A Relevance-Theoretic Approach to Decision-Making in Subtitling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Bolaños-García-Escribano
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Theoretic Approach

Virtual Enterprise Coalition Strategy with Game Theoretic Multiagent Paradigm

2011 ◽  
pp. 263-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiya Kaihara ◽  
Susumu Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Virtual Enterprise ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Manufacturing Organizations ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Game Theoretic Approach

Nowadays, virtual enterprise (VE) is a crucial paradigm of business management in an agile environment. VE exists in both service and manufacturing organizations, although the complexity of each enterprise in a VE may vary greatly from industry to industry. Obviously, there is a need for a mechanism through which these different functions can be integrated together transparently. In this contribution, we focus on the negotiation process in VE formulation as a basic research to clarify its effective management in terms of partner search. Each enterprise in VE is defined as an agent with multiutilities, and a framework of multiagent programming with game theoretic approach is newly proposed as a negotiation algorithm among the agents. Each unit is defined as an agent in our VE model, and their decision making is formulated as a game theoretic methodology. We develop a computer simulation model to form VEs through multiple negotiations among several potential members in the negotiation domain, and finally clarify the formulation dynamism with the negotiation process.

scholarly journals Regulator Loss Functions and Hierarchical Modeling for Safety Decision Making

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 512-522
Author(s):  
Laura A. Hatfield ◽  
Christine M. Baugh ◽  
Vanessa Azzone ◽  
Sharon-Lise T. Normand
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Hierarchical Modeling ◽  
Loss Functions ◽  
Safety Signal ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Bayes Risk ◽  
Decision Theoretic Approach ◽  
Safety Signals

Background. Regulators must act to protect the public when evidence indicates safety problems with medical devices. This requires complex tradeoffs among risks and benefits, which conventional safety surveillance methods do not incorporate. Objective. To combine explicit regulator loss functions with statistical evidence on medical device safety signals to improve decision making. Methods. In the Hospital Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample, we select pediatric inpatient admissions and identify adverse medical device events (AMDEs). We fit hierarchical Bayesian models to the annual hospital-level AMDE rates, accounting for patient and hospital characteristics. These models produce expected AMDE rates (a safety target), against which we compare the observed rates in a test year to compute a safety signal. We specify a set of loss functions that quantify the costs and benefits of each action as a function of the safety signal. We integrate the loss functions over the posterior distribution of the safety signal to obtain the posterior (Bayes) risk; the preferred action has the smallest Bayes risk. Using simulation and an analysis of AMDE data, we compare our minimum-risk decisions to a conventional Z score approach for classifying safety signals. Results. The 2 rules produced different actions for nearly half of hospitals (45%). In the simulation, decisions that minimize Bayes risk outperform Z score–based decisions, even when the loss functions or hierarchical models are misspecified. Limitations. Our method is sensitive to the choice of loss functions; eliciting quantitative inputs to the loss functions from regulators is challenging. Conclusions. A decision-theoretic approach to acting on safety signals is potentially promising but requires careful specification of loss functions in consultation with subject matter experts.

scholarly journals A Rewriting Theoretic Approach to Ken Liu’s Translation of Folding Beijing

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Chen Yingxuan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Chinese Science ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
Contemporary Science

Given Folding Beijing’s great importance to Chinese science fictions after winning the 2016 Hugo Award for Best Novelette and Ken Liu’s active engagement in promoting modern Chinese literary works to go global, this paper endeavors to explain how the influences of ideology, poetics and patronage are displayed in Folding Beijing’s English translation from the perspective of Lefevere’s Rewriting Theory. Instead of focusing on the linguistic elements of the translation, the current study attempts to reveal the cultural, social, ideological, and poetical effects on the translator’s decision-making process and tries to explore the reasons for the novelette’s success. It is believed that this paper can, to a certain extent, not only provide beneficial guidance for future practitioners in this translation field, but also offer some reference for the study of translation of Chinese contemporary science fictions.

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