Group-based network pruning via nonlinear relationship between convolution filters

Investigating the interactions of granular fertilizers with various types of equipment is an essential part of agricultural research. A numerical technique simulating the mechanical behavior of granular assemblies has the advantage of data trackings, such as the trajectories, velocities, and transient forces of the particles at any stage of the test. The interaction parameters were calibrated to simulate responses of granular fertilizers in EDEM, a discrete element method (DEM) software. Without a proper calibration of the interaction parameters between the granular fertilizers and various materials, the simulations may not represent the real behavior of the granular fertilizers. Therefore, in this study, a strategy is presented to identify and select a set of DEM input parameters of granular fertilizers using the central composite design (CCD) to establish the nonlinear relationship between the dynamic macroscopic granular fertilizer properties and the DEM parameters. The determined interaction properties can be used to simulate granular fertilizers in EDEM.

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The Nonlinear Relation between Institutional Ownership and Environmental, Social and Governance Performance in Emerging Countries

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13031586 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1586 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jennifer Martínez-Ferrero ◽

María-Belén Lozano

Keyword(s):

Institutional Investors ◽

Critical Mass ◽

Institutional Ownership ◽

Emerging Countries ◽

Nonlinear Relationship ◽

Environmental Disclosure ◽

Significant Percentage ◽

Nonlinear Relation

This paper examines how the level of institutional ownership affects environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance in emerging countries by jointly investigating a nonlinear relationship. By examining an international sample composed of 17,318 firm–year observations from the period 2012–18 for 16 emerging countries, our findings reveal that the ESG performance of firms located in emerging countries depends on the level of influential institutional ownership, and displays a U-shaped relation, particularly for environmental disclosure. Institutional investors with low ownership are less likely to promote higher ESG performance in emerging countries, although this effect is attenuated when institutional ownership reaches a significant percentage, constituting a critical mass.

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