Rural Livelihood Variation and its Effects on Child Growth in Timor-Leste

Human Ecology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 787-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phoebe R. Spencer ◽  
Katherine A. Sanders ◽  
Debra S. Judge
Keyword(s):  
Child Growth ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
Timor Leste

scholarly journals Relationships of Resource Strategies, Family Composition, and Child Growth in Two Rural Timor-Leste Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phoebe R. Spencer ◽  
Debra S. Judge
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Family Composition ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Pension Income ◽  
Timor Leste

Subsistence and economic activities undertaken by households in the context of transition from subsistence farming to cash economies are sometimes seen as substitutable with only minimal reference to the households themselves. We use data from in-depth interviews of 190 householders in Ossu (mountains) and Natarbora (coastal plains), Timor-Leste, to query relationships of family composition, resource strategies, and their relationships to children’s growth. Principal component analyses of six household composition variables reveal “grandparent and fostered-in children”, “two generational households with numerous adults and children”, and “smaller households with few adults and fostered-out children”, explaining 72% of the variance. A similar procedure with 11 resource variables produced four components explaining 56% of resource variance. Households with grandparents have a pension income and engage in large animal husbandry, and are associated with better standardized BMI for resident children. Households with numerous members (but not grandparents) are more invested in subsistence gardening and are negatively associated with child stature. Salaried income is not associated with household composition, but children in these households are taller than their peers. Consistent differences between the two communities are partially a result of differences in socioecology, but there remain unexplained differences that may relate to cultural practices.

Household resources and seasonal patterns of child growth in rural Timor-Leste

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. e22916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phoebe R. Spencer ◽  
Katherine A. Sanders ◽  
Pedro Canisio Amaral ◽  
Debra S. Judge
Keyword(s):  
Child Growth ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Household Resources ◽  
Timor Leste

Monitoring water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) programmes in Timor-Leste with time-stamped, geo-coded images

Waterlines ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Christensen Rand ◽  
Crispen Wilson ◽  
Jessica Mercer
Keyword(s):  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
Coded Images

Entrepreneurship Problems and its remedies for Rural Villages in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-210
Author(s):  
Dileep N ◽  
Bhavani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Financial Growth ◽  
Marketing Methods

India’s most of the population lives in rural villages, approximately 73%  (SandeepSaxena) of the population held up with agriculture and associated works as their main stream of income resources. The Countries economic development and financial growth fundamentally depends on the rural area and their living standards of rural population. Entrepreneurship in rural areas is one of the utmost important initiate towards economic development of county and its constituencies. Rural Entrepreneurship facilitates to uses the scarce resources in most effective manner thus increasing profits and rural livelihood. Due to lack of educational knowledge gap most of the rural entrepreneurs are unaware of the innovative development techniques and modern marketing methods etc. The main problem faced by rural entrepreneurs is raw materials and financial investments. Commonly rural entrepreneurs face the strange problems like, lack of training and development programs, fear of risk, and lack of experience in business, illiteracy, limited market scope and competition from the city entrepreneurs.

Market Survey of Non-Timber Forest Products in the Sunyani Municipality

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
S.D. Akoto
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Communal Lands ◽  
Forest Lands

This study sought to: (1) identify the types and sources of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) traded; (2) find the frequencyof the NTFPs trade and (3) identify the challenges in NTFPs trading in the Sunyani Municipality. The survey was carried outfrom February, 2014 to April, 2014 mainly at the Sunyani Central and Nana Bosoma Markets in the Sunyani Municipality. Thetarget population comprised NTFPs collectors (gatherers), sellers and consumers. Respondents were purposively sampled. Atotal of 100 respondents were engaged in this study. The NTFPs were grouped into six categories namely; food, medicine,building materials, packaging materials, artefacts and domestic utensils. Key informants’ interviews were also conducted atthe Sunyani Forest Services Division to triangulate the data already gathered. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was usedto analyze the data obtained. The study demonstrated that domestic utensils (37%), food (33%), medicinal products (12%),packaging materials (9%), artefacts (6%) and building materials (3%) were the types of NTFPs traded in the two market centers.The results also showed that majority of the respondents (77%) harvest their NTFPs from forest lands as against 23% whoharvest from communal lands. A significant proportion of the respondents (52%) traded in above 40 kg of NTFPs and only 4%were seen trading in 10 kg of NTFPs. The study further highlighted that food (28%) and domestic utensils (26%) were regularlybrought to the market centers on weekly basis whilst significant proportions of medicinal products (9%), building materials(3%) and artefacts (4%) were brought to the market venues on monthly basis. Cumbersome permit procedure (40%), increasedmarket demand (15%) and financial constraints (20%) were identified as some of the challenges encountered in NTFPs tradingin the Sunyani Municipality. To ensure strict monitoring and sustainability of the resource, there is the need for sensitizationprogramme on the importance of NTFPs in rural livelihood and why their conservation is vital in meeting the needs of thepresent generation whilst not undermining their potential in supplying the needs of future generations.

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