Value Alignment and Public Perceived Legitimacy of the European Union and the Court of Justice

The present study aims to extend research on the role of values for the perceived legitimacy of legal authorities by focusing on (1) supranational legal authorities and (2) a broad range of values. We examine how (alignment between) people’s personal values and their perception of the values of the European Union (EU) are related to perceived legitimacy of the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) and the EU more broadly. Inspired by moral foundations theory, we distinguish between individualizing (i.e., “democracy”, “liberty”, and “fairness”) and binding values (i.e., “rule of law”, “respect for national authority”, and “respect for tradition”). An online survey was conducted in six EU member states (N = 1,136). A factor analysis confirmed a two-factor model (individualizing vs. binding values) for both personal values and perceived EU values. Four regression models were run for each of the value factors, including personal values, perceived EU values, and their interaction, on each of the outcomes (i.e., perceived CJEU and EU legitimacy). Perceived endorsement by the EU of both individualizing and binding values predicted higher legitimacy perceptions of the CJEU and EU. Furthermore, personal binding values had a negative effect on perceived EU legitimacy when participants perceived the EU to weakly support binding values, but a positive effect when the EU was perceived to strongly support binding values. The results suggest that value alignment plays an important role in perceived legitimacy of the CJEU and EU, and that better representing binding values might be a strategy to improve perceived EU legitimacy.

Do Religion and Spirituality in the Workplace Matter?

Although spirituality in the workplace has recently received extensive attention from many researchers in the field of management, it has often been interchanged with the term religion. Yet religion is neglected. According to Vitell, religion contributes to setting a framework for moral and ethical behavior in a business context, creating a spiritual workplace that is aligned with organizational goals and has a positive impact on productivity and profitability. Therefore, there is a need to conduct more investigations not only to explain the core concept of each, but also to evaluate the effectiveness of each and their integration in the workplace. This chapter addresses the increased demand to better conceptualize, define, and contrast the concepts of religion and spirituality in the workplace. In addition, the impact of leaders' life standards and personal values on behavior in the workplace are examined, with attention on the discussion of the impact of religion and spirituality.

Batik SMEs In East Java Indonesia: Interrelationship Between Personal Value and Management Skills Towards SMEs Performance in The New Normal Era

The development of Batik SMEs in East Java shows a sector that is highly affected by the pandemic due to the unpreparedness of SMEs to face the pandemic conditions. The need for encouragement from the government and strengthening this sector so that it can develop again and make a positive contribution to the regional and national economy. Managerial aspects and personal values owned by Batik SMEs in East Java are expected to be a reinforcing factor for SMEs in facing a very dynamic environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between personal values and management skills on the performance of Batik SMEs during the new normal era in East Java, Indonesia. The data used were obtained through a survey using a questionnaire, which was then analyzed by factor analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression. The results of the study stated that there was no relationship between personal values and performance, and there was no relationship between management skills and the performance of Batik SMEs in East Java, Indonesia. This research does not include external factors of the research variables, namely government policies that can be measured by inflation rates and tax policies, as well as Bank Indonesia credit interest rates. This study uses the variable management skills, personal values, and performance of Batik SMEs in East Java during the normal era, which are products with local cultural features.

Inside and outside perspectives on the relation of personal values and legal norm acceptances

Based on a representative survey on crime prevention, this paper studies how personal values are related to persons’ acceptance of legal norms (LNA). We here take a closer look at these relations than previous research. Offenses, in particular, are classified into three offense types (no victim (OT1), legal person as victim (OT2, real person as victim (OT3)), and the persons’ ratings are studied both as observed and as individually centered data. It is found that conservation-oriented persons give higher and less differentiated badness ratings for all offenses than persons striving for hedonism and stimulation. The correlational structure of basic personal values and norm acceptance ratings for 14 different offenses, when represented via multidimensional scaling, exhibits that conservation orientation becomes a better predictor of LNA of all offense types if it is augmented by an additional value, peace of mind. When looking at centered ratings (i.e., controlling for each person’s mean ratings), social values become the best predictors of OT2 offenses (tax evasion, benefits fraud, taking bribes). Statements on the impact of personal values on general norm acceptance should, therefore, be replaced with more differentiated relations on how particular values are related to peoples’ attitudes towards particular offenses.

Stabilita a změna osobních hodnot u lidí s různými trajektoriemi životní dráhy: longitudinální studie

Background. Previous research on the stability of personal values in the context of life transitions has usually focused on the presence of a single transition. However, life transitions in everyday life occur simultaneously with other life transitions. The aim of this longitudinal study was therefore to identify different trajectories of life transitions in young adults and to compare the stability of their personal values. Method. In the first wave of research, participants were 18-33 years old; in the second wave, they were 29-43 years old (N = 632; 392 women). In both waves, they completed Schwartzʼs Portrait Value Questionnaires (PVQ); in the second wave, they completed the Life History Calendar focusing on the presence of entry into life transitions. Results. Latent class analysis revealed two trajectories: Experienced transitions (people who experienced all observed transitions) and Partially experienced transitions (people who experienced only entry into regular employment and part of them entered cohabitation). Differential stability of personal values occurred in both trajectories. The differences in the stability of values found between the individual trajectories were insignificant, except for personal values universalism and tradition. Although before entry into life transitions, personal values were not significant predictors of belonging to a particular trajectory, after their experiencing people with the Experienced transitions trajectory more often reached lower levels of values associated with openness to change.

Russian Parental Values in the international Context, 1990/1991–2017/2020

The aim of the paper is to analyze parental values in Russia and 33 other countries, and explore how they’ve changed between 1990 and 2017–2020. Russian dynamics are shown on 7 waves, international — on 2 waves. We used a combination of data from the World Values Survey and the European Values Study. We found that in 1990 the Russian value agenda in regards to children was essentially directed towards survival. By 2017–2020 certain changes had occurred: Russians no longer considered survival values to be as important (such as hard work, thrift, obedience); self-expression values (e.g., independence and imagination) became more popular; humanistic values lost much of their importance for Russians. In 33 countries humanistic values remained as popular as in 1990, while survival values seem to be less important. Russian parental values change in the same direction as do Russian personal values.