The Effect of Antrum Size on Weight Loss, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Levels, and Glycemic Control Following Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Adolescents with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone, is known to lower glucose levels, suppress glucagon secretion, and slow gastric emptying. These properties make GLP-1 an ideal target in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are many FDA-approved GLP-1 agonists on the market today, several of which have demonstrated benefit beyond improving glycemic control. Given the beneficial effects of GLP-1 agonists in patients with T2DM, new drugs are in development that combine the mechanism of action of GLP-1 receptor agonism with novel mechanisms and with drugs that promote GLP-1 secretion. These agents are designed to improve glycemic control and target greater body weight reduction. This article discusses new GLP-1 drugs in the pipeline for the treatment of T2DM.

Download Full-text

Lixisenatide—Once-daily Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes

European Endocrinology ◽

10.17925/ee.2012.08.01.12 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Celeste C L Quianzon ◽

Mansur E Shomali ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Receptor Agonist ◽

Potential Role ◽

Glycosylated Haemoglobin ◽

Once Daily ◽

Glucagon Suppression ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1

The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist diabetes medications have become important due to their unique features, such as their potency of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) lowering, durability of effect, glucose-depending insulin secretion resulting in a low risk of hypoglycaemia, glucagon suppression and weight loss. Lixisenatide is an investigational compound in this class, exhibits all of these features, and has some unique properties, which are highlighted in this review. The pharmacology of lixisenatide, the results of recent clinical trials investigating this agent, and its potential role in the management of type 2 diabetes will be discussed.

Download Full-text

Lixisenatide—Once-daily Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes

US Endocrinology ◽

10.17925/use.2011.07.02.104 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 07 (02) ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

Celeste C L Quianzon ◽

Mansur E Shomali ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Receptor Agonist ◽

Potential Role ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Once Daily ◽

Glucagon Suppression ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1

The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist diabetes medications have become important due to their unique features, such as their potency of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) lowering, durability of effect, glucose-depending insulin secretion resulting in a low risk of hypoglycemia, glucagon suppression, and weight loss. Lixisenatide is an investigational compound in this class, exhibits all of these features, and has some unique properties, which are highlighted in this review. The pharmacology of lixisenatide, the results of recent clinical trials investigating this agent, and its potential role in the management of type 2 diabetes will be discussed.

Download Full-text

Fighting Type-2 Diabetes: Present and Future Perspectives

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867324666171009115356 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (10) ◽

pp. 1891-1907 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cai-Guo Yu ◽

Ying Fu ◽

Yuan Fang ◽

Ning Zhang ◽

Rong-Xin Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Insulin Secretion ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Clinical Results ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Β Cells ◽

Receptor Agonists ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Background: Type-2 diabetes mellitus accounts for 80-90% of diabetic patients. So far, the treatment of diabetes mainly aims at elevating insulin level and lowering glucose level in the peripheral blood and mitigating insulin resistance. Physiologically, insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells is delicately regulated. Thus, how insulin-related therapies could titrate blood glucose appropriately and avoid the occurrence of hypoglycemia remains an important issue for decades. Similar question is addressed on how to attenuate vascular complication in diabetic subjects. Methods: We overviewed the evolution of each class of anti-diabetic drugs that have been used in clinical practice, focusing on their mechanisms, clinical results and cautions. Results: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists stimulate β cells for insulin secretion in response to diet but not in fasting stage, which make them superior than conventional insulinsecretion stimulators. DPP-4 inhibitors suppress glucagon-like peptide-1 degradation. Sodium/ glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors enhance glucose clearance through urine excretion. The appearance of these new drugs provides new information about glycemic control. We update the clinical findings of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors and Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in glycemic control and the risk or progression of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients. Stem cell therapy might be an alternative tool for diabetic patients to improve β cell regeneration and peripheral ischemia. We summarize the clinical results of mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into patients with diabetic limb and foot. Conclusion: A stepwise intensification of dual and triple therapy for individual diabetic patient is required to achieve therapeutic target.

Download Full-text