Effect of External Electric Field Application on the Clogging Behavior of Submerged Entry Nozzles During Aluminum-Killed Steel Casting

Bidomain single crystals of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) are promising material for usage as actuators, mechanoelectrical transducers and sensors working in a wide temperature range. It is necessary to take into account anisotropy of properties of crystalline material when such devices are designed. Inthis study we investigated deformations of bidomain round shapedY+ 128°-cut wafers of lithium niobate in an external electric field. Dependencies of piezoelectric coefficients on rotation angles were calculated for lithium niobate and lithium tantalate and plotted for the crystal cuts which are used for bidomain ferroelectric structure formation. In experiment, we utilized external heating method and long-time annealing with lithium out-diffusion method in order to create round bidomain lithium niobate wafers. In order to obtain dependencies of the bidomain crystals’ movements on the rotation angle with central fastening and external electric field application optical microscopy was used. We also modeled a shape of the deformed bidomain wafer with a suggestion that the edge movement depends on the radial distance to the fastening point quadratically. In conclusion, bidomainY+ 128°-cut lithium niobate wafer exhibits saddle-like deformation when DC electric field is applied.

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Bulk Periodically Poled MgO-doped LiNbO3 by External Electric Field Application

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics ◽

10.1143/jjap.38.l512 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 38 (Part 2, No. 5A) ◽

pp. L512-L514 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Masaru Nakamura ◽

Masahiro Kotoh ◽

Hirokazu Taniguchi ◽

Kazuyuki Tadatomo

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

External Electric Field ◽

Field Application ◽

Periodically Poled

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Generation of mechanical force by grafted polyelectrolytes in an electric field: application to polyelectrolyte-based nano-devices

Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rsta.2016.0143 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 374 (2080) ◽

pp. 20160143 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

N. V. Brilliantov ◽

Yu. A. Budkov ◽

C. Seidel

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

External Electric Field ◽

Optical Tweezers ◽

Md Simulations ◽

Friction Model ◽

Field Application ◽

Mechanical Force ◽

The Body ◽

Theoretical Predictions ◽

Solid Friction

We analyse theoretically and by means of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations the generation of mechanical force by a polyelectrolyte (PE) chain grafted to a plane. The PE is exposed to an external electric field that favours its adsorption on the plane. The free end of the chain is linked to a deformable target body. By varying the field, one can alter the length of the non-adsorbed part of the chain. This entails variation of the deformation of the target body and hence variation of the force arising in the body. Our theoretical predictions for the generated force are in very good agreement with the MD data. Using the theory developed for the generated force, we study the effectiveness of possible PE-based nano-vices, composed of two clenching planes connected by PEs and exposed to an external electric field. We exploit the Cundall–Strack solid friction model to describe the friction between a particle and the clenching planes. We compute the diffusion coefficient of a clenched particle and show that it drastically decreases even in weak applied fields. This demonstrates the efficacy of the PE-based nano-vices, which may be a possible alternative to the existing nanotube nano-tweezers and optical tweezers. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Multiscale modelling at the physics–chemistry–biology interface’.

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