Somatic embryogenesis and shoot organogenesis from leaf explants of Primulina tabacum

Dionaeamuscipula Ellis commonly known as Venus fly trap is an important carnivorous plant with medicinal importance. It contains certain secondary metabolites like naphthoquinones and is used in anti-aid and anti-cancer drugs and other medicines like Cornivora. Increasing interest and use as an ornamental and medicinal plant, and dietary supplement have put it in an endangered state. Development of in vitro techniques for the preservation of germplasm that is on the brink of extinction is highly demanded. A regeneration protocol for the multiplication and micropropagation of Dionaeamuscipla Ellis was established. In vitro regeneration potential of leaf explants in different concentrations and combinations of plant growth substances was investigated in this study. Seeds were grown and leaf disc explants were excised and cultured under aseptic conditions on nutritional medium containing half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) mix with combinations of 1.0–20.0 μm BA, 2.5.0 μm IBA, 1.0–10.0 μm 2iP and 0.1–0.5μm TDZ. The cultures were kept in growth cabinet with cool white light (40–60 μmol·m-2·s-1) under 16-h photoperiod. Regeneration was recorded after 60 days with the intervals of 15 days based on the degree of shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. 1/2 MS + 0.1 TDZ appeared to be efficient for somatic embryogenesis and simple MS for direct shoot organogenesis. 1/2 MS combined with 2iP appeared to be efficient for regeneration either by direct shoot organogenesis or by somatic embryogenesis. Plants were rooted well in Cape Cundew medium. These investigations will aid in the development of a model system for clonal mass propagation and in vitro regeneration of Dionaeamuscipla Ellis.

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Shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis from leaf explants of Valeriana jatamansi Jones

Scientia Horticulturae ◽

10.1016/j.scienta.2013.11.036 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 165 ◽

pp. 392-397 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rong Chen ◽

Muhan Zhang ◽

Jinfeng Lü ◽

Xinhua Zhang ◽

Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Shoot Organogenesis ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Valeriana Jatamansi

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Somatic Embryogenesis in Centaurium erythraea Rafn—Current Status and Perspectives: A Review

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10010070 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 70

Author(s):

Ana D. Simonović ◽

Milana M. Trifunović-Momčilov ◽

Biljana K. Filipović ◽

Marija P. Marković ◽

Milica D. Bogdanović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Somatic Embryos ◽

Developmental Plasticity ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Arabinogalactan Proteins ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Current Status ◽

Special Focus ◽

Root Explants ◽

Centaurium Erythraea

Centaurium erythraea (centaury) is a traditionally used medicinal plant, with a spectrum of secondary metabolites with confirmed healing properties. Centaury is an emerging model in plant developmental biology due to its vigorous regenerative potential and great developmental plasticity when cultured in vitro. Hereby, we review nearly two decades of research on somatic embryogenesis (SE) in centaury. During SE, somatic cells are induced by suitable culture conditions to express their totipotency, acquire embryogenic characteristics, and eventually give rise to somatic embryos. When SE is initiated from centaury root explants, the process occurs spontaneously (on hormone-free medium), directly (without the callusing phase), and the somatic embryos are of unicellular origin. SE from leaf explants has to be induced by plant growth regulators and is indirect (preceded by callusing). Histological observations and culture conditions are compared in these two systems. The changes in antioxidative enzymes were followed during SE from the leaf explants. Special focus is given to the role of arabinogalactan proteins during SE, which were analyzed using a variety of approaches. The newest and preliminary results, including centaury transcriptome, novel potential SE markers, and novel types of arabinogalactan proteins, are discussed as perspectives of centaury research.

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WUSCHEL Overexpression Promotes Callogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis in Medicago truncatula Gaertn

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10040715 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 715

Author(s):

Aline Kadri ◽

Ghislaine Grenier De March ◽

François Guerineau ◽

Viviane Cosson ◽

Pascal Ratet

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Medicago Truncatula ◽

Transformation Efficiency ◽

Genetic Manipulation ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Promising Tool ◽

Limiting Step ◽

Wus Gene ◽

Multiple Signaling ◽

Regeneration Systems

The induction of plant somatic embryogenesis is often a limiting step for plant multiplication and genetic manipulation in numerous crops. It depends on multiple signaling developmental processes involving phytohormones and the induction of specific genes. The WUSCHEL gene (WUS) is required for the production of plant embryogenic stem cells. To explore a different approach to induce somatic embryogenesis, we have investigated the effect of the heterologous ArabidopsisWUS gene overexpression under the control of the jasmonate responsive vsp1 promoter on the morphogenic responses of Medicago truncatula explants. WUS expression in leaf explants increased callogenesis and embryogenesis in the absence of growth regulators. Similarly, WUS expression enhanced the embryogenic potential of hairy root fragments. The WUS gene represents thus a promising tool to develop plant growth regulator-free regeneration systems or to improve regeneration and transformation efficiency in recalcitrant crops.

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Somatic embryogenesis from leaf explants of Tagetes erecta L.

Plant Biotechnology ◽

10.5511/plantbiotechnology.17.1120a ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 187-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pablo Emilio Vanegas Espinoza ◽

Israel Benítez-García ◽

Annel Lizeth Leyva Peralta ◽

Octavio Paredes-López ◽

Alma Angélica Del Villar-Martínez

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Tagetes Erecta

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In vitro somatic embryogenesis of superior clones of robusta coffee from Lampung, Indonesia: Effect of genotypes and callus induction media

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210849 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Dwi Hapsoro ◽

Rahmadyah Hamiranti ◽

Yusnita Yusnita

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Regeneration Medium ◽

Embryogenic Calli ◽

Robusta Coffee ◽

Primary Callus ◽

Ascorbic Acids ◽

Superior Clones

Abstract. Hapsoro D, Hamiranti R, Yusnita Y. 2020. In vitro somatic embryogenesis of superior clones of robusta coffee from Lampung, Indonesia: Effect of genotypes and callus induction media. Biodiversitas 21: 3811-3817. This study aimed to investigate the effects of genotypes and primary callus induction media on somatic embryogenesis of superior robusta coffee clones of Lampung. Leaf explants of clones Tugusari, Komari, Tugino, and Wanto were cultured on two types of primary callus induction media (PCIM). PCIM1 consisted of half-strength MS salts, 30 gL-1 sucrose, added with (mgL-1) 0.1 thiamine-HCl, 0.5 nicotinic acids, 0.5 pyridoxine-HCl, 100 Myo-inositol, 200 ascorbic acids, 150 citric acids, and 1 benzyl adenine. PCIM2 consisted of NPCM salts, 30 gL-1 sucrose, added with (mgL-1) 15 thiamine-HCl, 1 nicotinic acid, 1 pyridoxine-HCl, 2 glycines, 130 Myo-inositol, 200 ascorbic acids, 150 citric acids, 1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and 2 thidiazuron. The highest percentage (100%) of primary callus formation was found in Komari and Wanto clones. PCIM2 resulted in more primary calli than PCIM1. When subcultured to embryogenic callus induction medium, primary calli of clone Komari and Wanto developed into a high percentage of embryogenic calli, while those of the other two turned brown and died. PCIM2-derived primary calli developed into more embryogenic calli. When subcultured on somatic embryo (SE) regeneration medium, these calli underwent the formation of SE of various stages. When subcultured to plant regeneration medium, these SEs developed into plantlets.

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