Pathogens detected in the tick Haemaphysalis concinna in Western Poland: known and unknown threats

AbstractIn recent years, a new focus of the relict tick Haemaphysalis concinna was discovered in Western Poland, near Wolsztyn, Greater Poland voivodeship. This species may play an important role in the circulation of pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. In the present study we tested 880 juvenile ticks collected from rodents, including 427 H. concinna, 443 Ixodes ricinus and 10 Dermacentor reticulatus for three of the most common pathogens vectored by ticks in Poland: Rickettsia and Babesia spp. and Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. Additionally, molecular techniques were applied for accurate identification of tick host species (the voles Microtus and Alexandromys). Our study found differences in the range and prevalence of vectored pathogens between the three tick species. DNA of all three pathogens was found in I. ricinus. In juvenile H. concinna, DNA of Babesia microti, Borrelia afzelii and Rickettsia sp. was identified. Moreover, DNA of a new unnamed Babesia species related to B. crassa, was found in two H. concinna nymphs. This genotype of Babesia was previously identified in H. concinna in the Far East and then in Central Europe. DNA of Rickettsia raoulti and B. afzelii was detected in D. reticulatus nymphs. Among rodent hosts, Alexandromys oeconomus seems to be host of the highest significance for juvenile tick stages and was the only host species with B. afzelii detected in blood samples. Using phylogenetic methods, we confirmed a clear division between rodents from the genera Microtus and Alexandromys. Moreover, we found that A. oeconomus trapped in Western Poland clustered with a Central European A. oeconomus allopatric phylogroup.

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Novel Protozoans in Austria Revealed through the Use of Dogs as Sentinels for Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9071392 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 1392

Author(s):

Michiel Wijnveld ◽

Anna-Margarita Schötta ◽

Theresa Stelzer ◽

Georg Duscher ◽

Michael Leschnik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽

Blot Hybridization ◽

Dermacentor Reticulatus ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Babesia Microti ◽

Rickettsia Helvetica ◽

Haemaphysalis Concinna ◽

Borrelia Lusitaniae ◽

Rickettsia Monacensis ◽

Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Stricto

We previously isolated and cultivated the novel Rickettsia raoultii strain Jongejan. This prompted us to ask whether this strain is unique or more widely present in Austria. To assess this issue, we retrospectively screened ticks collected from dogs in 2008. Of these collected ticks, we randomly selected 75 (47 females and 28 males) Dermacentor reticulatus, 44 (21 females, 7 males, and 16 nymphs) Haemaphysalis concinna, and 55 (52 females and 3 males) ticks of the Ixodes ricinus complex. Subsequently, these ticks were individually screened for the presence of tick-borne pathogens using the reverse line blot hybridization assay. In our current study, we detected DNA from the following microbes in D. reticulatus: Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia lusitaniae, Borrelia spielmanii, Borrelia valaisiana, and R. raoultii, all of which were R. raoultii strain Jongejan. In H. concinna, we found DNA of a Babesia sp., Rickettsia helvetica, and an organism closely related to Theileria capreoli. Lastly, I. ricinus was positive for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii/Borrelia bavariensis, B. lusitaniae, B. spielmanii, B. valaisiana, Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, Rickettsia helvetica, Rickettsia monacensis, and Theileria (Babesia) microti DNA. The detection of DNA of the Babesia sp. and an organism closely related to Theileria capreoli, both found in H. concinna ticks, is novel for Austria.

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Global Distribution of Babesia Species in Questing Ticks: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Based on Published Literature

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10020230 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 230

Author(s):

ThankGod E. Onyiche ◽

Cristian Răileanu ◽

Susanne Fischer ◽

Cornelia Silaghi

Keyword(s):

Tick Species ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Mammalian Species ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Ixodid Ticks ◽

Babesia Microti ◽

Babesia Species ◽

Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Questing Ticks ◽

Veterinary Importance

Babesiosis caused by the Babesia species is a parasitic tick-borne disease. It threatens many mammalian species and is transmitted through infected ixodid ticks. To date, the global occurrence and distribution are poorly understood in questing ticks. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to estimate the distribution of the pathogen. A deep search for four electronic databases of the published literature investigating the prevalence of Babesia spp. in questing ticks was undertaken and obtained data analyzed. Our results indicate that in 104 eligible studies dating from 1985 to 2020, altogether 137,364 ticks were screened with 3069 positives with an estimated global pooled prevalence estimates (PPE) of 2.10%. In total, 19 different Babesia species of both human and veterinary importance were detected in 23 tick species, with Babesia microti and Ixodesricinus being the most widely reported Babesia and tick species, respectively. Regardless of species, adult ticks with 2.60% had the highest infection rates, while larvae had the least with 0.60%. Similarly, female ticks with 4.90% were infected compared to males with 3.80%. Nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 2.80% had the highest prevalence among the molecular techniques employed. In conclusion, results obtained indicate that Babesia species are present in diverse questing tick species at a low prevalence, of which some are competent vectors.

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Babesia genotypes in Haemaphysalis concinna collected from birds in Hungary reflect phylogeographic connections with Siberia and the Far East

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.04.013 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 666-670 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Barbara Flaisz ◽

Kinga M. Sulyok ◽

Dávid Kováts ◽

Jenő Kontschán ◽

Tibor Csörgő ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Far East ◽

Haemaphysalis Concinna ◽

The Far East

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How, where and when authentic traditions of Jaw Harp music of Siberia and the Far East have been forming.

Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia ◽

10.25205/2312-6337-2020-1-9-32 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 9-32

Author(s):

A. V. Nikolsky ◽

E. Ye. Alekseyev ◽

I. Ye. Alekxeyev ◽

V. Ye. Dyakonova

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Far East ◽

Adequate Description ◽

Accurate Identification ◽

Modern Language ◽

The Far East ◽

Different Types ◽

Manufacturing Technologies ◽

Phonological Contrasts

This article reviews the milestones in the formation of acoustic, musicological, and cultural attributes of tonal organization in indigenous traditions of jaw harp music across Northeastern Eurasia – as related to the timeline of its geographic distribution. Phonology of jaw harp playing is compared to singing and speaking in establishing traits specific to jaw harp prosody. Based on the theories of harmonic residue and harmonic templates, a new model of phonological classification of jaw harp articulations is put forward. Phonological contrasts between jaw harp articulations are determined by the configuration of harmonics. Their configuration depends on mechanical properties of the material of which jaw harp is made. Different constructions of jaw harp produce different types of spectral texture. The general timeline of human mastering of various manufacturing technologies most likely determines the timeline of the succession of specific textural types. According to the entirety of the known information, the emergence of pan-cultural authentic Eastern Eurasian jaw harp tradition can be dated by 7–5 thousand years ago – after the establishment of the institution of personal song and prior to the formation of modern language families of Siberia and the Far East. The first part of this article defines the terminology required for accurate identification of music works created within the framework of traditional timbre-oriented music and for its adequate description. The article presents the preliminary results of the study of the perception of jaw harp articulations by its indigenous performers.

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Military Service and Adventures in the Far East

10.1017/cbo9781139178747 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Henry Mackinnon

Keyword(s):

Military Service ◽

Far East ◽

The Far East

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Is there a regional culture in Russia? Opportunities of using a sociocultural approach in economics

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2020-7-108-126 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 108-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. A. Bryzgalin ◽

Е. N. Nikishina

Keyword(s):

Far East ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Regional Culture ◽

Russian Regions ◽

Geographical Patterns ◽

Cross Cultural Differences ◽

The Far East ◽

Sociocultural Approach ◽

Critical Issues ◽

Russian Universities

The paper investigates cross-cultural differences across Russian regions using the methodology of G. Hofstede. First, it discusses the most common approaches in measuring culture and the application of the Hofstede methodology in subnational studies. It identifies the critical issues in measuring culture at the regional level and suggests several strategies to address them. Secondly, the paper introduces subregional data on individualism and uncertainty avoidance using a survey of students across 27 Russian universities. The data allow to establish geographical patterns of individualism in Russia. It is demonstrated that collectivism is most prevalent in the Volga region, while individualism characteristic becomes stronger towards the Far East. The findings are robust to the inclusion of various controls and different specifications of the regression model. Finally, the paper provides a discussion about the potential of applying the sociocultural approach in economics.

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