endangered medicinal herb
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

71
(FIVE YEARS 16)

H-INDEX

13
(FIVE YEARS 1)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Suyal ◽  
Arun K. Jugran ◽  
Indra D. Bhatt ◽  
Ranbeer S. Rawal

Abstract Polygonatum cirrhifolium is an important medicinal herb of family Asparagaceae used to cure several ailments. Its rhizome forms an important ingredient of “Chyavanprash” which is identified for its rejuvenating properties. However, P.cirrhifolium is least explored scientifically and systematically till date. Therefore, in this study genetic diversity and phytochemical variations along with antimutagenic activity of P.cirrhifolium populations was evaluated. Antimutagenic activity varied remarkably (p<0.05) having Gagar population with significantly (p<0.05) higher DNA recovery (84.95%) percentage. Higher genetic diversity (He) was recorded among populations using RAPD (He, 0.30-0.36) and ISSR (0.25-0.38) markers. High intra and low inter population variations were recorded in the species using both kinds of markers. Phenolics (p<0.05; r=0.924); tannins (p<0.05; r=0.897) and DNA damage inhibition efficiency displayed a highly positive correlation with genetic diversity (estimated using ISSR markers). The population structure analysis of P. cirrhifolium revealed that the greatest value of the K was 3 for studied populations. Gene flow among studied populations was found sufficient to encounter genetic erosion in the species. Therefore, it can be recommended that the populations with higher ingredient and genetic diversity can be utilized for conservation priority and management plan of this species.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Anjali Uniyal ◽  
Akhilesh Kumar ◽  
Sweta Upadhyay ◽  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Gupta

The Rheum species are important medicinal plants that are facing extinction due to their unplanned development and overexploitation by pharmaceutical industries. DNA polymorphisms are not prone to environmental modifications, thus they are widely used for the identification and characterization of plants. The use of different molecular markers has enabled the researchers for the valuation of genetic variability and diversity in its natural zone of distribution. The conventional approach may take several years to yield this information. For the estimation of molecular and genetic variations in geographical zone of distribution, various molecular markers technique are available like RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA), RFLP (Restriction fragment length polymorphism), ISSR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats), SSR and AFLP. The uses of different molecular markers for the study of genetic diversity have been discussed in the review.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4874
Author(s):  
Samina Rubnawaz ◽  
Nosheen Akhtar ◽  
Rashid Mahmood ◽  
Asif Khan ◽  
Mohammad K. Okla ◽  
...  

Ajuga bracteosa Wall. ex Benth. is an endangered medicinal herb traditionally used against different ailments. The present study aimed to create new insight into the fundamental mechanisms of genetic transformation and the biological activities of this plant. We transformed the A. bracteosa plant with rol genes of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and raised the regenerants from the hairy roots. These transgenic regenerants were screened for in vitro antioxidant activities, a range of in vivo assays, elemental analysis, polyphenol content, and different phytochemicals found through HPLC. Among 18 polyphenolic standards, kaempferol was most abundant in all transgenic lines. Furthermore, transgenic line 3 (ABRL3) showed maximum phenolics and flavonoids content among all tested plant extracts. ABRL3 also demonstrated the highest total antioxidant capacity (8.16 ± 1 μg AAE/mg), total reducing power, (6.60 ± 1.17 μg AAE/mg), DPPH activity (IC50 = 59.5 ± 0.8 μg/mL), hydroxyl ion scavenging (IC50 = 122.5 ± 0.90 μg/mL), and iron-chelating power (IC50 = 154.8 ± 2 μg/mL). Moreover, transformed plant extracts produced significant analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antidepressant activities in BALB/c mice models. In conclusion, transgenic regenerants of A. bracteosa pose better antioxidant and pharmacological properties under the effect of rol genes as compared to wild-type plants.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanvi Sharma ◽  
Nitesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Prakash Kumar ◽  
Ganesh Panzade ◽  
Tanuja Rana ◽  
...  

AbstractPicrorhiza kurrooa is an endangered medicinal herb which is distributed across the Himalayan region at an altitude between 3000–5000 m above mean sea level. The medicinal properties of P. kurrooa are attributed to monoterpenoid picrosides present in leaf, rhizome and root of the plant. However, no genomic information is currently available for P. kurrooa, which limits our understanding about its molecular systems and associated responses. The present study brings the first assembled draft genome of P. kurrooa by using 227 Gb of raw data generated by Illumina and PacBio RS II sequencing platforms. The assembled genome has a size of n = ~ 1.7 Gb with 12,924 scaffolds. Four pronged assembly quality validations studies, including experimentally reported ESTs mapping and directed sequencing of the assembled contigs, confirmed high reliability of the assembly. About 76% of the genome is covered by complex repeats alone. Annotation revealed 24,798 protein coding and 9789 non-coding genes. Using the assembled genome, a total of 710 miRNAs were discovered, many of which were found responsible for molecular response against temperature changes. The miRNAs and targets were validated experimentally. The availability of draft genome sequence will aid in genetic improvement and conservation of P. kurrooa. Also, this study provided an efficient approach for assembling complex genomes while dealing with repeats when regular assemblers failed to progress due to repeats.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samina Rubnawaz ◽  
Waqas Khan Kayani ◽  
Nosheen Akhtar ◽  
Rashid Mahmood ◽  
Furrukh Mehmood ◽  
...  

Abstract Ajuga bracteosa Wall. ex Benth is an endangered medicinal herb used against different ailments in folklore medicines. Here, we aimed to create a new insight to the fundamental mechanisms of genetic transformation in the ethnomedicinal usage of this plant. We transformed the plant with rol genes of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and raised the regenerants from the hairy roots. The transgenic regenerants were screened for in vitro antioxidant activities, a range of in vivo assays, and linked the activities with elemental analysis, polyphenol content and different phytochemicals found through HPLC. Among 18 polyphenolic standards, kaempferol was found most abundant in all transgenic lines (up to 101.26 ± 6 µg/mg). Furthermore, among all tested plant extracts, transgenic line 3 (ABRL3) showed maximum phenolics (13.39 ± 2µg GAE/mg) and flavonoids content (4.75 ± 0.16 µg QE/mg). ABRL3 also demonstrated potent total antioxidant capacity (8.16 ± 1 µg AAE/mg), total reducing power, (6.60 ± 1.17 µg AAE/mg), DPPH activity (IC50 = 59.5 ± 0.8µg/mL), hydroxyl ion scavenging (IC50 = 122.5 ± 0.90 µg/mL), and iron chelating power (IC50 = 154.8 ± 2 µg/mL) among all plants. Transformed plant extracts also produced significant analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antidepressant properties in in vivo mice model as compared to control untransformed plant material. Additionally, no abnormal behavior or lethality was observed in any animal tested. In conclusion, transgenic regenerants of A. bracteosa pose better pharmacological properties under the effect of rol genes as compared to wild type plants.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deep Mala ◽  
Supriya Awasthi ◽  
Nitesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Mohit Kumar Swarnkar ◽  
Ravi Shankar ◽  
...  

AbstractRheum australe is an endangered medicinal herb of high altitude alpine region of Himalayas and is known to possess anti-cancerous properties. Unlike many herbs of the region, R. australe has broad leaves. The species thrives well under the environmental extremes in its niche habitat, therefore an understanding of transcriptome of R. australe to environmental cues was of significance. Since, temperature is one of the major environmental variables in the niche of R. australe, transcriptome was studied in the species growing in natural habitat and those grown in growth chambers maintained at 4 °C and 25 °C to understand genes associated with different temperatures. A total of 39,136 primarily assembled transcripts were obtained from 10,17,74,336 clean read, and 21,303 unigenes could match to public databases. An analysis of transcriptome by fragments per kilobase of transcript per million, followed by validation through qRT-PCR showed 22.4% up- and 22.5% down-regulated common differentially expressed genes in the species growing under natural habitat and at 4 °C as compared to those at 25 °C. These genes largely belonged to signaling pathway, transporters, secondary metabolites, phytohormones, and those associated with cellular protection, suggesting their importance in imparting adaptive advantage to R. australe in its niche.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document