Noise and tree species richness modulate the bird community inhabiting small public urban green spaces of a Neotropical city

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Ferreira da Silva ◽  
João Carlos Pena ◽  
Arleu Barbosa Viana-Junior ◽  
Matheus Vergne ◽  
Marco Aurélio Pizo
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Tree Species Richness

scholarly journals Habitat patch size and tree species richness shape the bird community in urban green spaces of rapidly urbanizing region of India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Kaushik ◽  
Samakshi Tiwari ◽  
Kumari Manisha
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Landscape Level

AbstractRapid urbanization and associated biodiversity loss is rampant globally but especially a cause of concern for developing countries. However, numerous studies investigating the role of urban green spaces have established their key role in conserving larger suites of species in urban area. Yet our knowledge is lopsided due to lag in research in developing countries. We examined how landscape and local scale features of urban green spaces influence bird species richness, density, fine-foraging guild richness and composition during breeding and non-breeding season. This is the first study of this nature in one the Himalayan states of India. We quantified landscape level variables in the 250m buffer around 18 urban green spaces. We sampled vegetation and bird community during breeding and non-breeding season through 52 intensive sampling point spread across 18 urban green spaces. Size of the urban green space at landscape level and tree richness at the local scale emerged as important predictor variables influencing bird species richness, density and richness of imperiled insectivorous guild across seasons. Urban green spaces within education institutions and offices experiencing much less management supported higher bird richness and density whereas city parks were the most species poor. Community composition was affected more strongly by built-up cover and barren area in the matrix and also by tree species richness within urban green spaces. City planners should focus on establishing larger city parks during design stage whereas biodiversity potential of the existing urban green spaces could be enhanced by selecting native tree and shrub species to increase overall habitat complexity.

scholarly journals Assessment of tree species distribution and diversity in the major urban green spaces of Nairobi city, Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onguso Nyambane David ◽  
Bosco Njoroge John ◽  
Onyango Watako Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces

Island biogeography of insect conservation in urban green spaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMONE FATTORINI ◽  
CRISTINA MANTONI ◽  
LIVIA DE SIMONI ◽  
DIANA M.P. GALASSI
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Island Biogeography ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Insect Conservation ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Insect Species Richness

SUMMARYBecause of their isolation, biotic communities of urban green spaces are expected to be similar to those of oceanic islands. This should be particularly true for insects, which represent an important component of urban faunas. The equilibrium theory of island biogeography (ETIB) allows for the formulation of some hypotheses regarding the influence of the geographical characteristics of green spaces on insect species richness and extinction risk. Based on island biogeography principles, we present eight predictions on how green space characteristics should influence insect species richness and loss. We analysed the current literature in order to determine which predictions were supported and which were not. We found that many studies gave outcomes that support ETIB predictions about the effects of area and isolation of green spaces; we found no strong support for predictions about shape and extent of native habitat in the literature that we reviewed. Most of the available studies dealt with patterns in species richness, whereas insect species loss has been rarely investigated. Future developments in the application of island biogeography principles to urban insect conservation should address temporal trends in species persistence and the analysis of species co-occurrence and nestedness.

scholarly journals Area is the primary correlate of annual and seasonal patterns of avian species richness in urban green spaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 103892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank A. La Sorte ◽  
Myla F.J. Aronson ◽  
Christopher A. Lepczyk ◽  
Kyle G. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Avian Species ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces

scholarly journals Perceived species-richness in urban green spaces: Cues, accuracy and well-being impacts

2018 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina E Southon ◽  
Anna Jorgensen ◽  
Nigel Dunnett ◽  
Helen Hoyle ◽  
Karl L Evans
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces

scholarly journals Urban Green Spaces, Greenness Exposure and Species Richness in Residential Environments and Relations with Physical Activity and BMI in Portuguese Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6588
Author(s):  
Juliana Melo ◽  
Ana Isabel Ribeiro ◽  
Susana Aznar ◽  
Andreia Pizarro ◽  
Maria Paula Santos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Residential Environments ◽  
Address Data

Environmental factors play an important role in obesity-related behaviors. Evidence indicates significant associations between weight and urban green spaces in adults, but it is not clear whether this relationship applies to adolescents. Therefore, our aim was to determine the associations between urban green spaces, greenness exposure and species richness in residential environments with physical activity and body mass index. Sixty-two adolescents between 12 and 18 years of age answered a self-administered questionnaire, providing information on height, weight, age, sex and home address. Data on socioeconomic deprivation were obtained from the European Index of Deprivation for Small Portuguese Areas. Physical activity levels were assessed using accelerometers. Urban green space counts and the normalized difference vegetation index values were measured using buffers along the roads with distances of 300, 500, 1000 and 1500 m from each participant’s residence. To quantify the species richness, the species richness index was used. Linear regression models were fitted to analyze whether urban green spaces, exposure to green spaces and species richness counts for each distance were associated with physical activity and self-reported body mass index. We did not find significant associations between the independent variables and the probability of overweight or obesity. The relationship between environmental variables, adolescents’ physical activity and body weight seems to be complex and further studies may contribute to better understanding of the topic.

scholarly journals Vegetation Structure, Species Composition, and Carbon Sink Potential of Urban Green Spaces in Nagpur City, India

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Shruti Lahoti ◽  
Ashish Lahoti ◽  
Rajendra Kumar Joshi ◽  
Osamu Saito
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
The City

Nagpur is rapidly urbanizing, and in the process witnessing decline in its green status which is one of the identities of the city. The study aims to understand the current species diversity, composition and structure in different classes of greens prevalent in the city. As urban green spaces (UGS) are also reservoirs of carbon stock, the study estimates their biomass. Through rigorous field work, data were collected from 246 sample plots across various UGS classes as pre-stratification. Then the biomass was estimated using non-destructive method with species-specific equation. The diversity of tree species recorded in UGS varies, with high diversity recorded in avenue plantation and institutional compounds. The overall variation in species composition among UGS classes was 36.8%. While in managed greens the species composition was similar, in institutional greens and forest it was different. Particularly, in forest the evenness was high with low diversity and low species richness. The structural distribution indicate lack of old trees in the city, with high number of tree species between diameter classes of 10–40 cm. Biomass was recorded high in road-side plantations (335 t ha−1) and playgrounds (324 t ha−1), and trees with bigger girth size where the main contributors. The dominant species indicates that high growth rate, tolerance to drought and pollution are the key attributes considered for species selection by local authorities. Though the city holds green image, vegetation along the avenues and institutions are stressed, exposed, and threatened by felling activities for grey infrastructure expansions. In such scenario, protection and preservation of older trees is crucial to maintain the carbon stock of the city. In addition, local authorities need to focus on effective afforestation programs through public participation to achieve high survival rate and reduce the maintenance cost. For species selection in addition to phenology and growth rate, tree biomass and life span needs to be considered to significantly enhance the urban environment and increase the benefits derived from UGS.

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