device use while driving has led to this rise in distracted driving prevalence. This behavior has impacted society—including individual and commercial drivers, passengers, pedestrians—in countless numbers of ways, ranging from increased MVCs and deaths to the enactment of new driving laws. In 2016, for example, 20 percent of all US pediatric deaths (nearly 4,000 children and adolescents) were due to fatal MVCs. It has been estimated that at any given time, more than 650,000 drivers are using cell phones or manipulating electronic devices while driving. In the United States, efforts are underway to reduce this driving behavior. In the past two decades, state and federal laws have specifically targeted cell phone use and texting while driving as priority areas for legal intervention. Distracted driving laws have become “strategies of choice” for tackling this public health problem, though their enforcement has emerged as a major challenge and varies by jurisdiction and location. Multimodal interventions using models such as the “three Es” framework—Enactment of a law, Education of the public about the law and safety practices, and Enforcement of the law—have become accepted practice or viewed as necessary steps to successfully change this behavior caused by distractions while driving. This Oxford Bibliographies review introduces these and other aspects (including psychological influences and road conditions) of distracted driving through a presentation of annotated resources from peer- and non-peer-reviewed literature. This selective review aims to provide policymakers, program implementers, and researchers with a reliable source of information on the past and current state of American laws, policies, and priorities for distracted driving.

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P-1454 - Depressive, anxiety and stress disorders in the postpartum period: how prevalent are they and can we improve their detection? A major public health problem

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(12)75621-3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

A. Bener

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Problem ◽

Postpartum Period ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Stress Disorders ◽

Major Public Health Problem

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NEW WORLD LEISHMANIOSIS IN RUSSIAN TOURISTS WHO VISITED SOUTH AMERICAN COUNTRIES AND THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF THE TREATMENT WITH PERU BALSAM

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases (Russian Journal) ◽

10.17816/eid42636 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 106-112

Author(s):

A. M Bronshteyn ◽

N. G Kochergin ◽

N. A Malyshev ◽

V. Ya Lashin ◽

S. V Burova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Health Problem ◽

New World ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

South American ◽

Parasite Resistance ◽

Local Species

Two cases of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired by Russian tourists in Peru and possibly in Bolivia are presented. L. viannia ( L.braziliensis complex) was identified in Liverpool School of Tropical medicine in the patient travelled to Bolivia. The present study aimed to investigate Balsamum peruvianum one of the product of folk medicine of Indians of Amazon region against local species of Leishmania resulted in healing the ulcers. Leishmaniasis is a major public health problem, and the alarming spread of parasite resistance has increased the importance of discovering new therapeutic products.

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MALNUTRITION, A MAJOR PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM

Journal of School Health ◽

10.1111/j.1746-1561.1944.tb08416.x ◽

1944 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 55-55

Author(s):

Thomas Parran

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Problem ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Major Public Health Problem

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Development of new dinuclear Fe(III) coordination compounds with in vitro nanomolar antitrypanosomal activity

Dalton Transactions ◽

10.1039/d1dt01048d ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Felipe Figuerôa Moreira ◽

Juliana de Araujo Portes ◽

Nathalia Florencia Barros Azeredo ◽

Christiane Fernandes ◽

Adolfo Horn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽

Chagas Disease ◽

Health Problem ◽

Coordination Compounds ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Neglected Tropical Disease ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Protozoan Pathogen

Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi. The disease is the major public health problem affecting about 6 to 7 million people worldwide,...

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Smoking in Latin America: a major public health problem

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x1998000700010 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 14 (suppl 3) ◽

pp. S109-S115 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Vera Luiza da Costa e Silva ◽

Sergio Koifman

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

Health Problem ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Lung Cancer Mortality ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Tobacco Epidemic ◽

Latin American Countries

Smoking has become a major public health problem in Latin America, and its scope varies from country to country. Despite difficulties in obtaining methodologically consistent data for the region, we analyzed the results from prevalence surveys in 14 Latin American countries. Smoking prevalence among men varied from 24.1% (Paraguay) to 66.3% (Dominican Republic) and among women from 5.5% (Paraguay) to 26,6% (Uruguay). By applying point prevalence data to the stage model of the tobacco epidemic in developed countries, we concluded that the Latin American countries are in stage 2, i.e., with a clearly rising prevalence among men, a prevalence for women that is beginning to increase, and mortality attributable to smoking among men still not reflecting peak prevalence. None of the countries analyzed appeared to have reached stage 3, in which one observes a downward trend in prevalence of smoking among men and peak prevalence among women, with broad impact on tobacco-related mortality. The only exception appears to be Paraguay, which is still emerging from stage 1, i.e., with low prevalence rates among men, too. Nevertheless, high lung cancer mortality rates in Uruguay and Argentina are comparable to those of the developed countries.

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Cerebral Cystic Echinococcosis

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2020/1754231 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Abolghasem Siyadatpanah ◽

Enrico Brunetti ◽

Amir Emami Zeydi ◽

Yousef Dadi Moghadam ◽

Nelson Iván Agudelo Higuita

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Problem ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Cystic Echinococcosis ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cestode Species ◽

Iranian Patient ◽

The World ◽

The Brain

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected helminthic disease and major public health problem in several regions of the world. The zoonosis is caused by the larval stage of different cestode species belonging to the genus Echinococcus. CE can affect any organ with the liver and lungs being most commonly involved. The brain is involved in less than 2% of the cases. We report a case of a CE1 echinococcal cyst of the brain in an Iranian patient.

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The Burden of Orphans and Vulnerable Children Due to HIV/AIDS in Cameroon

The Open AIDS Journal ◽

10.2174/1874613601206010245 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 245-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Dickson S Nsagha ◽

Anne-Cécile ZK Bissek ◽

Sarah M Nsagha ◽

Jules-Clement N Assob ◽

Henri-Lucien F Kamga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Integrated Care ◽

Health Problem ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Vulnerable Children ◽

Orphans And Vulnerable Children ◽

Aids Orphans ◽

Hiv Aids

HIV/AIDS is a major public health problem in Cameroon and Africa, and the challenges of orphans and vulnerable children are a threat to child survival, growth and development. The HIV prevalence in Cameroon was estimated at 5.1% in 2010. The objective of this study was to assess the burden of orphans and vulnerable children due to HIV/AIDS in Cameroon. A structured search to identify publications on orphans and other children made vulnerable by AIDS was carried out. A traditional literature search on google, PubMed and Medline using the keywords: orphans, vulnerable children, HIV/AIDS and Cameroon was conducted to identify potential AIDS orphans publications, we included papers on HIV prevalence in Cameroon, institutional versus integrated care of orphans, burden of children orphaned by AIDS and projections, impact of AIDS orphans on Cameroon, AIDS orphans assisted through the integrated care approach, and comparism of the policies of orphans care in the central African sub-region. We also used our participatory approach working experience with traditional rulers, administrative authorities and health stakeholders in Yaounde I and Yaounde VI Councils, Nanga Eboko Health District, Isangelle and Ekondo Titi Health Areas, Bafaka-Balue, PLAN Cameroon, the Pan African Institute for Development-West Africa, Save the orphans Foundation, Ministry of Social Affairs, and the Ministry of Public Health. Results show that only 9% of all OVC in Cameroon are given any form of support. AIDS death continue to rise in Cameroon. In 1995, 7,900 people died from AIDS in the country; and the annual number rose to 25,000 in 2000. Out of 1,200,000 orphans and vulnerable children in Cameroon in 2010, 300,000(25%) were AIDS orphans. Orphans and the number of children orphaned by AIDS has increased dramatically from 13,000 in 1995 to 304,000 in 2010. By 2020, this number is projected to rise to 350,000. These deaths profoundly affect families, which often are split up and left without any means of support. Similarly, the death of many people in their prime working years hamper the economy. Businesses are adversely affected due to the need to recruit and train new staff. Health and social service systems suffer from the loss of health workers, teachers, and other skilled workers. OVC due to HIV/AIDS are a major public health problem in Cameroon as the HIV prevalence continues its relentless increase with 141 new infections per day. In partnership with the Ministry of Social Affairs and other development organizations, the Ministry of Public Health has been striving hard to provide for the educational and medical needs of the OVC, vocational training for the out-of- school OVC and income generating activities for foster families and families headed by children. A continous multi-sectorial approach headed by the government to solve the problem of OVC due to AIDS is very important. In line with the foregoing, recommendations are proposed for the way forward.

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