Effects of vitamin D on parathyroid hormone and clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis: a narrative review

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Russo ◽  
Marinella Ruospo ◽  
Mario Cozzolino ◽  
Luca De Nicola ◽  
Andrea Icardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Narrative Review

scholarly journals Associations between Serum-Intact Parathyroid Hormone, Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D. Oral Vitamin D Analogs and Metabolic Syndrome in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Dong ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Meng-Hua Chen ◽  
Hui-Ping Zhao ◽  
Tong-Ying Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Intact Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin D Analogs ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Introduction Although previous studies have suggested associations between serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the general population, these associations are still uncharacterized in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods In total, 837 prevalent PD patients from 5 centers in China were enrolled between April 1, 2011 and November 1, 2011. The demographic data, biochemical parameters and medical records were collected, except for serum 25(OH)D which was measured in 347 of 837 patients. The definition of MS was modified from National Cholesterol Education Program Third Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATPIII). Results 55.4% of 837 patients were found to have MS. The median concentration of iPTH, 25(OH)D and doses of oral vitamin D analogs for participants with MS was significantly lower than those without MS. The iPTH, 25(OH)D values and doses of vitamin D analogs were all associated with one or more components of MS. After multivariate adjustment, Low serum iPTH values and oral vitamin D analogs, rather than serum 25(OH)D, were significantly associated with the presence of MS, abnormal fasting blood glucose (FBG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Compared to iPTH < 130pg/mL, iPTH 130–585 pg/mL and > 585pg/mL were associated with a lower risk of MS with adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.59 and 0.33, respectively. Taking vitamin D analogs was also associated with a lower risk of MS with adjusted OR of 0.55. Conclusions Serum iPTH and the use of active vitamin D supplements rather than serum 25(OH)D were independently associated with the presence of MS in patients on PD.

scholarly journals Effects of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation on stroke among patients receiving peritoneal dialysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan You ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jianna Zhang ◽  
Qiongxiu Zhou ◽  
Yanling Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background : Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients have a high incidence of stroke and commonly have increased parathyroid hormone levels and vitamin D insufficiency. We seek to investigate the incidence of stroke and the role of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation in stroke risk among CAPD patients. Methods: This study employed a retrospective design. We enrolled a Chinese cohort of 980 CAPD patients who were routinely followed in our department. The demographic and clinical data were recorded at the time of initial CAPD and during follow-up. The included patients were separated into non-stroke and stroke groups. The effects of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation on stroke in CAPD patients was evaluated. The primary endpoint is defined as the first occurrence of stroke, and composite endpoint events are defined as death or switch to hemodialysis during follow-up. Results: A total of 757 eligible CAPD patients with a mean follow-up time of 54.7 (standard deviation, 33) months were included in the study. The median incidence of stroke among our CAPD patients was 18.9 (interquartile range, 15.7 - 22.1) per 1000 person-years. A significant nonlinear correlation between baseline iPTH and hazard of stroke (p-value of linear association = 0.2 and nonlinear association = 0.002) was observed in our univariate Cox regression analysis, and low baseline iPTH levels (≤150 pg/ml) were associated with an increased cumulative hazard of stroke. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated a significant interaction effect between age and iPTH after adjusting for other confounders. Vitamin D supplementation during follow-up was a predictive factor for stroke in our cohort. Conclusions: CAPD patients suffered a high risk of stroke, and lower iPTH levels were significantly correlated with an increased risk of stroke. Nevertheless, vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of stroke in these patients.

scholarly journals Role of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation in stroke among patients on peritoneal dialysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan You ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jianna Zhang ◽  
Qiongxiu Zhou ◽  
Yanling Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Predictive Factor ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Background Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients have a high incidence of stroke and commonly have increased parathyroid hormone levels and vitamin D insufficiency. We seek to investigate the incidence of stroke and the role of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation in stroke risk among CAPD patients.Methods This is a retrospective study enrolled a Chinese cohort of 980 CAPD patients who were routinely followed up in our department. The demographic and clinical data recorded at the time of initial CAPD and during follow-up time are collected. The included cases were separated into nonstroke and stroke groups. The role of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation for stroke in CAPD patients is evaluated. The primary endpoint is defined as the first-time occurrence of stroke, and composite endpoint events are defined as death or switch to hemodialysis during follow-up.Results A total of 757 eligible CAPD patients with a mean follow-up time of 54.7 (standard deviation (SD) 33) months were included in the study. The median incidence of stroke among our CAPD patients was 18.9 (IQR, 15.7 - 22.1) per 1000 person-years. A significant nonlinear correlation between baseline iPTH and hazard of stroke (p value of linear association = 0.2 and nonlinear association = 0.002) was observed in our univariate Cox regression analysis, and low baseline iPTH levels (≤150 pg/ml) were associated with an increased cumulative hazard of stroke. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated a significant interaction effect between age and iPTH after adjusting for other confounders. Vitamin D supplementation during follow-up was a predictive factor for stroke in our cohort.Conclusions CAPD patients suffered a high risk of stroke. Lower iPTH levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of stroke. Vitamin D supplementation is an independent predictive factor for stroke among CAPD patients.

scholarly journals Vitamin D during pregnancy: why observational studies suggest deficiency and interventional studies show no improvement in clinical outcomes? A narrative review

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1265-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Karras ◽  
P. Anagnostis ◽  
D. Naughton ◽  
C. Annweiler ◽  
A. Petroczi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Narrative Review

Clinical evaluation of two parathyroid hormone assays in the context of vitamin D supply in chronic kidney disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (51) ◽  
pp. 2025-2036
Author(s):  
László Kovács ◽  
Éva Virágh ◽  
Dóra Balogh ◽  
Bernadette Kálmán ◽  
Zoltán Lőcsei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Intact Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Parathyroid hormone levels provide important information in chronic renal failure. Aim: To compare parathyroid hormone levels measured by two assays in correlation with vitamin D supply. Method: Parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxi-vitamin-D were determined in 104 patients (31 patients with chronic renal failure without renal replacement therapy, 36 patients treated with peritoneal dialysis and 37 patients treated with hemodialysis). Results: Good correlation was found between results of the two parathyroid hormone methods, but the intact parathyroid hormone levels were higher than the biointact values. 87% and 13% of the patients had vitamin-D deficiency and insufficiency, respectively. The frequency of serious vitamin-D deficiency was higher in the peritoneal dialysis than in the hemodialysis group. Intact parathyroid hormone levels were different in dialysed patients having vitamin-D-deficiency and insufficiency, and the difference was higher for the biointact than intact values. Negative correlation was detected between biointact parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxivitamin-D in the hemodialysis group. Conclusions: Biointact parathyroid hormone levels better reflect the vitamin D supply and bone metabolism than intact levels, especially in hemodialysed patients. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154(51), 2025–2036.

Serum Magnesium Concentration is An Independent Predictor of Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan F. Navarro ◽  
Carmen Mora ◽  
Manuel Macia ◽  
Javier Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Parathyroid Gland ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Adynamic Bone Disease ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gland Function ◽  
Adynamic Bone

Background Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a cardinal factor in the pathogenesis of bone disease in the dialysis population. The spectrum of renal osteodystrophy has been reported to have changed during the past years, and adynamic bone disease has emerged as the most common bone disorder in these patients. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is considered a risk factor for the development of this condition, and furthermore, the adynamic bone lesion is associated with a state of relative hypoparathyroidism (hypo-PTH). Calcium, vitamin D, and phosphorus play a key role in the control of parathyroid gland function in uremic patients. However, magnesium may also be able to modulate PTH secretion in a way similar to calcium. Objective The aims of this study were (1) to analyze the serum Mg concentration in a large group of CAPD patients, (2) to study the relationship between serum Mg and PTH levels, and (3) to investigate whether this relationship is independent of other factors, such as calcium, phosphorus, and calcitriol, that regulate parathyroid function. Patients and Methods We studied 51 stable patients, aged 23 – 77 years, under maintenance CAPD for more than 6 months (range 8 – 48 months). Calcium carbonate was used as a phosphate binder in all patients, and 9 subjects also received aluminum hydroxide. No patient had been previously treated with vitamin D. Biochemical parameters were prospectively evaluated over 6 months, and the mean values were computed. Results The mean serum Mg was 1.08 ± 0.19 mmol/L, and hypermagnesemia, defined as a Mg level higher than 1.01 mmol/L, was found in 30 patients (59%). Thirty-one subjects (60%) had an intact PTH (iPTH) level lower than 120 pg/mL and were diagnosed as having relative hypo-PTH. Except for the values of iPTH and alkaline phosphatase, the only difference between the two groups was the serum Mg concentration, which was significantly higher in patients with hypo-PTH (1.16 ± 0.15 mmol/L vs 0.91 ± 0.14 mmol/L; p < 0.001). Furthermore, iPTH levels were lower in patients with hypermagnesemia than in subjects with normal serum Mg (69 ± 49 pg/mL vs 190 ± 89 pg/mL, p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between serum Mg and PTH levels ( r = –0.70, p < 0.01). After controlling for the effect of other variables by partial correlation analysis, a significant positive association between P and PTH ( r = 0.25, p < 0.05), and a negative relationship between Mg and PTH ( r = –0.57, p < 0.001) were evident. A forward stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that only P and Mg predicted PTH values (multiple r = 0.59, p < 0.001). Conclusions Hypermagnesemia and hypoparathyroidism are frequent in CAPD patients. There is a significant inverse relationship between serum Mg concentration and iPTH levels. Furthermore, this association is independent of the most important factors regulating parathyroid gland function (calcium, phosphorus, and calcitriol). These results suggest that hypermagnesemia may have a suppressive effect on PTH synthesis and/or secretion. Therefore, elevated serum Mg levels may play a role in the pathogenesis of adynamic bone disease.

scholarly journals Effects of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation on stroke among patients receiving peritoneal dialysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan You ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jianna Zhang ◽  
Qiongxiu Zhou ◽  
Yanling Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients have a high incidence of stroke and commonly have increased parathyroid hormone levels and vitamin D insufficiency. We seek to investigate the incidence of stroke and the role of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation in stroke risk among CAPD patients.Methods: This study employed a retrospective design. We enrolled a Chinese cohort of 980 CAPD patients who were routinely followed in our department. The demographic and clinical data were recorded at the time of initial CAPD and during follow-up. The included patients were separated into non-stroke and stroke groups. The effects of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation on stroke in CAPD patients was evaluated. The primary endpoint is defined as the first occurrence of stroke, and composite endpoint events are defined as death or switch to hemodialysis during follow-up.Results: A total of 757 eligible CAPD patients with a mean follow-up time of 54.7 (standard deviation, 33) months were included in the study. The median incidence of stroke among our CAPD patients was 18.9 (interquartile range, 15.7 - 22.1) per 1000 person-years. A significant nonlinear correlation between baseline iPTH and hazard of stroke (p-value of linear association = 0.2 and nonlinear association = 0.002) was observed in our univariate Cox regression analysis, and low baseline iPTH levels (≤150 pg/ml) were associated with an increased cumulative hazard of stroke. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated a significant interaction effect between age and iPTH after adjusting for other confounders. Vitamin D supplementation during follow-up was a predictive factor for stroke in our cohort.Conclusions: CAPD patients suffered a high risk of stroke, and lower iPTH levels were significantly correlated with an increased risk of stroke. Nevertheless, vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of stroke in these patients.

Effects of Oral Paricalcitol and Calcitriol Treatment on Peritoneal Membrane Characteristics of Peritoneal Dialysis Patients — A Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karima Farhat ◽  
Andrea W.D. Stavenuiter ◽  
Marc G. Vervloet ◽  
Pieter M. ter Wee ◽  
Robert H.J. Beelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Active Vitamin ◽  
Active Vitamin D ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Peritoneal Transport

BackgroundLong-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) is frequently complicated by technique failure preceded by peritoneal remodeling. Vitamin D has potent immunomodulatory characteristics: anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, anti-fibrotic properties, and influences on the macrophage phenotype. Little is known about the relation between pleiotropic effects attributed to vitamin D3and the peritoneal membrane and what is the most appropriate vitamin D sterol in prevention of peritoneal remodeling in PD patients. Animal studies have suggested that paricalcitol has advantageous effects: decrease in plasma markers of inflammation, less peritoneal fibrosis, less pronounced PD-induced omental angiogenesis, and prevention of loss of ultrafiltration. We investigated whether paricalcitol is advantageous over calcitriol in PD patients.MethodA multicenter open-label 1:1 randomized non-blinded clinical pilot study enrolled prevalent continous ambulatory PD (CAPD) patients for a period of 6 months comparing paricalcitol with calcitriol. All patients were treated with biocompatible PD fluids. The primary endpoint was peritoneal transport parameters, exploratory endpoints were biomarkers of peritoneal damage and cell analysis (including M1/M2 macrophages), and safety endpoints were metabolic parameters.ResultsTwenty-seven patients were included. Fourteen were randomized to treatment with paricalcitol. There was no difference in peritoneal transport parameters between the groups. We found similar Kt/V, D/P creatinine, D/D0 glucose, ultrafiltration, residual renal function and 24-h urine volume during the study. There was no difference in biomarker concentrations in peritoneal effluents, and no difference in leucocyte differentiation or mesothelial cells between the groups at any time point. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels decreased after administration of calcitriol after 12 and 24 weeks compared with baseline ( p = 0.001; p = 0.025). Parathyroid hormone levels in the paricalcitol group did not change significantly.ConclusionIn this pilot study we investigated the effect of active vitamin D in PD patients. We found no specific benefit of active vitamin D3in vitamin D3-sufficient PD patients. Additional studies in preferably incident patients, with an adequate PTH suppression in the intervention groups and during a longer period, are required to test the beneficial effects of active vitamin D3over no treatment and to investigate whether in 25(OH)D3-deficient PD patients the type of active vitamin D3matters.

scholarly journals Effects of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation on stroke among patients receiving peritoneal dialysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan You ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jianna Zhang ◽  
Qiongxiu Zhou ◽  
Yanling Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients have a high incidence of stroke and commonly have increased parathyroid hormone levels and vitamin D insufficiency. We seek to investigate the incidence of stroke and the role of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation in stroke risk among CAPD patients.Methods: This study employed a retrospective design. We enrolled a Chinese cohort of 980 CAPD patients who were routinely followed in our department. The demographic and clinical data were recorded at the time of initial CAPD and during follow-up. The included patients were separated into non-stroke and stroke groups. The effects of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D supplementation on stroke in CAPD patients was evaluated. The primary endpoint is defined as the first occurrence of stroke, and composite endpoint events are defined as death or switch to hemodialysis during follow-up.Results: A total of 757 eligible CAPD patients with a mean follow-up time of 54.7 (standard deviation, 33) months were included in the study. The median incidence of stroke among our CAPD patients was 18.9 (interquartile range, 15.7 - 22.1) per 1000 person-years. A significant nonlinear correlation between baseline iPTH and hazard of stroke (p-value of linear association = 0.2 and nonlinear association = 0.002) was observed in our univariate Cox regression analysis, and low baseline iPTH levels (≤150 pg/ml) were associated with an increased cumulative hazard of stroke. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated a significant interaction effect between age and iPTH after adjusting for other confounders. Vitamin D supplementation during follow-up was a predictive factor for stroke in our cohort. Conclusions: CAPD patients suffered a high risk of stroke, and lower iPTH levels were significantly correlated with an increased risk of stroke. Nevertheless, vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of stroke in these patients.

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