Ex Situ Conservation Strategies for Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don (Liliaceae): A Critically Endangered Medicinal Herb of Kashmir Himalaya

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadiya Shafi ◽  
Irshad Ahmad Nawchoo ◽  
Saqib Ahmad Shah ◽  
Zahoor Ahmad Kaloo
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Kashmir Himalaya ◽  
Endangered Medicinal Herb ◽  
Fritillaria Cirrhosa

scholarly journals Cryopreservation of Woody Crops: The Avocado Case

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Chris O’Brien ◽  
Jayeni Hiti-Bandaralage ◽  
Raquel Folgado ◽  
Alice Hayward ◽  
Sean Lahmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Recalcitrant Seed ◽  
In Vitro Storage ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Seed Crops

Recent development and implementation of crop cryopreservation protocols has increased the capacity to maintain recalcitrant seeded germplasm collections via cryopreserved in vitro material. To preserve the greatest possible plant genetic resources globally for future food security and breeding programs, it is essential to integrate in situ and ex situ conservation methods into a cohesive conservation plan. In vitro storage using tissue culture and cryopreservation techniques offers promising complementary tools that can be used to promote this approach. These techniques can be employed for crops difficult or impossible to maintain in seed banks for long-term conservation. This includes woody perennial plants, recalcitrant seed crops or crops with no seeds at all and vegetatively or clonally propagated crops where seeds are not true-to-type. Many of the world’s most important crops for food, nutrition and livelihoods, are vegetatively propagated or have recalcitrant seeds. This review will look at ex situ conservation, namely field repositories and in vitro storage for some of these economically important crops, focusing on conservation strategies for avocado. To date, cultivar-specific multiplication protocols have been established for maintaining multiple avocado cultivars in tissue culture. Cryopreservation of avocado somatic embryos and somatic embryogenesis have been successful. In addition, a shoot-tip cryopreservation protocol has been developed for cryo-storage and regeneration of true-to-type clonal avocado plants.

scholarly journals Hue and cry for Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don, a threatened medicinal plant in the Western Himalaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Mathela ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Monika Sharma ◽  
Gurinderjit Singh Goraya
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Threatened Medicinal Plant ◽  
Fritillaria Cirrhosa

AbstractThe unique Himalayan ecosystems are repositories to the wild populations of diverse flora and fauna. The high value medicinal and aromatic plant species (MAPs) are an example of the same. Since time immemorial, these MAPs have been traditionally used by the local inhabitants and have eventually developed a high market value all over the world. Increasing market demand engenders over-extraction of species, unsustainable collection further catalyses decline in wild populations. The current communication raises high conservation concern on the rapid population decline of Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don in the Western Himalaya. Harvested and traded with a new trade name i.e., ‘Jangli lehsun’ probably to disguise common Allium species, the species is facing tremendous decline in wild populations due to its illegal harvesting and trade in Himachal Pradesh. Further, F. cirrhosa faces threat due to unorganized, over-extraction, unsustainable and premature harvesting of the bulbs, coupled with illegal hidden markets functioning parallelly. Considering that this valuable species is under multiple threats being a medicinally important plant, priority should be given for its conservation through in-situ such as identification of medicinal plant conservation areas and ex-situ methods for its propagation and multiplication. Further, to ensure the long-term conservation of Fritillaria cirrhosa, prioritized conservation strategies such as strengthening of the Biodiversity Management Committees, capacity building through awareness programs for the key stakeholders and sustainable harvesting would be the practical solution.

scholarly journals Rescuing Magnolia sinica (Magnoliaceae), a Critically Endangered species endemic to Yunnan, China

Oryx ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Yongpeng Ma ◽  
Gao Chen ◽  
Congren Li ◽  
Zhiling Dao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Population Monitoring ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Endangered Tree

AbstractMagnolia sinica, a Critically Endangered tree endemic to Yunnan, China, is one of the 20 plant species with extremely small populations approved by the Yunnan government for urgent rescue action before 2015. Information on the geographical distribution and population size of this species had not previously been reported, hindering effective conservation. We therefore carried out a survey of the literature and of herbarium specimens, followed by a detailed field survey and morphological measurements and observations of surviving individuals. We located 52 individuals in the wild, in eight localities. Two distinguishing morphological characters (tepal colour and tepal number) were revised based on observations of all remaining wild individuals that produced flowers and on one 30-year-old flowering plant in Kunming Botanical Garden. The survival rate of individuals propagated from seed for ex situ conservation at the Garden was 100% over 5 years; of 100 individuals transplanted to each of two reinforcement sites, 20 and 18, respectively, were alive after 6 years. We propose two groups of measures to protect M. sinica: (1) in situ conservation, population monitoring, and public engagement, and (2) ex situ conservation with reinforcement or reintroduction.

scholarly journals Designing ex-situ conservation strategies for seeds storage of Piper aduncum and P. hispidinervum through cryopreservation and low-temperature techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 380-385
Author(s):  
Tatiane Loureiro Da Silva ◽  
Hugo Teixeira Gomes ◽  
Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Piper Aduncum

scholarly journals Copulatory behavior of Knuckles pygmy lizard (Cophotis dumbara)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-130
Author(s):  
H.D.C. Soysa ◽  
U.S.B. Hettige ◽  
M.G. Cooray ◽  
D.R. Vidanapathirane
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Copulatory Behavior ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Reproductive Behaviors ◽  
The World

Nearly one in every five species of reptiles in the world is threatened with extinction and thus is conservation dependent. In order to develop effective and targeted species conservation strategies, detailed information on their distribution, systematics and ecology are necessary. Information such as the natural history and in-situ reproductive behaviors would be crucial for highly threatened species that require ex-situ conservation measures. Agamid lizards are a major component of the global reptile diversity and a significant number are threatened due to habitat loss and other threats such as smuggling.

scholarly journals In-Situ and Ex-Situ Biodiversity Conservation in Ecuador: A Review of Policies, Actions and Challenges

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Mestanza-Ramón ◽  
Sujan M. Henkanaththegedara ◽  
Paola Vásconez Duchicela ◽  
Yadira Vargas Tierras ◽  
Maritza Sánchez Capa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Small Scale

Biodiversity is vital for the stability of the planet; its ecosystem services provide essential elements for our survival and well-being. This review analyzes the national biodiversity policies and describes the main strategies for biodiversity conservation in Ecuador, one of the “mega-diverse” countries in the world with the highest species density. It deepens an analysis of in-situ and ex-situ conservation processes. Ecuador has six clear policies for biodiversity conservation. These policies strengthen biodiversity conservation through mechanisms that improve the well-being of wildlife by ensuring human, wildlife and ecosystem health. It promotes actions for the welfare of wildlife, through technical, administrative and legal tools. The National System of Protected Areas, with 60 protected areas, is the most effective in-situ conservation instrument at the country level. Several ex-situ conservation and management means for the conservation of wild species are being utilized, including nurseries, botanical gardens, zoos, germplasm banks, aquariums, species reproduction and rehabilitation centers. Ecuador is making slow progress on ex-situ conservation despite the availability of a sound policy framework, possibly due to financial, infrastructural, and/or technological challenges, and knowledge gaps. We propose fostering international research collaborations and establishing fully funded small-scale captive breeding programs at zoos, aquariums and university research facilities to help recovery of at-risk species of reptiles, amphibians, fish and species beyond Galapagos region. We recommend utilizing citizen science programs to fill the gaps of biodiversity information and increasing efforts to revive the ex-situ conservation strategies in protecting the unique biodiversity of Ecuador.

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