Contract as automaton: representing a simple financial agreement in computational form

ABSTRACTHajj as a great symbol of worship. Hajj is the fifth pillar of Islam which is mandatory for every Muslim who are able to da it in accordance with the legal requirement of pilgrimage. One of the legal conditions of Hajj is the capability, capable to cover the cost of the hajj and the family left behind. Panin Bank Dubai Sharia Bank was established based on the regulation of Limited Company No. 12 dated January 8, 1972 by Moeslim Dalidd, a notary in Malang. PT. Bank Panin Dubai Syariah Tbk has been legalized by the Financial Services Authority ("OJK"), in accordance with a copy of the policy of the Board of Commissioners of OJK No. Kep-29 / D.03 / 2016 on July 26, 2016.Therefore, through this research, the writer wants to understand: (1) how is the practice of applying alternative financial agreement of hajj and umrah after the implementation of regulation made by ministry of religious affair No. 24 year 2016 at Panin Bank Dubai Syariah Surabaya branch? (2) What is the analysis of Islamic law on the practice of multilateral contract alternative application in this Bank? Therefore, this study is aimed to, firstly, understand and describe the application of alternative contracts to hajj and umrah after the regulation of Ministry of Religious Affairs No. 24 of 2016 in Panin Bank Dubai Sharia branch Surabaya, and to describe the analysis of Sharia Economic Law about the practice of applying alternative contract in the bank.The method used in this research is qualitative method. The research data are taken in natural situation in Panin Bank Dubai Syariah Surabaya. The data are taken during operational hours using case study approach. Are done through interview technique with the main participant, Assistant Manager 1, and document, archive, book, sample of registration, as secondary data source. The data are analyzed through 3 (three) data deduction, display data and ended with conclusion and verification.The results of the study indicate that the Panin Bank Dubai Sharia runs in accordance with the government regulation No. 24 year 2016 "BPS BPIH is prohibited from providing direct and indirect Hajj money service" including Hajj and Umrah services using various financing products and funds saving, funds collecting in the form of deposits, savings or other forms, using multi-service financing akad wadi'ah, with the savings of hajj services with initial minimum deposit of Rp500,000,and according to customers’ ability. Keywords: hajj, umrah, wadi'ah.

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From atoms to bonds, angles and torsions: molecular metrics from crystal space, and two Excel implementations

Journal of Applied Crystallography ◽

10.1107/s1600576720007311 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 1101-1107

Author(s):

Leslie Glasser

Keyword(s):

Euclidean Space ◽

Matrix Functions ◽

Practical Application ◽

Torsion Angles ◽

Molecular Systems ◽

The Matrix ◽

Molecular Bond ◽

Crystal Space ◽

Vector Matrix ◽

Computational Form

Values of molecular bond lengths, bond angles and (less frequently) bond torsion angles are readily available from databases, from crystallographic software, and/or from interactive molecular and crystal visualization programs such as Jmol. However, the methods used to calculate these values are less well known. In this paper, the computational methods are described in detail, and live Excel implementations, which permit readers to readily perform the calculations for their own molecular systems, are provided. The methods described apply to both fractional coordinates in crystal space and Cartesian coordinates in Euclidean space (space in which the geometric postulates of Euclid are valid) and are vector/matrix based. In their simplest computational form, they are applied as algebraic expansions which are summed. They are also available in matrix formulations, which are readily manipulated and calculated using the matrix functions of Excel. In particular, their general formulation as metric matrices is introduced. The methods in use are illustrated by a detailed example of the calculations. This contribution provides a significant practical application which can also act as motivation for the study of matrix mathematics with respect to its many uses in chemistry.

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The computational form of craving is a selective multiplication of economic value

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1714443115 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 115 (16) ◽

pp. 4122-4127 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anna B. Konova ◽

Kenway Louie ◽

Paul W. Glimcher

Keyword(s):

Economic Value ◽

Food Craving ◽

World Food ◽

High Fat ◽

Computational Framework ◽

Size Number ◽

Experimental Tool ◽

Behavioral Signature ◽

Computational Form ◽

High Calorie

Craving is thought to be a specific desire state that biases choice toward the desired object, be it chocolate or drugs. A vast majority of people report having experienced craving of some kind. In its pathological form craving contributes to health outcomes in addiction and obesity. Yet despite its ubiquity and clinical relevance we still lack a basic neurocomputational understanding of craving. Here, using an instantaneous measure of subjective valuation and selective cue exposure, we identify a behavioral signature of a food craving-like state and advance a computational framework for understanding how this state might transform valuation to bias choice. We find desire induced by exposure to a specific high-calorie, high-fat/sugar snack good is expressed in subjects’ momentary willingness to pay for this good. This effect is selective but not exclusive to the exposed good; rather, we find it generalizes to nonexposed goods in proportion to their subjective attribute similarity to the exposed ones. A second manipulation of reward size (number of snack units available for purchase) further suggested that a multiplicative gain mechanism supports the transformation of valuation during laboratory craving. These findings help explain how real-world food craving can result in behaviors inconsistent with preferences expressed in the absence of craving and open a path for the computational modeling of craving-like phenomena using a simple and repeatable experimental tool for assessing subjective states in economic terms.

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Performative Surfaces Computational Form Finding Processes for the Inclusion of Detail in the Surface Condition

Computational Design Modelling ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-23435-4_26 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 225-238

Author(s):

Matias del Campo ◽

Sandra Manninger

Keyword(s):

Surface Condition ◽

Form Finding ◽

Computational Form

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So Who Gets the Kids?

Mrs. Naunakhte & Family ◽

10.5743/cairo/9789774167737.003.0009 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Koenraad Donker van Heel

Keyword(s):

Financial Agreement ◽

Wet Nurse

This chapter examines Menatnakhte's relationship with the workman Weserhat. Despite the fact that Menatnakhte was married to—or officially cohabited with—the workman Qenna, she had apparently also found time to have sexual relatoins with Weserhat. The verso of the Turin Strike Papyrus (P. Turin Cat. 1880) contains a number of memos mentioning Weserhat. One entry mentions three daughters whom Weserhat apparently refuses to give up, leading some authors to believe that his wife had died and that he now needed a wet nurse to bring up his children. A passage in the Turin Strike Papyrus has also been interpreted as a property division between a husband and his wife as the result of a divorce. The chapter considers the possibility that this property division between Weserhat and Menatnakhte could actually also be a financial agreement on account of their marriage. It also discusses the charges, mentioned in the Turin Strike Papyrus, brought forward by the workman Penanuqet against Weserhat.

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