Conversion of biomass waste to multi-heteroatom-doped carbon networks with high surface area and hierarchical porosity for advanced supercapacitors

To meet the global demand of energy requires an alternative source, preferably with a lower concern of climate change. Biochar production from agricultural biomass waste by pyrolysis creates a unique solution for producing a useful source of green energy. Biochar is a carbon-rich product with a high heating value which is comparable with our primary energy sources (fossil fuels). Biochar can be utilized for various purposes such as energy production and soil enhancement. Biochar can be more suitable for steelmaking, in view of their chemical and thermo-chemical characteristics including low ash, higher heating values (HHV), and high surface area. Biochar can also be utilised selectively for soil amelioration, C-sequestration, and waste water treatment, in view of the suitability of their characteristics (such as higher values of pH, mineral content, and surface area) for meeting the requirements for a particular purpose. This study associates the characteristics of biochar produced by slow pyrolysis at 800 °C for two biomass residues: corn cob and coconut shell. These results can be used to establish ideal utilization means of biomass for energy and/or biochar production.

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High surface area carbon aerogel monoliths with hierarchical porosity

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids ◽

10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.03.006 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 354 (29) ◽

pp. 3513-3515 ◽

Cited By ~ 101

Author(s):

Theodore F. Baumann ◽

Marcus A. Worsley ◽

T. Yong-Jin Han ◽

Joe H. Satcher

Keyword(s):

Surface Area ◽

High Surface ◽

High Surface Area ◽

Carbon Aerogel ◽

Hierarchical Porosity

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Tenacious Mass Transfer Limitations Drive Catalytic Selectivity during Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction

10.26434/chemrxiv.7770338.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kailun Yang ◽

Recep Kas ◽

Wilson A. Smith

Keyword(s):

Surface Area ◽

High Surface ◽

High Surface Area ◽

Catalyst Layer ◽

Active Surface ◽

Active Surface Area ◽

High Concentration ◽

Copper Electrodes ◽

Surface Enhanced ◽

Local Current

This study evaluated the performance of the commonly used strong buffer electrolytes, i.e. phosphate buffers, during CO2 electroreduction in neutral pH conditions by using in-situ surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS). Unfortunately, the buffers break down a lot faster than anticipated which has serious implications on many studies in the literature such as selectivity and kinetic analysis of the electrocatalysts. Increasing electrolyte concentration, surprisingly, did not extend the potential window of the phosphate buffers due to dramatic increase in hydrogen evolution reaction. Even high concentration phosphate buffers (1 M) break down within the potentials (-1 V vs RHE) where hydrocarbons are formed on copper electrodes. We have extended the discussion to high surface area electrodes by evaluating electrodes composed of copper nanowires. We would like highlight that it is not possible to cope with high local current densities on these high surface area electrodes by using high buffer capacity solutions and the CO2 electrocatalysts are needed to be evaluated by casting thin nanoparticle films onto inert substrates as commonly employed in fuel cell reactions and up to now scarcely employed in CO2 electroreduction. In addition, we underscore that normalization of the electrocatalytic activity to the electrochemical active surface area is not the ultimate solution due to concentration gradient along the catalyst layer.This will “underestimate” the activity of high surface electrocatalyst and the degree of underestimation will depend on the thickness, porosity and morphology of the catalyst layer.

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Rugae-like FeP nanocrystal assembly on a carbon cloth: an exceptionally efficient and stable cathode for hydrogen evolution

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c5nr02375k ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (25) ◽

pp. 10974-10981 ◽

Cited By ~ 95

Author(s):

Xiulin Yang ◽

Ang-Yu Lu ◽

Yihan Zhu ◽

Shixiong Min ◽

Mohamed Nejib Hedhili ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Phase ◽

Surface Area ◽

Hydrogen Evolution ◽

Hydrogen Generation ◽

High Surface ◽

High Surface Area ◽

Catalytic Efficiency ◽

Carbon Cloth ◽

Nanocrystal Assembly

High surface area FeP nanosheets on a carbon cloth were prepared by gas phase phosphidation of electroplated FeOOH, which exhibit exceptionally high catalytic efficiency and stability for hydrogen generation.

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