Cross-Classified Multilevel Models: An Application to the Criminal Case Processing of Indicted Terrorists

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Criminal Case Processing

Improving the Pace of Criminal Case Processing in State Trial Courts

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 736-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Ostrom ◽  
Roger A. Hanson ◽  
Matthew Kleiman
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Trial Courts ◽  
Case Duration ◽  
Performance Benchmarks ◽  
Criminal Case Processing ◽  
Predictable Variation

Delay in the processing of criminal cases has long been viewed as a serious national problem. Substantial differences exist among courts in the average time it takes to resolve both felony and misdemeanor cases, with past research producing inconclusive results on the causes of observed variation. In response, and with the support of the Arnold Foundation, the objective of this article is to highlight predictable variation in the timeliness of criminal case processing and how this knowledge supports court efforts to become more expeditious. Drawing on an extensive set of felony and misdemeanor cases resolved in seven Colorado courts, statistical analysis uncovers important patterns in the composition of criminal caseloads and clarifies how composition influences case duration. Moreover, similarities in the makeup of criminal caseloads show the utility of fundamental principles of criminal caseflow management and how courts benefit from being assessed comparatively against established performance benchmarks.

Beyond Forensic Evidence: Examining Sexual Assault Medical Forensic Exam Mechanisms that Influence Sexual Assault Case Outcomes

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052096187
Author(s):  
Emily Tiry ◽  
Janine Zweig ◽  
Kelly Walsh ◽  
Lauren Farrell ◽  
Lilly Yu
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Sexual Assault Case ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Criminal Case Processing

Despite the widespread use of sexual assault medical forensic exams (SAMFEs), practitioners and researchers continue to debate the role of SAMFEs and the evidence they provide in the investigation and prosecution of sexual assault cases. Using data from a review of sexual assault cases reported to police between 2015 and 2017 in two jurisdictions ( n = 534), we use logistic regression examine whether the presence of a SAMFE predicts the likelihood of achieving criminal case processing outcomes and whether the relationship of the SAMFE with criminal case processing outcomes is moderated by other legal and extralegal case characteristics. We did not find evidence that the presence of a SAMFE in a case significantly predicts whether a suspect will be identified, arrested, or convicted overall, but we did find evidence of the SAMFE’s injury documentation value for arrest. Researchers and practitioners should account for the multiple ways SAMFEs can influence decision-making in future research and policymaking.

An Analysis of Factors Related to Prosecutor Sentencing Preferences

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Rainville
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Current Analysis ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Criminal Case Processing

Three types of variables have been identified as related to prosecutor decision making in the screening and settlement stages of criminal case-processing—legal, extralegal, and resource variables. The current analysis examines the degree to which these classes of variables affect prosecutor sentence preferences. Ordinary least squares regression is used to relate factors that prosecutors regard as germane to forming sentence preferences to a measure of sentence restrictiveness. Analyses reveal a diminished reliance on legal and extralegal variables in the determination of preferred sentences. In their stead, the available correctional placement options within a prosecutor's jurisdiction as well as the personal values of prosecutors appear to determine the level of sentence restrictiveness that prosecutors desire.

scholarly journals Intoxicated witnesses and suspects: An archival analysis of their involvement in criminal case processing.

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca T. Palmer ◽  
Heather D. Flowe ◽  
Melanie K. T. Takarangi ◽  
Joyce E. Humphries
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Case ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Criminal Case Processing

scholarly journals The Criminal Case Processing of Foreign Nationals in the Netherlands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T Light ◽  
Hilde Wermink
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Foreign Nationals ◽  
Permanent Residence ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Criminal Case Processing

Abstract Foreign nationals are increasingly encountering the criminal justice institutions of many European countries. Yet, basic questions about how they are punished within these institutions, particularly at the early stages of case processing, remain unanswered. This article combines linked case information from arrest through sentencing with interviews of Dutch judges and prosecutors to fill this gap. Our findings reveal considerable unexplained citizenship disparities in multiple case outcomes. Compared to Dutch citizens arrested for the same crimes and with similar criminal records, foreign nationals are more likely to have their cases referred to court, to be detained, convicted, and imprisoned. The interviews identified several mechanisms that explicate these differences, including (i) annoyance when foreign nationals are perceived to be in the country for the purpose of committing crime; (ii) logistical issues when noncitizens do not have a permanent residence, and; (iii) undermining the need for reintegration because many defendants are unlikely to remain in the Netherlands.

scholarly journals Understanding Victim Cooperation in Cases of Nonfatal Gun Assaults

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1793-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Kroovand Hipple ◽  
Kristina J. Thompson ◽  
Beth M. Huebner ◽  
Lauren A. Magee
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Firearm Violence ◽  
Police Investigation ◽  
Race Conditions ◽  
Serious Injury ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Criminal Case Processing ◽  
Willingness To Cooperate

Victims play a central role in criminal case processing, but research suggests many victims do not report crimes to police or cooperate in a police investigation. This study extends the literature on victim cooperation by examining the effect of incident-level variables and neighborhood characteristics on victim cooperation in nonfatal shooting incidents. The sample includes 1,054 nonfatal shooting victims from two Midwestern cities. Results using binary logistic regression suggest that incident and victim characteristics are significantly associated with cooperation, but race conditions the effect of injury severity and motive on cooperation. The willingness to cooperate among Whites is contingent on injury severity while non-White victims do not become markedly more cooperative when confronted with serious injury. Race also moderates the relationship between crime motive and cooperation. This work demonstrates the need to incorporate nonfatal firearm violence into studies of victim cooperation and gun crime more broadly.

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