Controlling the seed bank of the invasive plant Acacia saligna: comparison of the efficacy of prescribed burning, soil solarization, and their combination

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2875-2887 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Cohen ◽  
A. Gamliel ◽  
J. Katan ◽  
E. Kurzbaum ◽  
J. Riov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Soil Solarization ◽  
Acacia Saligna

scholarly journals Soil solarization based on natural soil moisture: a practical approach for reducing the seed bank of invasive plants in wetlands

NeoBiota ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Oded Cohen ◽  
Abraham Gamliel ◽  
Jaacov Katan ◽  
Iris Shubert ◽  
Aviv Guy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Soil Solarization ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Habitats

Soil solarization is a well-established method to disinfect soil for efficient weed control. However, the feasibility of applying this method in the restoration of invaded natural habitats is unclear. This is because soil moisture is necessary for the success of solarization, but pre-irrigation in natural ecosystems is often not applicable, or demands high labor investment, making it unsuitable for use in restoration. The present study was based on the idea that the relatively high soil moisture in wetlands might obviate the need for pre-irrigation, rendering this method much more applicable in natural habitats. We examined the efficacy of soil solarization using natural soil moisture to control the seed bank of the invasive plant, Acacia saligna, in a wetland, using large-scale experimental plots (0.38 ha each). An old, dense A. saligna grove was cut down and the roots were removed by a bulldozer. The plot was mulched with a transparent polyethylene sheet in early July and left on the soil for 14 weeks. Soil solarization significantly reduced the viability of seeds of A. saligna that had been experimentally buried. Additionally, viability of seeds in the natural seed bank was reduced, and seedling emergence was close to zero. Exposing seeds to soil temperature and soil moisture levels equivalent to those obtained during field soil solarization under controlled conditions significantly increased the release from dormancy of the seeds, suggesting that release from dormancy during the early stage of solarization is a critical stage leading to seed weakening or mortality in the soil. Soil solarization also decreased the cover and abundance of the natural vegetation; therefore, active revegetation is required to restore the natural vegetation and to conserve endangered and endemic species.

scholarly journals Morphological and anatomical comparison of mericarps from different types of umbels of Heracleum sosnowskyi / Sosnovskio barščio skirtingų tipų žiedynų merikarpių morfologinės ir anatominės sandaros palyginamoji analizė

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigita Jurkonienė ◽  
Tautvydas Žalnierius ◽  
Virgilija Gavelienė ◽  
Danguolė Švegždienė ◽  
Laurynas Šiliauskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Sem Micrographs ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Heracleum Sosnowskyi ◽  
Morphometrical Analysis ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Sosnowsky’s hogweed (Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden.) mericarps were collected from satellite and stem branch umbels for comparative anatomical investigation. Located near Vilnius city, the habitat of Heracleum sosnowskyi, formerly a natural forest edge has recently been densely occupied by plants of this species. SEM micrographs of abaxial and adaxial surfaces of mericarps obtained from satellite and stem branch umbels of H. sosnowskyi were similar, but morphometrical analysis revealed statistically significant differences in mericarps collected from satellite umbels, which were longer and wider than mericarps from stem branch umbels. The data on longitudinal sections of H. sosnowskyi mericarps clearly showed that embryos of satellite umbels were at later torpedo stage compared to embryos of stem branch umbels, which were at earlier heart stage. These data represent unequal development of the embryos in mericarps from different types of umbels. Such different development can be treated as an adaptation of the invasive plant to occupy the current habitat and survive in the seed bank by allowing the embryo to complete development within a seed and germinate when new conditions permit.

Effects of Targeted Grazing and Prescribed Burning on Community and Seed Dynamics of a Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum)–Dominated Landscape

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Diamond ◽  
Christopher A. Call ◽  
Nora Devoe
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Bromus Tectorum ◽  
Downy Brome ◽  
Stable States ◽  
Targeted Grazing ◽  
Northern Nevada ◽  
Seed Dynamics

AbstractDowny brome (Bromus tectorum L.)—dominated communities can remain as stable states for long periods, even with frequent disturbance by grazing and fire. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of using targeted cattle grazing and late-season prescribed burning, alone and in combination, to reduce B. tectorum seed bank input and seed bank density and thus alter aboveground community dynamics (species composition) on a B. tectorum–dominated landscape in northern Nevada. Cattle removed 80 to 90% of standing biomass in grazed plots in May of 2005 and 2006 when B. tectorum was in the boot (phenological) stage. Grazed and ungrazed plots were burned in October 2005 and 2006. The combined grazing–burning treatment was more effective than either treatment alone in reducing B. tectorum seed input and seed bank density, and in shifting species composition from a community dominated by B. tectorum to one composed of a suite of species, with B. tectorum as a component rather than a dominant. This study provides a meso-scale precursor for landscape-scale adaptive management using grazing and burning methodologies.

Response of soil seed bank to a prescribed burning in a subtropical pine–oak forest

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Zuloaga-Aguilar ◽  
Alma Orozco-Segovia ◽  
Oscar Briones ◽  
Enrique Jardel Pelaez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Prescribed Burn ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Understorey Vegetation ◽  
Physiological Dormancy

Prescribed burning is a management instrument applied to reduce the risk of fire and favour revegetation. Our objective was to generate information about the dynamics of post-fire regeneration via the soil seed bank (SSB), for fire management in subtropical forests. Samples taken at soil depths of 0–3cm, 3–6 cm and 6–10 cm before and 5 h after a prescribed burn showed that the fire immediately increased the number of germinable seeds and species in a Mexican pine–oak forest. Most of the germinable seeds were from species in genera with small seeds exhibiting physical or physiological dormancy, and that are tolerant or require fire for germination. Fire increased the number of germinable seeds during the wet season and the number of species was greater in the area control at 0–6-cm soil depth after 1 year; so that the fire modified the SSB seasonal pattern. Species diversity was not altered and was dominated by perennial herbaceous and shrub species both before and 2 years after the fire. Although fire completely eliminated the aboveground biomass of the understorey vegetation, the SSB can promote regeneration and persistence of understorey vegetation following a prescribed surface fire of low severity for the ecosystem studied.

scholarly journals Invasive species in the soil seed bank of two limestone hills in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Winda Utami Putri ◽  
Ibnul Qayim ◽  
Abdul Qadir
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
West Java ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Putri WU, Qayim I, Qadir A. 2021. Invasive species in the soil seed bank of two limestone hills in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4019-4027. Study on the impact of invasive species on plant communities has been conducted mainly on the aboveground vegetation. The impact on the soil seed bank has received less attention mostly due to practical difficulties in conducting seed bank assessment. Evaluation of seed bank composition is useful in detecting invasive plant species that may have been present as buried seeds. Information on the vegetation composition in Nyungcung and Kapur hills both under and aboveground is available, but specific information on invasive species has not been discussed yet. This paper describes and analyzes the structure (composition and density) of invasive species in the soil seed bank. Eighty soil samples were taken from the study sites. The soil seed banks were analyzed using seedling emergence and seed extraction methods. 2602 and 1280 seedlings emerged from soil seed bank of Nyungcung and Kapur hills, respectively. From that number, approximately 48.96% and 68.51% of the seedlings are invasive species in the soil seed bank of Nyungcung and Kapur hills. The invasive species were dominants in the soil seed bank of the two sites. Cecropia peltata and Clidemia hirta were the most abundant invasive species in the Kapur and Nyungcung hills seed bank, respectively. Species richness and seedling density were higher in Nyungcung hills than Kapur hills, which were invaded for a relatively longer period.

Prescribed burning of northern heathlands: Calluna vulgaris germination cues and seed-bank dynamics

Plant Ecology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger E. Måren ◽  
Zdeněk Janovský ◽  
Joachim P. Spindelböck ◽  
Matthew I. Daws ◽  
Peter E. Kaland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Calluna Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Bank Dynamics ◽  
Germination Cues

Rain‐based soil solarization for reducing the persistent seed banks of invasive plants in natural ecosystems – Acacia saligna as a model

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1933-1941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oded Cohen ◽  
Pua Bar (Kutiel) ◽  
Abraham Gamliel ◽  
Jaacov Katan ◽  
Eyal Kurzbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Soil Solarization ◽  
Acacia Saligna ◽  
Natural Ecosystems

scholarly journals Native seed addition as an effective tool for post-invasion restoration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bucharova ◽  
František Krahulec
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Native Grasses ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Native Seed ◽  
Rumex Alpinus

AbstractInvasive plant species reduce biodiversity, alter ecosystem processes, and cause economic losses. Control of invasive plants is therefore highly desired by land managers and policy makers. However, invasive plant control strategies frequently fail, partly because management often concentrates only on the eradication of invasive plants and not on revegetation with native species that use the available resources and prevent reinvasion. In this study, we focused on the intracontinental invader Rumex alpinus L., which was introduced by humans from the Alps to the lower mountains of Central Europe, where it has spread to semi-natural meadows, suppresses local biodiversity, and reduces the quality of hay used as cattle fodder. The species can be effectively removed using herbicide, but this leaves behind a persistent seed bank. Without further treatment, the invader rapidly regenerates and reinvades the area. We supplemented the herbicide treatment by adding the seeds of native grasses. Addition of native-seed effectively suppressed the regeneration of the invader from the seed bank, reduced its biomass, and consequently, prevented massive reinvasion. While the invader removal was successful, the restored community remained species-poor because the dense sward of native grasses blocked the regeneration of native forbs from the seed bank. Nevertheless, the addition of native seed proved to be an effective tool in preventing reinvasion after the eradication of the invasive plant.

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