Feeding okara, a soybean by-product, to dairy cows as partial protein source enhances economic indexes and preserves milk quality, intake, and digestibility of nutrients

The effect of substituting peas for soybean and canola meals as a protein source in a high-producing dairy herd was studied in 66 Holstein cows, divided into two groups based on stage of lactation, parity, level of milk production and days in milk. Two 18.5% crude protein grain concentrate diets were formulated based on the nutrient analyses of the forages available. The control grain mix contained standard protein sources, principally soybean and canola meal (SBM\CM) while the test grain mix was formulated to contain approximately 25% field peas as the major source of protein. Both grain rations were formulated to the same nutrient specifications and balanced for undegradable protein. The duration of the trial was 6 mo during which grain feeding levels were adjusted monthly based on milk yield. For cows in early lactation, 4% fat-corrected milk yield was higher (P < 0.05) for cows fed pea based concentrates (31.3 kg d−1) than for cows fed SBM\CM supplement (29.7 kg d−1). Fat-corrected milk yield was not affected by source of protein in mid- and late-lactation cows. Fat-corrected milk production was not different (P > 0.05) for cows fed SBM\CM compared with cows fed the pea supplement when cows across all stages of lactation were included in the analyses. Milk fat percent was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for early- and mid-lactation cows fed the pea supplement. The results suggest that peas can be substituted for SBM\CM as a protein source for high-producing dairy cows. Key words: Dairy cow, pea, soybean and canola meal supplement, undegradable protein, milk production

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Effect of mixed maize-legume silages on milk quality and quantity from lactating smallholder dairy cows

Tropical Animal Health and Production ◽

10.1007/s11250-018-1552-4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

pp. 1255-1260 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chifamba Edson ◽

Ngongoni Nobbert Takarwirwa ◽

Nyanga Loveness Kuziwa ◽

Nyagura Stella ◽

B. Maasdorp

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Quality ◽

Smallholder Dairy

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Replacing canola meal as the major protein source with wheat dried distillers’ grains alters omasal fatty acid flow and milk fatty acid composition in dairy cows

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas2012-095 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 93 (1) ◽

pp. 137-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. E. Chibisa ◽

D. A. Christensen ◽

T. Mutsvangwa

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Distillers Grains ◽

Protein Source ◽

Canola Meal ◽

Major Protein ◽

Milk Fatty Acid ◽

Total N ◽

Dried Distillers Grains

Chibisa, G. E., Christensen, D. A. and Mutsvangwa, T. 2013. Replacing canola meal as the major protein source with wheat dried distillers’ grains alters omasal fatty acid flow and milk fatty acid composition in dairy cows. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 137–147. Wheat dried distillers’ grains with solubles (W-DDGS) has a high fat content and is now commonly fed to dairy cows in western Canada. The objective was to determine the effects of replacing canola meal (CM) with W-DDGS on omasal fatty acid (FA) flow and milk FA composition. Four ruminally-cannulated lactating dairy cows were used in a 4×4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. Cows were fed either a standard barley silage-based total mixed ration (TMR) (0% W-DDGS, control) or TMR containing 10, 15 and 20% W-DDGS, with W-DDGS replacing CM as the major protein source. The omasal flow of C18:1 trans-10, C18:1 trans-11, C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) cis-9, trans-11, and total CLA increased linearly with increasing levels of W-DDGS. There were quadratic changes in milk concentrations of total C18:2, C18:3n-3, total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and total n-6 PUFA as the level of W-DDGS increased. Feeding increasing amounts of W-DDGS resulted in a linear increase in milk concentrations of CLA cis-9, trans-11, CLA trans-11, trans-13, and total CLA, whereas milk concentrations of C18:1 trans-11 tended to increase linearly when level of W-DDGS increased. Feeding increasing amounts of W-DDGS resulted in quadratic changes in milk concentrations of C18:2n-6 and C18:3n-3. In summary, feeding increasing amounts of W-DDGS increased milk concentrations of key FA like C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3, CLA cis-9, trans-11, and total CLA, which can potentially improve human health.

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Effect of Harvest Time and Microbial Anaerobic Fermentation at Ruminal Degradability, In Vitro Digestibility to Milk Production and Milk Quality for Whole Plant Zhang Hybrid Millet in Dairy Cows

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9100749 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 749

Author(s):

Yujia Tian ◽

Xuewei Zhang ◽

Shengli Li ◽

Kai Liu ◽

Peng Guo

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Milk Quality ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Harvest Time ◽

Ruminal Degradability ◽

Alternative Feedstock

This study assessed whether harvest time and microbial anaerobic fermentation could affect ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of whole Zhang hybrid millet, and estimate the effect of microbial anaerobic fermented whole Zhang hybrid millet as feedstuff on milk yield and milk quality. Protein degradation and intestinal digestion were determined using in situ nylon bag technique and three-step in vitro method, respectively. Results showed that harvest time, microbial anaerobic fermentation, or their interaction significantly affected EDDM, EDCP, and EDNDF (p < 0.05). In vitro fermentation was significantly influenced by harvest time. Early harvested samples appeared to have higher Total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) and lower acetate: propionate ratio than late harvested ones (p < 0.01). However, significant effect of harvest time and fermentation was failed to find in the estimation of rumen-undegradable protein (RUP) (p > 0.05). Microbial anaerobic fermented whole Zhang hybrid millet as feedstuff provided similar milk compositions compared with controls, and it significantly reduced SCC (p = 0.04). Milk yield was numerically higher in whole Zhang hybrid millet groups. In conclusion, harvest time and microbial anaerobic fermentation could further improve ruminal utilization of whole Zhang hybrid millet. Whole Zhang hybrid millet could be an alternative feedstock for dairy cows with acceptable safety profile and potential benefit in milk production.

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Effect of substituting barley with glycerol as energy feed on feed intake, milk production and milk quality in dairy cows in mid or late lactation

Livestock Science ◽

10.1016/j.livsci.2018.01.006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 209 ◽

pp. 25-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Charlotte Gaillard ◽

Martin Tang Sørensen ◽

Mogens Vestergaard ◽

Martin Riis Weisbjerg ◽

Mette Krogh Larsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Milk Quality

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Influence of Feeding Dehydrated Poultry Waste on Composition and Organoleptic Quality of Milk1

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-40.1.29 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 29-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. C. BRUHN ◽

G. D. REIF ◽

H. TOONE ◽

J. H. EVANS

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Quality ◽

Poultry Waste ◽

Quality Factors ◽

Lactating Dairy Cows ◽

Period 2 ◽

Lead Zinc ◽

Copper Lead ◽

Composite Samples

A double reversal trial with three, 4-week periods was used to determine the effect on milk quality of feeding dehydrated poultry waste to lactating dairy cows. Fifteen cows were fed a control ration for 4 weeks (Period 1), followed by an experimental ration containing dehydrated poultry waste for 4 weeks (Period 2), and then by the control ration for 4 weeks (Period 3). Milk was collected daily and scored by five judges using the ADSA milk flavor scoring guide. Milk compsition (fat, protein, lactose, and solids-not-fat) was determined on alternate days. During Periods 2 and 3 weekly composite samples were collected to determine concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead, zinc, and tocopherol. No significant differences were found in any of the milk quality factors studied.

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