Estimating the urban environmental impact of gasoline-ethanol blended fuels in a passenger vehicle engine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilson Tristão Duarte ◽  
Irenilza de Alencar Nääs ◽  
Nilsa Duarte da Silva Lima
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Engine ◽  
Blended Fuels

An experimental study on optimal spark timing control for improved performance of a flex fuel vehicle engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (5) ◽  
pp. 1294-1303
Author(s):  
Junsang Yoo ◽  
Taeyong Lee ◽  
Pyungsik Go ◽  
Yongseok Cho ◽  
Kwangsoon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Timing Control ◽  
Vehicle Engine ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Linear Interpolation Method ◽  
Blended Fuels

In the American continent, the most frequently used alternative fuel is ethanol. Especially in Brazil, various blends of gasoline–ethanol fuels are widely spread. The vehicle using blended fuel is called flexible fuel vehicle. Because of several selections for the blending ratios in gas stations, the fuel properties may vary after refueling depending on a driver’s selection. Also, the combustion characteristics of the flexible fuel vehicle engine may change. In order to respond to the flexible fuel vehicle market in Brazil, a study on blended fuels is performed. The main purpose of this study is to enhance performance of the flexible fuel vehicle engine to target Brazilian market. Therefore, we investigated combustion characteristics and optimal spark timings of the blended fuels with various blending ratios to improve the performance of the flexible fuel vehicle engine. As a tool for prediction of the optimal spark timing for the 1.6L flexible fuel vehicle engine, the empirical equation was suggested. The validity of the equation was investigated by comparing the predicted optimal spark timings with the stock spark timings through engine tests. When the stock spark timings of E0 and E100 were optimal, the empirical equation predicted the actual optimal spark timings for blended fuels with a good accuracy. In all conditions, by optimizing spark timing control, performance was improved. Especially, torque improvements of E30 and E50 fuels were 5.4% and 1.8%, respectively, without affecting combustion stability. From these results, it was concluded that the linear interpolation method is not suitable for flexible fuel vehicle engine control. Instead of linear interpolation method, optimal spark timing which reflects specific octane numbers of gasoline–ethanol blended fuels should be applied to maximize performance of the flexible fuel vehicle engine. The results of this study are expected to save the effort required for engine calibration when developing new flexible fuel vehicle engines and to be used as a basic strategy to improve the performance of other flexible fuel vehicle engines.

Advanced Synthetic Passenger Vehicle Engine Oils for Extended Oil Drain Performance

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bergstra ◽  
W. A. Givens ◽  
W. L. Maxwell ◽  
W. H. Richman
Keyword(s):  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Vehicle Engine

Advanced low viscosity synthetic passenger vehicle engine oils

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bergstra ◽  
D. J. Baillargeon ◽  
D. E. Deckman ◽  
J. A. Goes
Keyword(s):  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Vehicle Engine

Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Chinese Radial Passenger Vehicle Tire

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 2432-2445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Sun ◽  
Ji Hu Zheng ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Ming Nan Zhao ◽  
He Xia Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Impact Categories ◽  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
New Model ◽  
Use Stage

The life cycle environmental impacts of the new model radial passenger vehicle tire product was evaluated and compared. the silicon dioxide was added to replace part of the carbon black as filler, with its previous model tire product. The study covers all relevant life cycle stages: from the acquisition of raw materials to the production, use, and end-of-life. The data collected onsite in 2014 by one of the largest Chinese tire companies were used in the assessment. The evaluation is presented in terms of individual impact category according to the CML model. Five impact categories (i.e., global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), photochemical oxidant creation potential (POCP), eutrophication potential (EP), and human toxicity potential (HTP)) were considered. The research was conducted in accordance with the ISO 14040/14044 standards. The results showed that In all the five impact categories, new model tire product is lower than the previous model in the whole life cycle. It is mostly due to the reduction of the fuel consumption during the use stage, which resulted in replacing part of the carbon black with silicon dioxide. Fuel (gasoline) consumption represents an important contribution to most impact categories, including the GWP, AP, POCP, and EP, during the use stage. Vehicle fuel consumption and its proportion consumed by the tires during the use stage are key factors that contribute to environmental impact during tire life time. The largest contributor to the HTP category is raw material acquisition, mainly because of the impact of the production of organic chemicals. During the raw material acquisition stage, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, carbon black, and organic chemicals represent the largest contribution to the environmental impact categories, which could be mitigated by reducing the use of raw materials, replacing the aromatic oil with environmental oil in the new model tire product.

scholarly journals The verification of ECU calibrations of a 1.3 Multijet engine on a chassis dynamometer

2008 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Jerzy MERKISZ ◽  
Piotr ŚWIĄTEK
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Engine Test ◽  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
Chassis Dynamometer ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Engine Load ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Vehicle Engine

One of the basic purposes of passenger vehicle engine tests on a chassis dynamometer is to verify the results of the tests carried out on engine test beds in terms of the ECU parameters. The paper presents the analysis of the engine load distribution in driving cycles both European and American. The issue of the influence of selected calibrations of a 1.3 Multijet engine on its operating parameters and the exhaust emissions has been presented. The realization of the project consisted in performing a series of tests on a chassis dynamometer for selected ECU calibrations determined during the engine test bed phase.

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