Keragaman Genetik Klon Lokal Kopi Robusta Asal Temanggung Berdasarkan Marka SSR

<em>Temanggung is one of the centers of Robusta coffee production in Central Java, with a variety of potential local coffee clones. The exploration found that several numbers of local Robusta coffee clones had the potential to have high productivity and were resistant to pests/diseases. However, their level of genetic similarity to the superior clones that have been released has not been clearly identified. This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of Temanggung local Robusta coffee clones based on SSR markers. The study was conducted at the Molecular Laboratory of the Integrated Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute from February to December 2018. A total of 29 local coffee clones derived from Temanggung along with two control coffee clones (BP 42 and BP 358) were used. All the 14 SSR markers used in the present study were polymorphic and could cluster those local coffee clones into 5 major groups at a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.57. Four local coffee clones (Putih Daun Lebar, Lokal, Tugusari Hijau and Tugusari Kuning) were in the same group with control clones in group I. One local clone (Tugusari Hijau) had a genetic similarity with the control clone BP 358 at 0.91. Meanwhile, the other 25 local clones were in different groups from the control clones. These local clones, which showed genetic distance far from the control clones, can be selected as candidates for local superior clones in coffee breeding program.</em>

In vitro conservation of centennial Austrian Cornelian cherry accessions

Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas) appears in a list of fruit and nut species growing in Europe considered neglected and underused economically. Although C. mas has a long-standing traditional medicinal use, only in recent years interest in products and food made from Cornelian cherries, said to have health-promoting effects, increased. This in turn raises the demand for improved planting material. In the Pielach Valley Region, Lower Austria, hundreds of centenary specimens of Cornus mas, but even a few millennial plants can still be encountered. The occurrence of these plants requested an active intervention to genetically characterize and preserve this valuable biodiversity, particularly in the light of changing environmental conditions. Efforts for the establishment of an in vitro collection of this valuable germplasm of centenary cornelian cherries yielded 193 mericlones initiated from single node explants from 41 selected plants. The selected donor plants were grouped by estimated age ranging from 10 years, > 50 years, > 100 years, > 200 years, > 400 years and 1000 years. The final goal of our efforts is to preserve these genetic resources, also checked for genetic and phytosanitary quality, for future generations and to use the superior clones for further breeding programs.

In vitro somatic embryogenesis of superior clones of robusta coffee from Lampung, Indonesia: Effect of genotypes and callus induction media

Hapsoro D, Hamiranti R, Yusnita Y. 2020. In vitro somatic embryogenesis of superior clones of robusta coffee from Lampung, Indonesia: Effect of genotypes and callus induction media. Biodiversitas 21: 3811-3817. This study aimed to investigate the effects of genotypes and primary callus induction media on somatic embryogenesis of superior robusta coffee clones of Lampung. Leaf explants of clones Tugusari, Komari, Tugino, and Wanto were cultured on two types of primary callus induction media (PCIM). PCIM1 consisted of half-strength MS salts, 30 gL-1 sucrose, added with (mgL-1) 0.1 thiamine-HCl, 0.5 nicotinic acids, 0.5 pyridoxine-HCl, 100 Myo-inositol, 200 ascorbic acids, 150 citric acids, and 1 benzyl adenine. PCIM2 consisted of NPCM salts, 30 gL-1 sucrose, added with (mgL-1) 15 thiamine-HCl, 1 nicotinic acid, 1 pyridoxine-HCl, 2 glycines, 130 Myo-inositol, 200 ascorbic acids, 150 citric acids, 1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and 2 thidiazuron. The highest percentage (100%) of primary callus formation was found in Komari and Wanto clones. PCIM2 resulted in more primary calli than PCIM1. When subcultured to embryogenic callus induction medium, primary calli of clone Komari and Wanto developed into a high percentage of embryogenic calli, while those of the other two turned brown and died. PCIM2-derived primary calli developed into more embryogenic calli. When subcultured on somatic embryo (SE) regeneration medium, these calli underwent the formation of SE of various stages. When subcultured to plant regeneration medium, these SEs developed into plantlets.