Peduncular Hallucinosis as First Presentation of Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 736-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugata Narayan Biswas ◽  
Souvik Biswas ◽  
Partha Pratim Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Peduncular Hallucinosis

Malignant transformation in benign cerebellar astrocytoma

1978 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Kleinman ◽  
William C. Schoene ◽  
Thomas M. Walshe ◽  
Edward P. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Partial Removal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cerebellar Astrocytoma ◽  
Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytomas ◽  
Infiltrative Growth Pattern ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors give follow-up information on Case 59 of Cushing's 1931 series of cerebellar astrocytomas. The patient died with a malignant cerebellar astrocytoma 48 years after partial removal of a previously benign astrocytoma at the same site. Including the present one, there have been only five reported cases in which this has occurred. Ordinarily, juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas are of extremely benign character, and it is well established that even with incomplete resections patients have survived for years without progression of the tumor. Not all of the cases so reported can be wholly accepted as representing malignant transformation of the tumor, but may instead be instances of recurrence of an inherently benign glioma since the presence of features such as endothelial hyperplasia or nuclear atypicality in a juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma does not warrant its being classified as malignant. Features truly suggestive of malignancy are hypercellularity, frequent mitoses, necrosis, and, in some instances, a diffusely infiltrative growth pattern; all of these features were found in the present case.

Medulloblastoma and juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma presenting as synchronous primary brain tumors in a child

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Jea ◽  
Ernesto Coscarella ◽  
Murali Chintagumpala ◽  
Meena Bhattacharjee ◽  
William E. Whitehead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cerebellar Hemisphere ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Primary Brain Tumors ◽  
Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Multiple Primary ◽  
Different Cell Types

Multiple metastatic brain tumors and multifocal primary brain tumors of a single histological type have been published in the adult and pediatric literature. However, the simultaneous occurrence of multiple primary brain tumors with different cell types is rare. Even more rare is the pediatric presentation of multiple primary brain tumors with different cell types. The authors describe the case of an 8-year-old boy who presented with a 2-week history of progressive headache, nausea and vomiting, and imbalance. Brain MR imaging demonstrated a heterogeneously enhancing mixed solid/cystic mass of the left cerebellar hemisphere and a larger, midline, more homogeneously enhancing lesion of the superior vermis. Spinal MR imaging was unremarkable. The patient underwent a suboccipital craniotomy and subsequent gross-total resection of both mass lesions. Pathological examination revealed the left cerebellar and superior vermian lesions to be a juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma and a medulloblastoma, respectively. The patient did well in the immediate postoperative period, was discharged home, and underwent neurooncological follow-up. To the best of the authors' knowledge, they describe the first known pediatric case in which a medulloblastoma and a juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma presented as synchronous primary brain tumors. They review the literature on multiple primary brain tumors with different histological characteristics and rehash potential mechanisms for their development.

Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma of the brainstem in children

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kestle ◽  
Jeannette J. Townsend ◽  
Douglas L. Brockmeyer ◽  
Marion L. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma

Focal brain-stem astrocytomas causing symptoms of involvement of the facial nerve nucleus: long-term survival in six pediatric cases

1994 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. B. Edwards ◽  
William M. Wara ◽  
Samuel F. Ciricillo ◽  
A. James Barkovich
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Brain Stem Glioma ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Nerve Nucleus

✓ Six children with a history of isolated facial nerve dysfunction or dizziness and nausea were treated for brain-stem glioma between 1984 and 1992. Computerized tomography and/or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed a focal, uniformly enhancing mass involving the facial nerve nucleus of the pons. All patients underwent biopsy; the histological diagnosis was juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma in five cases. In the remaining case the biopsy was nondiagnostic, although the surgeon believed that the lesion was a glioma. Postoperatively, five patients underwent conventional focal megavoltage radiation therapy (180 to 200 cGy/day) over a period of 5½ weeks to a total dose of approximately 5400 cGy. One child's family refused radiation therapy; she remained well and stable for 4 years, despite persistent facial weakness, and was eventually lost to follow-up review. Four irradiation-treated patients had complete resolution of their tumors on MR images and have had no evidence of neuropsychological or neuroendocrinological deficits during 4½ to 8 years of follow-up evaluation. Patients whose neuroradiological studies show a lesion resembling those in this series should undergo biopsy and, if the histology of a low-grade tumor (in particular, a juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma) is confirmed, should then receive focal radiation therapy with conventional megavoltage dosages.

Spontaneous Hemorrhage in a Mixed Glioma of the Cerebellum: Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.S. Specht ◽  
C. Pinto-Lord ◽  
T.W. Smith ◽  
U. DeGirolami ◽  
E. Suran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Mixed Glioma ◽  
Spontaneous Hemorrhage ◽  
Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Computed Tomographic Scan ◽  
Oligodendroglial Component

Abstract An 8-year-old boy presented in coma and was found to have a massive posterior fossa hemorrhage on computed tomographic scan. Autopsy disclosed a large cerebellar hematoma within a mixed glioma containing both juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma. It is postulated that the hemorrhage originated from the oligodendroglial component of the tumor.

scholarly journals Proton Therapy for Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma: Quantifying Treatment Responses by Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Ping Hou ◽  
Katherine H. Zhu ◽  
Peter C. Park ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Anita Mahajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Proton Therapy ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Tissue Responses

Purpose: Proton therapy is increasingly used to treat pediatric brain tumors. However, the response of both tumors and healthy tissues to proton therapy is currently under investigation. One way of assessing this response is magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which can measure molecular mobility at the cellular level, quantified by the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). In addition, DTI may reveal axonal fiber directional information in white matter, quantified by fractional anisotropy (FA). Here we report use of DTI to assess tumor and unexposed healthy brain tissue responses in a child who received proton therapy for juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma. Materials and Methods: A 10-year-old boy with recurrent juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma of the left thalamus received proton therapy to a dose of 50.4Gy (RBE) in 28 fractions. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to select beam angles for treatment planning. Over the course of the 7-year follow-up period, magnetic resonance imaging including DTI was done to assess response. The MR images were registered to the treatment-planning computed tomography scan, and the gross tumor volume (GTV) was mapped onto the MR images at each follow-up. The GTV contour was then mirrored to the right side of brain through the midline to represent unexposed healthy brain tissue. Results: Proton therapy delivered the full prescribed dose to the target while completely sparing the contralateral brain. The MR ADC images obtained before and after proton therapy showed that enhancement corresponding to the GTV had nearly disappeared by 25 months. The ADC and FA measurements confirmed that contralateral healthy brain tissue was not affected, and the GTV reverted to clinically normal ADC and FA values. Conclusion: Use of DTI allowed quantitative evaluation of tumor and healthy brain tissue responses to proton therapy.

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