scholarly journals Sleeping Site and Tree Selection by Bale Monkeys (Chlorocebus djamdjamensis) at Kokosa Forest Fragment in Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addisu Mekonnen ◽  
Peter J. Fashing ◽  
Vivek V. Venkataraman ◽  
Colin A. Chapman ◽  
Nils Chr. Stenseth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predator Avoidance ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Fragmented Forest ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Foliage Density ◽  
Sleeping Sites ◽  
Access To Food

AbstractAlthough selecting advantageous sleeping sites is crucial for nonhuman primates, the extent to which different factors contribute to their selection remains largely unknown for many species. We investigated hypotheses relating to predator avoidance, food access, and thermoregulation to explain the sleeping behavior of Bale monkeys (Chlorocebus djamdjamensis) occupying a degraded fragmented forest, Kokosa, in the southern Ethiopian Highlands. We found that the study group reused 11 out of 20 sleeping sites used during the 42 study days over a 6-month period. Sleeping sites were usually close to the last feeding trees of the day (mean distance =15.2 m) and/or the first feeding trees of the next morning (mean distance = 13.5 m). This may reflect an attempt to maximize feeding efficiency and reduce travel costs. Compared to the mean trees in the study area, sleeping trees were significantly shorter. Bale monkeys selected sleeping places in trees with high foliage density above and below them, lending support to the hypothesis that they select sleeping places that can conceal them from predators and at the same time offer shelter from cold weather. The monkeys also frequently huddled at night. Our results suggest that predator avoidance, access to food resources, and thermoregulation all likely influence the selection of sleeping sites by Bale monkeys.

scholarly journals Sleeping site use of the white-headed langur Trachypithecus leucocephalus: The role of predation risk, territorial defense, and proximity to feeding sites

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayong Li ◽  
Qihai Zhou ◽  
Xiaoping Tang ◽  
Henglian Huang ◽  
Chengming Huang
Keyword(s):  
Central Area ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Trachypithecus Leucocephalus ◽  
Sleeping Site ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Site Use ◽  
Sleeping Sites ◽  
Contrast Group ◽  
Central Place Forager

Abstract We collected data on sleeping site use from two groups of white-headed langurs Trachypithecus leucocephalus living in Fusui Nature Reserve, China between August 2007 and July 2008. This information was used to test several hypotheses regarding ultimate causes of sleeping site use in this primate. White-headed langurs slept either in caves (17 sites) or on a cliff ledge (one site). They used all sleeping sites repeatedly, and reused some of them on consecutive nights; three nights was the longest consecutive use of any one sleep site. We suggest that langurs use sleeping sites to make approach and attack by predators difficult, and to increase their own familiarity with a location so as to improve chances for escape. Langurs’ cryptic behaviors with an increased level of vigilance before entering sleeping sites may also help in decreasing the possibility of detection by predators. Group 1 spent more sleeping nights in the central area of their territory than expected; in contrast, group 2 spent more sleeping nights in the periphery of their territory, which overlaps with that of another groups, than expected. The position of sleeping site relative to the last feeding site of the day and the first feeding site of the subsequent morning indicated a strategy closer to that of a multiple central place forager than of a central place forager. These results suggest that territory defense and food access may play an important role in sleeping site use of white-headed langurs.

Participatory Research in Action: Improving Access to Food Stamps

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Oswald ◽  
Maria Aceves ◽  
Hilda Chan ◽  
Marisela Espitia ◽  
Sandra Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Research ◽  
Food Stamps ◽  
Access To Food

Cold Weather Integrity Dig on a Scenic River, Northern Michigan

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay B. Bergman ◽  
Robert J. Schoneberger ◽  
Matthew A. Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Cold Weather ◽  
Northern Michigan

99. Characterization of Cold Weather Plumes from Jet Engine Start-UPS

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Armendariz ◽  
D. Leith ◽  
M. Boundy ◽  
R. Goodman ◽  
L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cold Weather ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
Engine Start

Seaweed traits linked to wave exposure determine predator avoidance

2013 ◽  
Vol 483 ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Long ◽  
L Porturas ◽  
E Jones ◽  
C Kwan ◽  
GC Trussell
Keyword(s):  
Predator Avoidance ◽  
Wave Exposure

Vulnerability of sweet cherry cultivars to continuous periods of spring frosts in Plovdiv, Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-352
Author(s):  
S. Malchev ◽  
S. Savchovska
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Intermediate Group ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Group Form ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Abstract. The periods with continuous freezing air temperatures reported during the spring of 2020 (13 incidents) affected a wide range of local and introduced sweet cherry cultivars in the region of Plovdiv. They vary from -0.6°C on March 02 to -4.9°C on March 16-17. The duration of influence of the lowest temperatures is 6 and 12 hours between March 16 and 17. The inspection of fruit buds and flowers was conducted twice (on March 26 and April 08) at different phenological stages after continuous waves of cold weather conditions alternated with high temperatures. During the phenological phase ‘bud burst’ (tight cluster or BBCH 55) some of the flowers in the buds did not develop further making the damage hardly detectable. The most damaged are hybrid El.28-21 (95.00%), ‘Van’ (91.89%) and ‘Bing’ (89.41%) and from the next group ‘Lapins’ (85.98%) and ‘Rosita’ (83.33%). A larger intermediate group form ‘Kossara’ (81.67%), ‘Rozalina’ (76.00%), ‘Sunburst’ (75.00%), ‘Bigarreau Burlat’ (69.11%) and ‘Kuklenska belitza’ (66.67%). Candidate-cultivar El.17-90 ‘Asparuh’ has the lowest frost damage values of 55.00% and El.17-37 ‘Tzvetina’ with damage of 50.60%.

Performance Evaluation of Grain Yield and Yield Related Traits in Common bean Genotypes at Yabello and Abaya, Southern Ethiopia

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Ejigu Ejara, Wassu Mohammed, Berhanu Amsalu ◽  
Zinash Misgana, Mulatu Gabisa, Ganane Tasama
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Borana Zone ◽  
Home Consumption

Common bean is among the major crops grown in southern Ethiopia including Borana zone where the majority of the farmers are Agro-pastoralist and produce the crop mainly for home consumption. The area has potential to the production of common bean for food and nutrition security as well as export commodity. However, scarcity of varieties that fit to the environment is one of the major constraints of production. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate 36 common bean genotypes including seven released varieties to evaluate performance of genotypes for yield and agronomic traits. The field experiment was conducted in 2015 at two locations (Abaya and Yabello) and genotypes were planted in triple lattice design. Data were collected on yield and important agronomic traits. Analysis of variance computed for individual locations and combined analysis over locations revealed significant variations among genotypes for all traits. Moreover, 16.67% of the genotypes had mean grain yield greater than the best performing released variety across locations and the genotypes showed a grain yield as high as 3.25 tons ha-1. Based on results of this study it is recommended to test the high yielding and early maturing genotypes at many locations to develop preferred varieties across many locations.

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