Characterization of Botryosphaeria dothidea, the causal agent of grapevine canker in China

Blackberry cane diseases with the symptoms of necrosis, canker, and wilting are caused by several fungi worldwide. Surveys conducted from 2013 to 2016 in Serbia revealed the occurrence of Gnomoniopsis idaeicola, the causal agent of cane canker and wilting, which was found to be distributed in almost half of the surveyed orchards, in three blackberry cultivars, and with disease incidence of up to 80%. Wide distribution and high disease incidence suggest that G. idaeicola has been present in Serbia for some time. Out of 427 samples, a total of 65 G. idaeicola isolates were obtained (isolation rate of 34.19%). Reference isolates, originating from different localities, were conventionally and molecularly identified and characterized. G. idaeicola was detected in single and mixed infections with fungi from genera Paraconiothyrium, Colletotrichum, Diaporthe, Botryosphaeria, Botrytis, Septoria, Neofusicoccum, and Discostroma, and no diagnostically specific symptoms could be related directly to the G. idaeicola infection. In orchards solely infected with G. idaeicola, blackberry plant mortality was up to 40%, and yield loses were estimated at 50%. G. idaeicola isolates included in this study demonstrated intraspecies diversity in morphological, biological, pathogenic, and molecular features, which indicates that population in Serbia may be of different origin. This is the first record of a massive outbreak of G. idaeicola infection, illustrating its capability of harmful influence on blackberry production. This study represents the initial step in studying G. idaeicola as a new blackberry pathogen in Serbia, aiming at developing efficient control measures.

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Molecular characterization of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus isolated from rose in Brazil

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20141810 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (12) ◽

pp. 2197-2200 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thor Vinícius Martins Fajardo ◽

Monique Bezerra Nascimento ◽

Marcelo Eiras ◽

Osmar Nickel ◽

Gilvan Pio-Ribeiro

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Molecular Analysis ◽

Nucleotide Sequences ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Causal Agent ◽

Ringspot Virus ◽

Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Virus ◽

First Time

ABSTRACT: There is no molecular characterization of Brazilian isolates of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), except for those infecting peach. In this research, the causal agent of rose mosaic was determined and the movement (MP) and coat (CP) protein genes of a PNRSV isolate from rose were molecularly characterized for the first time in Brazil. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of MP and CP complete genes were aligned and compared with other isolates. Molecular analysis of the MP and CP nucleotide sequences of a Brazilian PNRSV isolate from rose and others from this same host showed highest identities of 96.7% and 98.6%, respectively, and Rose-Br isolate was classified in PV32 group.

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Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Neofusicoccum mangiferae,the Causal Agent of Black Locust Decline

Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology ◽

10.4172/2157-7471.1000250 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 06 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Eisa Nazerian Hamid Reza

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Black Locust ◽

Causal Agent

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First Report of Botryosphaeria dothidea and B. obtusa on Apple in Bolivia

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2002.86.3.328a ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 328-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W. J. Kaiser ◽

G. M. Rivero V. ◽

E. Valverde B. ◽

L. Yerkes

Keyword(s):

Apple Fruit ◽

Causal Agent ◽

White Rot ◽

Fungal Mycelium ◽

Black Rot ◽

Banana Fruit ◽

Botryosphaeria Dothidea ◽

Mycelial Plug ◽

Apple Tissue ◽

Cork Borer

Gala and Winter Banana apples are important commercial crops in Azurduy and Lima Bamba, which are located in the Department (state) of Chuquisaca, Bolivia. White or bot rot (causal agent Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug.:Fr.) Ces. De. Not. [anamorph Fusicoccum aesculi Corda]) and black rot (causal agent B. obtusa (Schwein.) Shoemaker [anamorph Sphaeropsis malorum Berk.]) have not been reported previously from Bolivia. Both fungi were isolated from apple fruit and branch cankers in Azurduy, but only B. dothidea was isolated from rotted fruit and limb cankers in Lima Bamba. Both fungi also were isolated from rotted Gala and Winter Banana fruit purchased in the markets in Sucre, Bolivia. Symptoms on fruit consisted of light-to-dark brown lesions that ranged from 3- to 8-cm in diameter. Cankers on limbs were sunken and reddish brown and ranged from 2 to 25+ cm in length and 0.5 to 3 cm in diameter. Neither pathogen produced pycnidia in lesions on rotted fruit, but they often developed in branch cankers. Pseudothecia of B. dothidea and B. obtusa were not observed. Identification of both pathogens was based on descriptions of their anamorphic stages (1). To fulfill Koch's postulates, four healthy Gala apple fruit were inoculated with two isolates of each pathogen by wounding the opposite faces of surface-disinfected fruit with a 5-mm-diameter cork borer and inserting mycelial plugs of the pathogens. Plugs were obtained from the margins of cultures growing on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Wounds were made on the opposite sides of each fruit, a mycelial plug of one of the pathogens was inserted in one wound, and on the opposite side, a plug of sterile PDA was inserted as a control. Each plug containing fungal mycelium or sterile PDA was covered with a plug of trimmed apple tissue, and the apple fruit were incubated in a moist chamber at 17 to 20°C for 10 days. Six branches on two young apple trees growing outdoors in a nursery were inoculated in a similar manner with one isolate of each pathogen: bark was wounded with a 5-mm-diameter cork borer, and the wounded area was inoculated with a plug of PDA containing the pathogen or a plug of sterile PDA for the control. The inoculated sites were wrapped with masking tape to prevent dehydration. Within 10 days, all fruit wounds inoculated with isolates of each pathogen developed brown lesions up to 5 cm in diameter. Each pathogen was reisolated from tissues in which it had been inoculated, but not from any of the noninoculated control sites. Within 6 to 8 weeks, all but one wound on branches inoculated with each pathogen developed depressed canker lesions up to 2 cm in length. Each pathogen was reisolated from the canker produced by inoculation with that pathogen, but not from any of the control sites. Reference: (1) T. B. Sutton. White rot and black rot. Pages 16–20 in: Compendium of Apple and Pear Diseases, A. L. Jones and H. S. Aldwinckle, eds. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1991.

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Resistance of olive cultivars to Botryosphaeria dothidea, causal agent of olive fruit rot in Montenegro

Crop Protection ◽

10.1016/j.cropro.2013.02.004 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 35-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jelena Latinović ◽

Angelo Mazzaglia ◽

Nedeljko Latinović ◽

Mirko Ivanović ◽

Mark L. Gleason

Keyword(s):

Causal Agent ◽

Fruit Rot ◽

Botryosphaeria Dothidea ◽

Olive Fruit ◽

Olive Cultivars

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A discovery 70 years in the making: characterization of the Rose rosette virus

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.031146-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 92 (7) ◽

pp. 1727-1732 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

Alma G. Laney ◽

Karen E. Keller ◽

Robert R. Martin ◽

Ioannis E. Tzanetakis

Keyword(s):

Rna Virus ◽

Causal Agent ◽

Low Diversity ◽

The Usa ◽

Rose Rosette ◽

Diversity Studies ◽

The Rose ◽

Negative Sense ◽

Eastern Half

Rose rosette was first described in the early 1940s and it has emerged as one of the most devastating diseases of roses. Although it has been 70 years since the disease description, the rosette agent is yet to be characterized. In this communication, we identify and characterize the putative causal agent of the disease, a negative-sense RNA virus and new member of the genus Emaravirus. The virus was detected in 84/84 rose rosette-affected plants collected from the eastern half of the USA, but not in any of 30 symptomless plants tested. The strong correlation between virus and disease is a good indication that the virus, provisionally named Rose rosette virus, is the causal agent of the disease. Diversity studies using two virus proteins, p3 and p4, demonstrated that the virus has low diversity between isolates as they share nucleotide identities ranging from 97 to 99%.

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