Environmental Kuznets Curve and Trade Openness in Turkey: Bootstrap ARDL Approach with a Structural Break

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 20264-20276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Korkut Pata
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Ardl Approach

scholarly journals Malaysia’s Energy-Growth Nexus and Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: Empirical Analysis Using the VECM and ARDL Cointegration Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Takashi Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Energy Growth ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Causality Tests

This paper investigated Malaysia’s energy-growth nexus and environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis over the period 1971-2014 by taking the globalization variables of trade openness and foreign direct investment (FDI) and the structural break dummy of the Asian financial crisis of 1997 into estimation. To give interference, the Granger causality tests were implemented in the framework of two cointegration techniques: vector error correction model (VECM) and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL). As per Malaysia’s energy-growth nexus, referring to different results of the two approaches, we concluded that the presence of the energy-growth nexus was statistically confirmed, but it has not been fully established yet in the country. On the other hand, both the VECM and ARDL results provided the same conclusion for Malaysia’s EKC hypothesis, that is, in the initial stage, as the higher economic growth, the less CO2 emissions, but after a threshold, the higher economic growth, the more CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in Pakistan

Market Forces ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zaheer Khan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
Real Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Using Data

A number of studies have already determined the existence of inverted U-shaped environmental Kuznets curve in Pakistan however the role of structural breaks in determining the relationship is yet to be investigated. The objective of this study was to determine if the presence of possible structural breaks explain the existence of environmental Kuznets curve type relationship in Pakistan for the period 1980-2016 by using data of total energy consumption, Real GDP per capita, foreign direct investment and trade openness. For the analysis the study first used the conventional time series econometric methods to determine the order of integration and Cointegration in the model. Second; as it is evident from the literature that presence of structural break in the model can have a significant impact, so the study used the Zivot and Andrews unit root test with one structural break to determine the order of integration in the model and Gregory-Hansen -Cointegration method to determine the presence of structural break within Cointegration framework. The results of the study not only confirm the existence of environmental Kuznets curve in the model, it also confirms the presence of structural break in the model.

An Environmental Kuznets Curve for N2O emissions in Germany: an ARDL approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel A. Zambrano-Monserrate ◽  
Mario Andres Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Ardl Approach

scholarly journals Revisiting Environmental Kuznets Curve in Relation to Economic Development and Energy Carbon Emission Efficiency: Evidence from Suzhou, China

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Ming Wen ◽  
Mingxing Li ◽  
Naila Erum ◽  
Abid Hussain ◽  
Haoyang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Long Run

This study empirically examines the effect of economic development on carbon emissions and revisits the environmental Kuznets curve in Suzhou, China. The study made use of the Gross Domestic Product Per Capita (GDPPC) of Suzhou, China as an indicator of economic development as it depicts the entire developmental ecosystem that indicates the level of production activities and total energy consumption. Bearing this in mind, the authors postulate that economic development directly increases carbon emissions through industrial and domestic consumptions. For this purpose, linear and non-linear approaches to cointegration are applied. The study finds the existence of an inverted U-shape relationship between economic development and carbon emission in the long run. Trade openness and industrial share are positively contributing to increasing carbon emissions. Energy use shows a positive sign but an insignificant association with carbon emissions. The study concludes that carbon emissions in Suzhou should be further decreased followed by policy recommendations.

The Environmental Kuznets Curve and Effect Factors of CO2 Emissions in China: Dynamic Econometric Test Based on ARDL Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 1670-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Zou ◽  
Xun Chen ◽  
Jun Na Lv
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Point Energy ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run

For discussing the shape, turning point and influencing factors of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) for Chinese CO2 emissions, by using data for 1960-2009, the dynamic relationship between income, other affecting factors and CO2 emissions was studied utilizing the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag - Error Correction Model (ARDL-ECM) and boundary test methodology. The results suggest the existence of cointegration relationship among variables and presence of an inverted-U shape relationship in both short and long-run, thus supporting the EKC hypothesis. At present China has not surpassed the curve’s turning point. Energy intensity is key influencing factor for CO2 emissions. Industry structure is positively correlated with CO2 emissions. However, trade openness has little influence on it. The short-run environmental negative effect of urbanization and long-run positive effect of population density are both significant, the regression coefficient of energy consumption structure is positive in long-run but negative in short-run.

scholarly journals Environmental Degradation and Nigeria’s Macroeconomic Space

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozoemena Stanley Nwodo ◽  
Jude Onyekachi Ozor ◽  
Udoka Ede Okekpa ◽  
Victoria Chinonso Agu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Development Indicator ◽  
World Development Indicator ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
World Development

The fear for the future of human existence on this planet has made it necessary to pay special attention to studies that are related to the environment. In view of this, this study attempts to re-examine the environmental Kuznets curve in the midst of selected macroeconomic variables in Nigeria. The study estimated the relationship between carbon dioxide emission and some selected macroeconomic variables such as energy consumption (proxied by energy price); gross domestic product; population density; trade openness; ratio of manufacturing as a share of GDP and foreign direct investment using the ARDL model. With the adoption of secondary data for the period of 1981 to 2016 obtained from the world development indicator, the findings validated an N-shaped relationship between economic growth and the pollution in Nigeria in the midst of other Macroeconomic variables and based on this, it was recommended among others the building of a strong and effective environmental regulatory framework for the Nigerian economy and the adoption of clean technologies for the Nigerian economy

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