Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Hunted Wild Boars (Sus scrofa): Heart Meat Juice as an Alternative Sample to Serum for the Detection of Antibodies

SUMMARYKnowledge of the factors affecting the presence of Toxoplasma gondii in wildlife is limited. Here we analyse which local landscape characteristics are associated with the presence of toxoplasmosis in wild boar, Sus scrofa, on the island of Corsica, France. Meat juice samples from 1399 wild boars collected during two hunting seasons were tested for T. gondii antibodies using the modified agglutination test (titre 1:4). The overall seroprevalence was 0·55 (95% CI 0·50–0·59) for the first year and 0·33 (95% CI 0·29–0·35) for the second year. Seroprevalence varied according to age and county. At the county level, seropositivity in adults was related to farm density during year 1, and to habitat fragmentation, farm density and altitude during year 2. The exposure of wild boar to T. gondii is thus variable according to landscape characteristics and probably results in a variable risk of transmission of toxoplasmosis to humans.

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Toxoplasma gondii infection in wild boars (Sus scrofa) from the State of São Paulo, Brazil: Serology, molecular characterization, and hunter's perception on toxoplasmosis

Veterinary Parasitology Regional Studies and Reports ◽

10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100534 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 100534

Author(s):

Dália Monique Ribeiro Machado ◽

Luiz Daniel de Barros ◽

Beatriz de Souza Lima Nino ◽

Andressa de Souza Pollo ◽

Ana Clécia dos Santos Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

The State ◽

São Paulo ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

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Comparison of Serum and Meat Juice for Detection of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Hunted Wild Boars (Sus scrofa)

Trends in Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-36488-4_15 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 79-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Ranucci ◽

F. Veronesi ◽

I. Di Matteo ◽

R. Branciari ◽

D. Miraglia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Meat Juice

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Toxoplasma gondii infection in wild boars (Sus scrofa) bred in Brazil

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.05.005 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 164 (2-4) ◽

pp. 333-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Felipe Fornazari ◽

Helio Langoni ◽

Rodrigo Costa da Silva ◽

Alessandro Guazzelli ◽

Márcio Garcia Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in feral wild boars (Sus scrofa) through indirect hemagglutination and PCR

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20180640 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laila Natasha Santos Brandão ◽

Janaina Marcela Assunção Rosa ◽

Beatris Kramer ◽

Alessandra Tammy Hayakawa Ito de Sousa ◽

Iara Maria Trevisol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Source Of Infection ◽

Blood Clots ◽

Indirect Hemagglutination ◽

Feral Animals ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽

Cooked Meat

ABSTRACT: Wild boars (Sus scrofa) have become an important invasive species in all Brazilian regions. Increase in their population causes damage to rural properties, as they invade and destroy crops. To protect their crops and farm animals, producers hunt wild boars and often consume the product without any sanitary control, becoming exposed to various types of pathogens, including Toxoplasma gondii. Sanitary evaluations of these animals are scarce, especially in relation to the protozoan T. gondii. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of this pathogen in wild boars in Brazil. We analyzed 122 blood samples from wild boars (blood clots and serum), collected between 2014 and 2016 in five Brazilian states, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and indirect hemagglutination (IH) techniques. In total, 33 (27%) samples were positive by at least one test, 16 (13.1%) were positive by PCR, 19 (15.6%) were positive by IH, and only 2 (1.6%) were positive by both tests. The lack of sanitary management of feral animals increases the incidence of infections, and the consumption of raw or inadequately cooked meat may become a potential source of infection for humans in Brazil.

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Trichinella spiralis infections in wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Korea

Parasitology International ◽

10.1016/j.parint.2013.08.015 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 62 (6) ◽

pp. 583-585 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Seung Won Kang ◽

Huong Thi Thanh Doan ◽

Jin Hyeong Noh ◽

Se Eun Choe ◽

Mi Sun Yoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Trichinella Spiralis ◽

Wild Boars

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Wild Boars, Wild Rabbits, and Wild Chickens in Hubei Province, China

The Korean Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.85 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 85-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Houqiang Luo ◽

Kun Li ◽

Muhammad Shahzad ◽

Hui Zhang ◽

Yanfang Lan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Hubei Province ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

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Seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in wild boars (Sus scrofa), hunting dogs, and hunters of Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0223474 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. e0223474 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fernanda Pistori Machado ◽

Louise Bach Kmetiuk ◽

Pedro Irineu Teider-Junior ◽

Maysa Pellizzaro ◽

Ana Carolina Yamakawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Hunting Dogs

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Meat juice serology for Toxoplasma gondii infection in chickens

Italian Journal of Food Safety ◽

10.4081/ijfs.2016.5586 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alice Vismarra ◽

Carlo Mangia ◽

Elena Barilli ◽

Franco Brindani ◽

Cristina Bacci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Serological Test ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Heart Tissue ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Free Range ◽

Meat Juice ◽

Specific Pcr ◽

Test Specificity ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Toxoplasma gondii is an important food-borne zoonoses. Free-range chickens are at particularly high risk of infection and are also excellent indicators of soil contamination by oocysts. In the present study, hearts of 77 free-range chickens were collected at slaughter. T. gondii meat juice ELISA was performed with a commercial kit, following validation with positive controls, from experimentally infected chickens, and negative ones. Out of 77 samples, only 66 gave sufficient meat juice for serology. Of these, 24 (36.4%) were positive for T. gondii considering the 5*SD values (calculated on the OD of negative controls) while all the samples were negative considering S/P% values. Parasite-specific PCR was carried out on all samples obtained from heart tissue and none were positive for the presence of T. gondii DNA. Results would suggest that further study on the use of meat juice with a validated serological test to detect T. gondii in chickens could lead to widespread epidemiological studies in this important intermediate host. However, sample collection and test specificity require further evaluation.

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