Biblical Etymology of Relatives: Origin of Language

Regarding origin of language, Genesis claims that ancient languages were divinely diversified. This testimony presents systematic evidence for biblical etymology related to relatives, solving word riddles on all relatives. Family is flame of altar, and relative is related to altar, because early relatives were worshipers around altar. Patriotism is parental worship, patriot is to cut in pair at altar, aunt is to count, offspring is off spring, descendant is related to census, blessing is related to sibling as brother, sister is to assist, woman is own, female is self in flesh, to marry is to Mary, to marry is to arrive, bride is related to tribe, Child is under cloud in addition to Infant’s finance, nephew has new place or no female, and girl and ugly are not to offer with hand in unclean period. 息 breath has rest息. 休 rest has tree木. Testimony has stone of ten commandments in tent . This major discovery in civilization on multilingual mutual match to biblical etymology addresses fundamental semantic structure of words in relatives. This provides revolutionary method of learning vocabulary by bilingual mutual match to biblical etymology

Analysis of Political Metaphors in Donald J. Trump’s State of the Union Address in 2020

On the basis of Conceptual Metaphor Theory proposed by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, this paper conducts a cognitive analysis of conceptual metaphors in Donald J. Trump’s State of the Union Address in 2020, aiming to explain the metaphors in the State of the Union Address, reveal the political intentions hidden behind the metaphors, and construe the relationship between politics and metaphor. It is found that the metaphors in this State of the Union Address are: CONFLICT metaphors, BUILDING metaphor, JOURNEY metaphors, ORIENTATIONAL metaphors, and PLANT metaphors. Through the analysis, this paper concludes that conceptual metaphor has the function of persuading the masses and shaping the image of politicians. At the same time, this paper also finds that politics restricts the choice and application of metaphor.

The Interpretation of Chinese Youth’s Values Orientation in Post Epidemic Era Based on Buzzwords in Prototype Category Theory

The buzzwords born in the post-2020 epidemic era reflect the changes in the values of Chinese youths. However, little empirical research has been conducted to understand why people use buzzwords and changes of values of Chinese youths. Adopting the uses and gratifications theory and prototype category theory by means of regression analysis was employed to analyze the data collected from 112 undergraduate and graduate students in China Three Gorgeous University. The results reveal that socializing needs were the strongest motivation in predicting the usage intention of buzzwords. Applying the method of continuous comparison to analyze the data, the study found that the political, international, social, and moral views of Chinese youths have possessed more inclusive international value and more integrated social value in the post-epidemic era. This study has certain enlightenment to the value orientation of contemporary college students.

Analysis of the Thematic Progression Patterns in English News Discourse

The theory of theme and rheme and the patterns of thematic progression are not only two important parts of the systemic functional grammar but also an important means of discourse analysis. With thematic structure theory and patterns of thematic progression as the theoretical support, this research makes a combination of theoretical research and discourse analysis. This paper aims to find out the application and characteristics of the theme and rheme structure in English news discourse. After choosing the data from BBC (website:https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-51403795) reporting on 7th February 2020 with the title of Li Wenliang: Coronavirus Kills Chinese Whistleblower Doctor and giving a detailed analysis by empirical study. Through the analysis of the relationship between theme and rheme in the full text, we find that this text does not only apply a certain thematic progression pattern, but also applies more than one thematic progression pattern. Therefore, we come to the conclusion that thematic progression does exist in this news discourse and shows obvious characteristics and distribution. And also, parallel pattern and continuation pattern are frequently presented in this news discourse.

On the Role Played by Project-Based Learning in Teacher Training Online

This work investigates the perceptions on the role played by Project-Based Learning (PBL) in English as a second language (L2 English) participants who are receiving teacher training online. The participants in this study were enrolled in the Psycholinguistic Analysis of English Acquisition module at xxx-removed for blind review. They were given the choice of two projects: (a) an L2 English learner linguistic profile and (b) a grammatical structure analysis and its L2 English teaching application. The participants’ opinions about PBL were then collected in a questionnaire that included the following variables: motivation and attitude towards L2 English learning before and after the project, perception of the development of English language proficiency skills, content acquisition, and other issues related to PBL such as L2 learning reflection; and, autonomy and real language use. They reported having learned by doing and, as a consequence, believed that they had learned autonomously because they were responsible for their own learning. Likewise, they claimed PBL facilitated critical thinking, creativity, language awareness, and professional development through the project completion. They also showed a positive attitude towards the integration of the four language skills and the building of content knowledge by gathering and planning information using authentic resources.

Place of Pragmatics in EFL Classroom

The main aim of this article is to discuss the place of Pragmatics in EFL classroom. Pragmatics is one of the branches of linguistics which is concerned with the study of meaning as com-municated by a speaker and interpreted by a listener. Pragmatics has fairly recently become the focuses of attention in language studies. On the other hand, it is important to remember that in recent years, pragmatics components have been used in language teaching contexts, syllabus design, by language teachers over the world. Many research works have been done by many language researchers in different aspects of pragmatics competence. Language teacher uses pragmatic as a functional approach in his/her language classroom. However, pragmatic follow the general principles for men when they communicate with others. Prag-matics study sentences not in isolation but with reference to the context of a situation and it is defined as the interaction between a sequence of language and the real-world situation in which it is used.

Inter-Language Translation from Chinese to Indonesian: Strategies and Adjustments

Translation usually involves two languages, the source language, and the target language. However, there is a certain situation that compels the use of an intermediary language for translating a source language (SL) text into a target language (TL) text. For example, when the source language texts (such as texts in Chinese) are not easily available in the target language country (such as Indonesia). This paper analyzed the strategies and adjustments made by the translators in doing inter-language translation or translation through an intermediary language, from Chinese to English to Indonesian. The purpose of this research is to compare two versions of translation, the first being the Indonesian translation from English as an intermediary language (IT) and the second is the Indonesian translation directly from Chinese (DT). Research revealed that IT used loss strategy while DT used gain strategy in the form of syntactic and semantic adjustments because there are many culture-specific items of the source language text that are unknown to either English or Indonesian. The findings imply that the translators should have enough skill and knowledge to enable them to accurately communicate the message of the source text to the target text audience.

Effects of Using Online Approach on Speaking Skills Among Malaysian University Students

The role of the university has gone far from just producing students with excellent academic achievements to producing students with tremendous communication skills such as speaking in English to enable them to compete in the global market. However, many university students in Malaysia are still struggling to acquire the English language comprehensively that matches the employers’ expectations. Hence, the importance of spoken English should be emphasized more by creating more interesting platforms and using online approaches such as vlogs to enable the students to use the language more profoundly. Thus, a pilot study was conducted to identify the effect of the vlog approach on the speaking skills of 50 students from a Malaysian Technical University. This study employed a quantitative method. A survey was conducted using a self-developed questionnaire which was distributed through Google Form. The questionnaire comprised 3 sections: student demography, speaking ability, and vlog effects. The data were analyzed using the mean score, standard deviation, Linear regression, and ANOVA. The results revealed that the use of online vlog activities had significantly helped the respondents to improve their speaking skills. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the use of vlog activities among the male and female respondents with regard to improving speaking skills in English. Therefore, it was concluded that using online vlog activities was a useful platform to practice and improve speaking skills in English among university students and more of these types of online approaches could be employed to help the university students to enhance confidence to speak in English.

Listening Anxiety Experienced by English Language Learners: A Comparison between Iranian and Turkish Teacher Candidates

This study focuses on the listening anxiety experienced by teacher candidates (TCs) in Iran and Turkey. Using different data collection methods, including two questionnaires, listening test, and semi-structured interviews, this study tried to investigate the factors behind Foreign Language Listening Anxiety (FLLA) among Iranian teacher candidates (TCs). The participants of the study in Iran context were 29 teacher candidates studying at BA level in English Language Teaching. All of the participants were asked to complete these two questionnaires with the background information regarding their age, gender, years of language study. The participants’ answers to FLLAS and FLCAS were analyzed with spss to obtain frequencies and percentages. The results were compared to the same study by Bekleyen. The findings revealed that Iranian TCs experienced a high level of FLLA compared to Turkish TCs and showed a significant positive correlation between FLLA and FLCA, which means that teacher candidates with higher levels of language anxiety tended to have higher levels of listening anxiety. In addition, interview data suggested that Iranian and Turkish participants’ FLLA mostly originated from the same source: inadequacy of past education in listening skill. Furthermore, practice was the most frequent strategy used by participants in these two countries to overcome this kind of anxiety.

Racism and Social Segregation in Maya Angelo’s “Caged Bird”

The main thrust of this paper is to examine the issue of racial segregation in Maya Angelou’s “Caged Bird” via exploring the poem in relation to the circumstances that typify life and existence in the African American context. An attempt is made to situate this poem within the heat of racism, oppression, and class discrimination as well as the search for black identity. The paper relies on New Historicism as the scope of exploration owing to the chunk of influence that history and society bears on African American writing. Then literary critical analysis is made to verify the different aspects of racism and social segregation as represented in the poem.