scholarly journals Correction to: New constraints on coseismic slip during southern Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes over the past 4600 years implied by tsunami deposits and marine turbidites

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 1109-1111
Author(s):  
George R. Priest ◽  
Robert C. Witter ◽  
Yinglong J. Zhang ◽  
Chris Goldfinger ◽  
Kelin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Cascadia Subduction Zone ◽  
Tsunami Deposits ◽  
Coseismic Slip ◽  
The Past ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

scholarly journals New constraints on coseismic slip during southern Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes over the past 4600 years implied by tsunami deposits and marine turbidites

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Priest ◽  
Robert C. Witter ◽  
Yinglong J. Zhang ◽  
Chris Goldfinger ◽  
Kelin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Cascadia Subduction Zone ◽  
Tsunami Deposits ◽  
Coseismic Slip ◽  
The Past ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

Paleotsunamis from the central Kuril Islands segment of the Japan-Kuril-Kamchatka subduction zone

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breanyn MacInnes ◽  
Ekaterina Kravchunovskaya ◽  
Tatiana Pinegina ◽  
Joanne Bourgeois
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Kuril Island ◽  
Tsunami Deposits ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Kuril Islands ◽  
Recurrence Intervals ◽  
Matua Island ◽  
Tsunami Recurrence ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes ◽  
Inland Inundation

AbstractPaleotsunami records from the central Kuril Island segment of the Japan-Kuril-Kamchatka subduction zone indicate that the region has been frequently inundated by tsunamis. As many as 20e22 tsunami deposits are recognized on Matua Island for the past 3300 yr with an average tsunami recurrence interval of ~150 yr, and 34e36 tsunami deposits are evident on Simushir Island for the past 2350 yr with an average recurrence of ~65 yr. These intervals are short, but comparable to other segments of the Japan-Kuril-Kamchatka subduction zone. Results from all survey locations reveal shortening recurrence intervals toward the present, especially for the last 600 yr, indicating a possible preservation bias. On Simushir, tsunamis at least 11 m higher than the modern tsunamis in 2006 and 2007 occurred every ~300 yr on average. On Matua, tsunamis with slightly farther inundation than the 2006 and 2007 tsunamis occurred every ~215 yr while those with at least 100 m farther inland inundation occur every ~750 yr. Our paleotsunami record almost certainly includes tsunamis that are not from great subduction zone earthquakes in the central Kuril segment: we expect the Matua record includes volcanic tsunamis and the Simushir record includes tsunamis from the southern Kuril segment.

Summary of Coastal Geologic Evidence for past Great Earthquakes at the Cascadia Subduction Zone

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian F. Atwater ◽  
Alan R. Nelson ◽  
John J. Clague ◽  
Gary A. Carver ◽  
David K. Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Cascadia Subduction Zone ◽  
Level Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Juan De Fuca

Earthquakes in the past few thousand years have left signs of land-level change, tsunamis, and shaking along the Pacific coast at the Cascadia subduction zone. Sudden lowering of land accounts for many of the buried marsh and forest soils at estuaries between southern British Columbia and northern California. Sand layers on some of these soils imply that tsunamis were triggered by some of the events that lowered the land. Liquefaction features show that inland shaking accompanied sudden coastal subsidence at the Washington-Oregon border about 300 years ago. The combined evidence for subsidence, tsunamis, and shaking shows that earthquakes of magnitude 8 or larger have occurred on the boundary between the overriding North America plate and the downgoing Juan de Fuca and Gorda plates. Intervals between the earthquakes are poorly known because of uncertainties about the number and ages of the earthquakes. Current estimates for individual intervals at specific coastal sites range from a few centuries to about one thousand years.

Stratigraphic and microfossil evidence for a 4500-year history of Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes and tsunamis at Yaquina River estuary, Oregon, USA

2014 ◽  
Vol 127 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 211-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Graehl ◽  
Harvey M. Kelsey ◽  
Robert C. Witter ◽  
Eileen Hemphill-Haley ◽  
Simon E. Engelhart
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Cascadia Subduction Zone ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

Subduction zone heterogeneity observed across the magnitude spectrum for megathrust earthquakes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Bilek ◽  
Emily Morton
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Stress Drop ◽  
Subduction Zones ◽  
Cascadia Subduction Zone ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Small Earthquake ◽  
Megathrust Earthquakes ◽  
Seismic Slip ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

<p>Observations from recent great subduction zone earthquakes highlight the influence of spatial geologic heterogeneity on overall rupture characteristics, such as areas of high co-seismic slip, and resulting tsunami generation.  Defining the relevant spatial heterogeneity is thus important to understanding potential hazards associated with the megathrust. The more frequent, smaller magnitude earthquakes that commonly occur in subduction zones are often used to help delineate the spatial heterogeneity.  Here we provide an overview of several subduction zones, including Costa Rica, Mexico, and Cascadia, highlighting connections between the small earthquake source characteristics and rupture behavior of larger earthquakes.  Estimates of small earthquake locations and stress drop are presented in each location, utilizing data from coastal and/or ocean bottom seismic stations.  These seismicity characteristics are then compared with other geologic and geophysical parameters, such as upper and lower plate characteristics, geodetic locking, and asperity locations from past large earthquakes.  For example, in the Cascadia subduction zone, we find clusters of small earthquakes located in regions of previous seamount subduction, with variations in earthquake stress drop reflecting potentially disrupted upper plate material deformed as a seamount passed.  Other variations in earthquake location and stress drop can be correlated with observed geodetic locking variations. </p>

scholarly journals Aftershock seismicity and tectonic setting of the 2015 September 16 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake, Central Chile

2016 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 1424-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietrich Lange ◽  
Jacob Geersen ◽  
Sergio Barrientos ◽  
Marcos Moreno ◽  
Ingo Grevemeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Coseismic Slip ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Rupture Area ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Illapel Earthquake ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

Abstract Powerful subduction zone earthquakes rupture thousands of square kilometres along continental margins but at certain locations earthquake rupture terminates. To date, detailed knowledge of the parameters that govern seismic rupture and aftershocks is still incomplete. On 2015 September 16, the Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake ruptured a 200 km long stretch of the Central Chilean subduction zone, triggering a tsunami and causing significant damage. Here, we analyse the temporal and spatial pattern of the coseismic rupture and aftershocks in relation to the tectonic setting in the earthquake area. Aftershocks cluster around the area of maximum coseismic slip, in particular in lateral and downdip direction. During the first 24 hr after the main shock, aftershocks migrated in both lateral directions with velocities of approximately 2.5 and 5 km hr−1. At the southern rupture boundary, aftershocks cluster around individual subducted seamounts that are related to the downthrusting Juan Fernández Ridge. In the northern part of the rupture area, aftershocks separate into an upper cluster (above 25 km depth) and a lower cluster (below 35 km depth). This dual seismic–aseismic transition in downdip direction is also observed in the interseismic period suggesting that it may represent a persistent feature for the Central Chilean subduction zone.

THE TIMING AND DEFORMATION OF CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE EARTHQUAKES FROM COASTAL MARSH RECORDS OF OREGON

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon E. Engelhart ◽  
◽  
Niamh Cahill ◽  
Andrea Hawkes ◽  
Benjamin P. Horton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Coastal Marsh ◽  
Cascadia Subduction Zone ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

DIATOM VARIABILITY IN TIDAL-MARSH ENVIRONMENTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSTRAINING LAND-LEVEL CHANGE FROM CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE EARTHQUAKES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Hong ◽  
◽  
Benjamin P. Horton ◽  
Simon E. Engelhart ◽  
J. Scott Padgett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Tidal Marsh ◽  
Cascadia Subduction Zone ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes
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