scholarly journals Exploring the relations between teachers’ cue-utilization, monitoring and regulation of students’ text learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke van de Pol ◽  
Selia N. van den Boom-Muilenburg ◽  
Tamara van Gog
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Text Learning ◽  
Cue Utilization ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Monitoring Accuracy ◽  
Effect Monitoring ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Learning From Texts ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cue Availability

AbstractThis study investigated teachers’ monitoring and regulation of students’ learning from texts. According to the cue-utilization framework (Koriat, in Journal of Experimental Psychology, 126, 349–370, 1997), monitoring accuracy depends on how predictive the information (or cues) that teachers use to make monitoring judgments actually is for students’ performance. Accurate monitoring of students’ comprehension is considered a precondition for adaptive regulation of students’ learning. However, these assumptions have not yet been directly investigated. We therefore examined teachers’ cue-utilization and how it affects their monitoring and regulation accuracy. In a within-subjects design, 21 secondary education teachers made monitoring judgments and regulation decisions for fifteen students under three cue-availability conditions: 1) only student cues (i.e., student’s name), 2) only performance cues (i.e., diagrams students completed about texts they had read), and 3) both student and performance cues (i.e., student’s name and completed diagram). Teachers’ absolute and relative monitoring accuracy was higher when having student cues available in addition to diagram cues. Teachers’ relative regulation accuracy was higher when having only performance cues available instead of only student cues (as indicated by a direct effect). Monitoring accuracy predicted regulation accuracy and in addition to a direct effect, we also found and indirect effect of cue-availability on regulation accuracy (via monitoring accuracy). These results suggest that accurate regulation can be brought about both indirectly by having accurate monitoring judgments and directly by cue-utilization. The findings of this study can help to refine models of teacher monitoring and regulation and can be useful in designing effective interventions to promote teachers’ monitoring and regulation.

scholarly journals Mapping and Drawing to Improve Students’ and Teachers’ Monitoring and Regulation of Students’ Learning from Text: Current Findings and Future Directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 951-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke van de Pol ◽  
Mariëtte van Loon ◽  
Tamara van Gog ◽  
Sophia Braumann ◽  
Anique de Bruin
Keyword(s):  
Concept Maps ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Cue Utilization ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Monitoring Accuracy ◽  
Learning From Text ◽  
Learning From Texts ◽  
Cue Diagnosticity

Abstract For (facilitating) effective learning from texts, students and teachers need to accurately monitor students’ comprehension. Monitoring judgments are accurate when they correspond to students’ actual comprehension. Accurate monitoring enables accurate (self-)regulation of the learning process, i.e., making study decisions that are in line with monitoring judgments and/or students’ comprehension. Yet, (self-)monitoring accuracy is often poor as the information or cues used are not always diagnostic (i.e., predictive) for students’ actual comprehension. Having students engage in generative activities making diagnostic cues available improves monitoring and regulation accuracy. In this review, we focus on generative activities in which text is transformed into visual representations using mapping and drawing (i.e., making diagrams, concept maps, or drawings). This has been shown to improve monitoring and regulation accuracy and is suited for studying cue diagnosticity and cue utilization. First, we review and synthesize findings of studies regarding (1) students’ monitoring accuracy, regulation accuracy, learning, cue diagnosticity, and cue utilization; (2) teachers’ monitoring and regulation accuracy and cue utilization; and (3) how mapping and drawing affect using effort as a cue during monitoring and regulation, and how this affects monitoring and regulation accuracy. Then, we show how this research offers unique opportunities for future research on advancing measurements of cue diagnosticity and cue utilization and on how effort is used as a cue during monitoring and regulation. Improving measures of cue diagnosticity and cue utilization can provide us with more insight into how students and teachers monitor and regulate students’ learning, to help design effective interventions to foster these important skills.

Zero Effect of Crowding on Arousal and Performance: On ‘Proving’ the Null Hypothesis

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Rousseau ◽  
Lionel Standing
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Second Languages ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Zero Effect ◽  
Verbal Production ◽  
Verbal Performance

This study examined the effect of crowded versus uncrowded conditions upon pulse and self-rated arousal, and upon verbal production performance in subjects' first and second languages. Participants were 52 francophone college students. Arousal estimates were identical for crowded and noncrowded conditions as was verbal performance, thereby contradicting the theories of Zajonc (1965) and Freedman and Perlick (1979) in which crowding is viewed as an activating and intensifying stimulus. Crowding itself appears to have no direct effect on arousal or behaviour as measured.

Brief Experimental Analysis of Math Interventions: A Synthesis of Evidence

2019 ◽  
pp. 153450841988393
Author(s):  
Nicole M. McKevett ◽  
Robin S. Codding
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Reading Interventions ◽  
Brief Experimental Analysis ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Math Intervention ◽  
Math Interventions ◽  
Computational Fluency ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Interventions

Brief experimental analysis (BEA) is a quick method used to identify the function of student learning difficulties and match effective interventions to students’ needs. Extensive work has been done to explore the use of this methodology to determine effective reading interventions; however, a smaller number of published studies have examined the use of BEAs in math. The purpose of the current review was to identify all studies that have used BEA methodology in math. Fifteen studies that included 63 participants and used BEA methodology to identify the most effective math intervention for students were located. Results of the synthesis indicate that the majority of BEAs compared skill and performance interventions on computational fluency; however, the methodology across the included studies varied. Strengths and limitations of the research, in addition to implications for research and practice, are discussed.

scholarly journals Personality and Peak Performance on Commitments Organization of Theological High Schools in West Java Region II Bogor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
david ming ◽  
Maria Titik Windarwati
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
West Java ◽  
Theological School ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Region Ii

<p>The commitment of lecturers as indicated in their loyalty and performance plays a very important role in achieving organizational goals. The researcher formulates the problem as follows;. What is the personality of the theological school lecturer in West Java? 2. How is the performance of theological school lecturers in West Java? 3. How is the commitment of theological school lecturers in West Java? 4. How much influence does the personality and performance of the lecturers have on the organizational commitment of theological school in West Java? The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of personality, lecturer performance on commitment to the theological school lecturer organization in West Java. 124 lecturers who were sampled were taken from 8 theological schools in region II Bogor. Data collection techniques obtained by conducting interviews. The data were analyzed using quantitative methods, descriptive statistics, linkert scale and path analysis. Then the results show that there is a positive direct effect of personality on organizational commitment by having a positive direct influence on the path coefficient ρ31 = 0.169, Lecturer performance on organizational commitment with a positive direct effect by having a positive direct influence on the coefficient ρ32 = 0.267, Dosendan performance and personality. performance together against organizational commitment ρ32 = 0.436. So the conclusion is that the personality and high performance of the lecturers greatly influence organizational commitment</p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH BERANTAI BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES TERHADAP KREATIFITAS DAN KINERJA USAHA UMKM

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Sulhaini Sulhaini ◽  
Rusdan Rusdan ◽  
Rahman Dayani ◽  
Baiq Ismiwati
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Market Orientation ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Learning Orientation ◽  
Human Resource Practices ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Learning Orientations ◽  
And Performance

This research aimed at examining the chain of effects of organisational culture and human resource practices towards SMEs’ creativity and performance. The study contributes to the literature by giving explanations related to how human resource practices, market and learning orientations affect the creativity and performance of SMEs. Population in this research was all SMEs producing handicraft, food / beverage and others in Mataram-Indonesia. Sample firms were selected using purposive sampling. The results showed that organizational culture, namely market orientation and learning orientation affect creativity and business performance in different ways. Learning orientation does not have a strong effect on creativity but has a direct effect on business performance. Meanwhile market orientation and human resource practices have no direct effect on business performance but through their influence on creativity. Market orientation and human resource practices ensure high business performance through its influence on creativity improvement. Market orientation becomes a source of creative ideas as its dimensions provide opportunities for SMEs to find useful ideas. Furthermore, human resource practices maintain / motivate employees for continuous creative endeavors, faster and better than to competitors. This creates higher customer value, stronger competitive advantage and greater guarantees business success /business performance.Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh berantai dari budaya organisasi dan human resource practices terhadap kreatifitas dan kinerja usaha UMKM. Studi ini berkontribusi pada literature dengan memberikan penjelasan terkait bagaimana human resource practices, market dan learning orientations mempengaruhi kreatifitas dan kinerja usaha UMKM. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua UMKM dibidang usaha pengolahan baik kerajinan maupun makanan/minuman dan lainnya. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dari teknik sampling Non-Probability Sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya organisasi, yaitu market orientation dan learning orientation mempengaruhi kreatifitas dan kinerja usaha dengan cara yang berbeda. Learning orientation tidak berpengaruh kuat terhadap kreatifitas tetapi berpengaruh langsung terhadap kinerja usaha. Sedangkan market orientation memiliki pengaruh yang sama dengan human resource practices, yaitu tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap kinerja usaha tetapi melalui pengaruhnya terhadap kreatifitas. Market orientation dan human resource practices menjamin kinerja usaha yang tinggi melalui pengaruhnya terhadap peningkatan kreatifitas. Market orientation menjadi sumber inspirasi ide-ide kreatif karena adanya orientasi kepada konsumen dan pesaing memberikan peluang bagi UMKM untuk menemukan ide. Selanjutnya, human resource practices menguatkan motivasi karyawan untuk berkreasi secara berkelanjutan, lebih cepat dan lebih unggul dari pesaing. Hal ini menciptakan keunggulan bersaing yang lebih kuat dan menjadi jaminan kesuksesan usaha/kinerja usaha yang lebih tinggiKeywords :human resource practices, organizational culture, creativity

scholarly journals SMART WORKING AND ONLINE PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: WORK-FAMILY BALANCE, WELL-BEING, AND PERFORMANCE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiano Rapisarda ◽  
◽  
Elena Ghersetti ◽  
Damiano Girardi ◽  
Nicola Alberto De Carlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Family Balance ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Smart Working ◽  
Work Family Balance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Work Family

"During lockdown and the severe restrictions aimed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, in Italy great consideration has been given to “smart working” (SW). This term refers to a form of work characterized by the absence of time or space restrictions and an organization by phases, cycles, and objectives. The requirements for SW are: work must be carried out electronically; the tools must be adequate; performance must be measurable and focused on objectives; employees must have a suitable place to get their work done. These requirements ensure that the essential objectives of SW are attained: replacing the logic of performing tasks with that of achieving objectives; allowing everyone to manage work actively and autonomously; stimulating more decisive accountability in work, and better performance. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, action-research interventions have been conducted by private and public organizations. The private sector has endeavored to meet the requirements described above. This has not always been the case in the public sector, where largely widespread and indiscriminate use of SW has been made, not always complying with the protocols. However, even within the “emergency” limits of these experiences, SW has generally been accepted. The main advantages reported by employees are time and money saved on travel and food, in addition to improved family life. However, some problems have also emerged. These include the perception of social isolation; difficulty in disconnecting from technology; inadequacy of the tools; inadequate communication with managers. We also found that the health conditions of some “smart workers” have worsened in terms of anxiety, sleep disorders, and emotional symptoms. The data clearly show the complexity of analyses and interventions in relation to the SW phenomenon. The protection of employees’ health, especially in terms of recovery and work-family balance, appears to be particularly complex. In this context, the authors’ experience shows that online psychology has become more significant because it allows to support employees at any time. The literature highlights the growing use of online psychological support also through smartphone apps that provide effective interventions anywhere. Therefore, if, on the one hand, the requirements, objectives, and good practices of SW are to be pursued to limit the critical issues that have arisen, on the other, organizations should provide psychological support to employees even at a distance and by using appropriate technologies."

scholarly journals The Role of Cue Utilization during a Simulated Driving Scenario

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 848-852
Author(s):  
Daniel Sturman ◽  
Mark W. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Cerebral Oxygenation ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Cue Utilization ◽  
Simulated Driving ◽  
Driving Scenario ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Simulated Driving Task

The present study was designed to establish whether a cue-based assessment of driving could predict cognitive load and performance during a simulated driving task. Following an assessment of cue utilization in the domain of driving, participants completed a moderate workload simulated driving task, during which cerebral oxygenation, eye behavior, and driving performance metrics were recorded. During the simulated driving task, participants with higher cue utilization recorded smaller increases in cerebral oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex relative to baseline, and smaller mean fixation dispersions, compared to participants with lower cue utilization. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of speed exceedances nor missed traffic signals based on cue utilization. These outcomes suggest that participants with higher cue utilization were able to allocate fewer cognitive resources to the simulated driving task, while maintaining an equivalent level of driving performance, compared to participants with lower cue utilization.

Supporting Surgical Teams: Identifying Needs and Barriers for Exoskeleton Implementation in the Operating Room

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie S. Cha ◽  
Sara Monfared ◽  
Dimitrios Stefanidis ◽  
Maury A. Nussbaum ◽  
Denny Yu
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Surgical Team ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Societal Factors ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
System Usability Scale ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Surgical Teams

Objective The objective of this study was to identify potential needs and barriers related to using exoskeletons to decrease musculoskeletal (MS) symptoms for workers in the operating room (OR). Background MS symptoms and injuries adversely impact worker health and performance in surgical environments. Half of the surgical team members (e.g., surgeons, nurses, trainees) report MS symptoms during and after surgery. Although the ergonomic risks in surgery are well recognized, little has been done to develop and sustain effective interventions. Method Surgical team members ( n = 14) participated in focus groups, performed a 10-min simulated surgical task with a commercial upper-body exoskeleton, and then completed a usability questionnaire. Content analysis was conducted to determine relevant themes. Results Four themes were identified: (1) characteristics of individuals, (2) perceived benefits, (3) environmental/societal factors, and (4) intervention characteristics. Participants noted that exoskeletons would benefit workers who stand in prolonged, static postures (e.g., holding instruments for visualization) and indicated that they could foresee a long-term decrease in MS symptoms with the intervention. Specifically, raising awareness of exoskeletons for early-career workers and obtaining buy-in from team members may increase future adoption of this technology. Mean participant responses from the System Usability Scale was 81.3 out of 100 ( SD = 8.1), which was in the acceptable range of usability. Conclusion Adoption factors were identified to implement exoskeletons in the OR, such as the indicated need for exoskeletons and usability. Exoskeletons may be beneficial in the OR, but barriers such as maintenance and safety to adoption will need to be addressed. Application Findings from this work identify facilitators and barriers for sustained implementation of exoskeletons by surgical teams.

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