A New but Gloomy Picture: The First Photographic Evidence of Grey Wolf in Nowshera District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

The first serious electron microscooic studies of chromosomes accompanied by pictures were by I. Elvers in 1941 and 1943. His prodigious study, from the manufacture of micronets to the development of procedures for interpreting electron micrographs has gone all but unnoticed. The application of todays sophisticated equipment confirms many of the findings he gleaned from interpretation of images distorted by the electron optics of that time. In his figure 18 he notes periodic arrangement of pepsin sensitive “prickles” now called secondary fibers. In his figure 66 precise regularity of arrangement of these fibers can be seen. In his figure 22 he reproduces Siegbahn's first stereoscopic electron micrograph of chromosomes.The two stereoscopic pairs of electron micrographs of a human chromosome presented here were taken with a metallurgical stage on a Phillips EM200. These views are interpreted as providing photographic evidence that primary fibers (1°F) about 1,200Å thick are surrounded by secondary fibers (2°F) arranged in regular intervals of about 2,800Å in this metanhase human chromosome. At the telomere the primary fibers bend back on themselves and entwine through the center of each of each chromatid. The secondary fibers are seen to continue to surround primary fibers at telomeres. Thus at telomeres, secondary fibers present a surface not unlike that of the side of the chromosome, and no more susceptible to the addition of broken elements from other chromosomes.

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Challenges in perspective of life skills acquisition; implication for placement of life skills in university curriculum

Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports ◽

10.15561/26649837.2020.0406 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 189-194

Author(s):

Wasim Khan ◽

Salahuddin Khan ◽

Tasleem Arif ◽

Sohail R. Khan

Keyword(s):

Life Skills ◽

Student Athletes ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Target Population ◽

Skills Acquisition ◽

Significance Level ◽

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽

Educational Curriculum

Background and Study Aim: The main purpose behind the study was to establish the challenges in relation to the acquisition of life skills among university student-athletes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study assessed the extent to which the concern existing resources, facilitators, and trainer attitude influences life skills acquisition among student-athletes. Material and Methods: Descriptive survey research design was followed to obtain desirable results. The target population of this study consisted of all those who participated in different sport at the university level of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Amongst them, we selected a representative sample (n=389 fifty 50% of the total population) with the help of a simple random sampling technique. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version, 24 was used to code and analyse the data. The hypotheses were tested by applying statistical tests like Step-wise regression and independents sample t-test. The significance level of 0.05 was fixed to accept or reject the set hypotheses. Results: Findings of the study indicated that existing resources, facilitators, and trainer/coach attitude significantly influences life skills acquisition among student-athletes (.001, .001 & .000 < .05). The analysed data revealed no significantly difference regarding extent to which specific challenges such as existing resources, facilitators, and trainer attitude influences the acquisition of life skills (.500, .133 & .149 > .05). Conclusions: The findings of the study revealed that all participants have agreed upon the importance of life skills. Therefore, the life skills course might be considered as an integral part of every educational curriculum of Pakistan. It is suggested that a minimum of 2 hours per week may be included in the educational curriculum of each discipline.

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An Application of Grey Wolf Optimizer for Solving Combined Economic Emission Dispatch Problems

International Review on Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS) ◽

10.15866/iremos.v7i5.2799 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 838 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Hong Mee Song ◽

Mohd Herwan Sulaiman ◽

Mohd Rusllim Mohamed

Keyword(s):

Grey Wolf Optimizer ◽

Grey Wolf ◽

Emission Dispatch ◽

Economic Emission Dispatch

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Budget Management Analysis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa for Improved Service Delivery

10.1596/29350 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Service Delivery ◽

Budget Management ◽

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

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Evaluation of Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm on Rigid and Flexible Receptor Docking

10.26434/chemrxiv.11733393 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kin Meng Wong ◽

Shirley Siu

Keyword(s):

Scoring Function ◽

Ligand Docking ◽

Receptor Protein ◽

Pose Prediction ◽

Grey Wolf ◽

Success Rates ◽

Autodock Vina ◽

Grey Wolf Optimization ◽

Structure Based Drug Design ◽

Docking Program

Protein-ligand docking programs are indispensable tools for predicting the binding pose of a ligand to the receptor protein in current structure-based drug design. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of grey wolf optimization (GWO) in protein-ligand docking. Two versions of the GWO docking program – the original GWO and the modified one with random walk – were implemented based on AutoDock Vina. Our rigid docking experiments show that the GWO programs have enhanced exploration capability leading to significant speedup in the search while maintaining comparable binding pose prediction accuracy to AutoDock Vina. For flexible receptor docking, the GWO methods are competitive in pose ranking but lower in success rates than AutoDockFR. Successful redocking of all the flexible cases to their holo structures reveals that inaccurate scoring function and lack of proper treatment of backbone are the major causes of docking failures.

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