Erratum to: Short-Term Exposure to Enriched Environment in Adult Rats Restores MK-801-Induced Cognitive Deficits and GABAergic Interneuron Immunoreactivity Loss

Environmental enrichment (EE) has been shown to produce beneficial effects in animal models of a wide variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders. EE exhibits antidepressant function; reduces anxiety, improves spatial learning and memory impairment. EE can reduce sensitivity to loss of reward by reducing frustration-like emotional states and facilitates the extinction of conditioned fear. However, some studies related to the emotional effects of EE present controversial results such as reduction or increase in anxiety. The time of exposure to an enriched environment seems to be an important factor in the behavioral responses presented by animals subjected to aversive stimuli. The present study compared the effects of two and four week exposure to EE with young adult Wistar rats under the same conditions and protocol on fear behavioral parameters in the face of footshock (unconditioned fear) and on re-exposure to an environment after electrical shock pairing (conditioned fear). We showed that the EE with a duration of two weeks reduced the freezing response of the animals in an unconditioned fear situation, that is, with the aversive stimulus present in the environment, however, did not influence the same behavior in a conditioned fear situation. In addition, the short-term EE developed the locomotor and exploratory activity, identified by the high rearing behavior, which may also suggest a low level of anxiety in these animals. We can conclude that EE changes the unconditioned fear responses of young adult rats. In addition, the duration of EE interferes differently, being two weeks of treatment with EE sufficient to cause improvement in coping with unconditioned aversive situations. We suggest that the emotional benefits resulting from the welfare provided by EE can be abolished by the longer duration of this treatment, due to the already known effect of tolerance to lasting or abundant rewards.

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Short-term enriched environment exposure facilitates fear extinction in adult rats: The NPY-Y1 receptor modulation

Neuropeptides ◽

10.1016/j.npep.2015.10.001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 55 ◽

pp. 73-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gilliard Lach ◽

Maira Assunção Bicca ◽

Alexandre Ademar Hoeller ◽

Evelyn Cristina da Silva Santos ◽

Ana Paula Ramos Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fear Extinction ◽

Enriched Environment ◽

Short Term ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Y1 Receptor ◽

Receptor Modulation ◽

Environment Exposure

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Environmental enrichment improved cognitive deficits more in peri-adolescent than in adult rats after postnatal monosodium glutamate treatment

Physiology International ◽

10.1556/2060.104.2017.4.7 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 104 (4) ◽

pp. 271-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Madhavadas ◽

S Subramanian ◽

BM Kutty

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Deficits ◽

Positive Reinforcement ◽

Environmental Enrichment ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Monosodium Glutamate ◽

Hippocampal Volume ◽

Short Term ◽

Maze Task ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Old Rats

Exposure to enriched environment (EE) is known to promote sensory, cognitive, and motor stimulation with intensified levels of novelty and complexity. In this study, we investigated the positive regulatory effect of short-term exposure to EE on establishing functional recovery in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obese rats. Unless treated, MSG rats exhibited peripheral insulin resistance, cognitive deficits, and a reduction in the total hippocampal volume with decreased neuron count in the DG, CA3, and CA1 subfields. These MSG rats were exposed to short-term EE for 15 days for a period of 6 h/day, beginning either at 45 or at 75 days of age. EE exposure has improved insulin sensitivity, yielded a significant increase in total hippocampal volume along with increase in neuron number in the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus in both age groups. However, as assessed by radial arm maze task, which relies upon the positive reinforcement to test spatial memory, and the Barnes maze task, which utilizes an aversive learning strategy, a complete recovery of cognitive function could be achieved in 2-month-old rats only and not among 3-month-old rats, thus highlighting the importance of critical window period for EE interventions in restoring the memory functions. These results suggest the therapeutic potential of EE paradigm in prevention of cognitive disorders.

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Short-term exposure to formaldehyde promotes oxidative damage and inflammation in the trachea and diaphragm muscle of adult rats

Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger ◽

10.1016/j.aanat.2015.08.003 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 202 ◽

pp. 45-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Luiza Fagundes Lima ◽

Giselle Luciane Murta ◽

Ana Carla Balthar Bandeira ◽

Clarissa Rodrigues Nardeli ◽

Wanderson Geraldo Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Damage ◽

Diaphragm Muscle ◽

Short Term ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Short Term Exposure

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Short-term exposure to enriched environment rescues chronic stress-induced impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity, anxiety, and memory deficits

Journal of Neuroscience Research ◽

10.1002/jnr.23992 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 95 (8) ◽

pp. 1602-1610 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Venkanna Rao Bhagya ◽

Bettadapura N. Srikumar ◽

Jayagopalan Veena ◽

Byrathnahalli S. Shankaranarayana Rao

Keyword(s):

Synaptic Plasticity ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Memory Deficits ◽

Enriched Environment ◽

Short Term ◽

Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity ◽

Short Term Exposure

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Short-term enriched environment exposure facilitates fear extinction by NPY-Y1 receptor modulation in adult rats

Neuropeptides ◽

10.1016/j.npep.2015.11.060 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 55 ◽

pp. 21-22

Author(s):

Gilliard Lach ◽

Maira Assunção Bicca ◽

Alexandre Ademar Hoeller ◽

Evelyn Cristina da Silva Santos ◽

Ana Paula Ramos Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fear Extinction ◽

Enriched Environment ◽

Short Term ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Y1 Receptor ◽

Receptor Modulation ◽

Environment Exposure

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Gender-dependent behavioural impairment and brain metabolites in young adult rats after short term exposure to lead acetate

Toxicology Letters ◽

10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.01.012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 210 (1) ◽

pp. 15-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

M.T. Mansouri ◽

B. Naghizadeh ◽

P. López-Larrubia ◽

O. Cauli

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Lead Acetate ◽

Brain Metabolites ◽

Short Term ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Short Term Exposure

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Ganciclovir induces reproductive hazards in male rats after short-term exposure

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/096032719701600905 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 505-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

AS Faqi ◽

A. Klug ◽

H-J. Merker ◽

I. Chahoud

Keyword(s):

Term Treatment ◽

Male Reproduction ◽

Male Rats ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Clear Cut ◽

Treat Ment ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Cut Time

1 The effect of short-term treatment of ganciclovir on male reproduction in adult rats was studied. The animals were treated subcutaneously with either a single dose of 60 mg/kg daily for 5 days (Gan5day) or with 100 mg/kg administered three times at 4 h- intervals (Gan1day). The effects were investigated every 2 weeks up to 8 weeks, followed by investigations 16 and 24 weeks after treatment to detect the potential of recovery. 2 Time to mating was significantly increased in Gan1day group. The pregnancy index and outcome were only decreased 8 weeks (Gan5day and Gan1day) or 16 weeks (Gan1day) after treatment. 3 The lowest values of sperm variables studied were registered 8 weeks after treatment: The number of spermatid was reduced up to 4% (Gan5day) or 2% (Gan1day) of control; the sperm number was 5% and 8% of control in Gan5day and Gan1day, respectively. Over 80% of sperm were abnormal in Gan5day group, and only few normal sperm was detected in Gan1day group. 4 Morphological investigation of testes revealed a clear- cut time-dependency effect. Four weeks after treat ment distinct alterations were located exclusively in the peripheral part of the tubuli which included fat inclusions, cell and pyknotic nuclear debris and swellings of Sertoli cells. The effect was reversible 24 weeks after treatment. 5 Ganciclovir induces testicular damage and affects sperm variables after short-term exposure. The in tensity and degree of the hazards varied in between the time of investigation after treatment.

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