scholarly journals Virulence of Icelandic Pyrenophora teres f. teres populations and resistance of Icelandic spring barley lines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fluturë Novakazi ◽  
Magnus Göransson ◽  
Tryggvi Sturla Stefánsson ◽  
Marjo Hokka ◽  
Marja Jalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Single Spore ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Principle Coordinate Analysis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

AbstractThe causal agent of the barley net blotch disease, Pyrenophora teres, is known for its high level of diversity due to sexual reproduction. Different pathotypes, defined by a virulence combination, even within the same fields are frequently found and virulence between locations can vary considerably. Evaluation of virulence patterns of a pathogen population is essential for breeding resistant cultivars suitable for specific locations. To identify virulence patterns in Icelandic Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ptt) isolates, twenty single spore isolates of Ptt were collected from seven locations in Iceland and analysed with AFLP markers. Principle Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed Icelandic Ptt isolates clustering away from reference isolates from Austria, Finland, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, and USA. Hierarchical clustering grouped the Icelandic isolates into three distinct groups. Furthermore, the virulence of these twenty isolates was tested on 16 barley differential lines and revealed high variation in their virulence. Twenty-one barley cultivars commonly used in Iceland showed high susceptibility towards inoculation with Icelandic Ptt isolates.

scholarly journals Study of the influence of barley varieties with different resistance to barley net blotch on the change in the structure of the hemibiotrophic pathogen population by morphological and cultural characteristics and virulence

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Galina Volkova ◽  
Yana Yakhnik ◽  
Alena Smirnova ◽  
Egor Klychnikov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Selection For ◽  
High Level ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

The study is devoted to the analysis of the correlation of morphological and cultural characteristics and virulence of Pyrenophora teres Drechs. isolates, and various resistance to the pathogen of barley varieties (Versal, Kubagro-1, Romance). The main morphological types of colonies of the fungus isolates obtained from the barley varieties with different resistance were determined. It was found that the higher degree of resistance of the variety, the faster growth rate of colonies, the intensity of sporulation and heterogeneity of the population on the basis of virulence increase. The most common races were detected in the populations of P. teres isolated from different varieties of barley. We found that the selection for the virulence of the pathogen population in Versal variety with a high level of non-specific resistance was carried out with a wider spectrum of diversity.

scholarly journals Responses of Barley Cultivars and Lines to Isolates of Pyrenophora teres

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Douiyssi ◽  
D. C. Rasmusson ◽  
A. P. Roelfs
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Pathogenic Variability ◽  
High Level

Net blotch, caused by Pyrenophora teres, is among the most damaging foliar diseases of barley worldwide. A knowledge of the reaction of local cultivars, putative resistant lines, and variability in the net blotch pathogen is necessary to develop a successful resistance breeding program. Disease responses of 38 barley lines to 15 P. teres isolates were studied at the seedling and adult plant stages in the glasshouse, and field responses to net blotch were evaluated at three Moroccan locations. No tested barley was resistant to all isolates, and resistance was apparently of the specific type. Pathogenic variability was great, as none of the 15 isolates were identical. For each isolate tested, a specific high level of resistance was found in one or more host lines. Seedling and adults plants often differed in response to the same isolate. Adult plant resistance was commonly observed in response to isolate I-1, and seedling resistance was more common to isolate I-14. Adult plant resistance of nine lines was undetected in seedling evaluations using isolate I-1. The seedling glasshouse and field responses of the barley lines varied considerably, limiting the value of seedling testing for resistance. Field reactions of resistant and moderately resistant were consistent across the three locations for the lines Heartland, Minn 7, CI 2333, and CI 2549. The variability observed in P. teres and failure to find lines with resistance to all isolates suggests that breeding for resistance should emphasize pyramiding of resistance genes.

scholarly journals Proteinaceous Metabolites from Pyrenophora teres Contribute to Symptom Development of Barley Net Blotch

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 907-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Sarpeleh ◽  
Hugh Wallwork ◽  
David E. A. Catcheside ◽  
Max E. Tate ◽  
Amanda J. Able
Keyword(s):  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Compounds ◽  
Necrotic Spots ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

Pyrenophora teres, the causal agent of net blotch of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), induces a combination of necrosis and extensive chlorosis in susceptible barley cultivars. Cell-free filtrates from both net and spot forms of P. teres; P. teres f. sp. teres, and P. teres f. sp. maculata were found to contain phytotoxic low molecular weight compounds (LMWCs) and proteinaceous metabolites which appear to be responsible for different components of the symptoms induced by the two forms of the pathogen in a susceptible cultivar of barley (cv. Sloop). Proteins induced only brown necrotic spots or lesions similar to those induced by the pathogens 72 h after inoculation. In contrast, LMWCs induced general chlorosis seen 240 h after inoculation but not the localized necrosis. Neither hydrolyzed or heat- or protease-treated proteinaceous metabolites induced the symptoms. This is the first report of the involvement of proteins produced by P. teres in symptom development during net blotch disease of barley.

scholarly journals Assessment of yield, plasticity and stability of spring barley cultivars grown in the European North of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
Olga Borisovna Batakova ◽  
Valentina Aleksandrovna Korelina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
European North ◽  
Local Selection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Level

In recent years, modern agroclimatic environmental conditions in the European North of the Russian Federation are determined by constant fluctuations of biotic and abiotic factors, which require a high level of plasticity and stability of crop yield and quantitative characteristics from cultivars used in agricultural production. Therefore, determining the plant response to changing environmental factors in order to select the most promising breeding seeds, is an important task for breeders. The research was conducted on experimental field of N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in the nursery of competitive variety testing in 20172019. Cultivars of spring barley of local selection were studied. Indicators of cultivar plasticity and stability were calculated by the method of S.A. Eberhart, W.A. Rassell (1966), the indicator of genetic flexibility by the method of R.A. Udachin (1990). Various weather conditions during the research period enabled to evaluate the breeding material comprehensively. The hydrothermal coefficient (according to G.T. Selyaninov) varied from 1.85 to 3.06 during the research years. Ten cultivar samples of spring barley were analyzed to identify a plastic stable genotype. As a result, a high level of stability was shown by samples k-037712 (Ϭ2 = 0.01), k-038404 (Ϭ2 = 0.02). Samples with a neutral genotype were identified: k-039257, k-036982 (bi 1) and a sample weakly responding to environmental changes k-038806 (bi = 0.23). The bi value is very close to 1 in Kotlassky cultivar, which shows a high ecological plasticity. Sample k-038806 has the lowest coefficient of linear regression (0.23), therefore, it is suitable for cultivation on unfertilized soils. The selected genetic sources will be used in breeding to develop highly productive cultivars of spring barley for the conditions of the European North of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Resistance of Spring Barley Varieties to Powdery Mildew in theCzechRepublicin 1971–2000

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl ◽  
P. Pařízek
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Major Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Score

Resistance to powdery mildew of 127 spring barley varieties was evaluated in 702 official variety trials, using scores from 1 to 9. Trials with sufficient disease severity were only analysed. Varieties possessing the resistance genes Mla7 (Elgina), Ml(Kr) (BR-1519), Mla13 (Koral) and mlo (Forum) were among the most resistant ones. The varieties Diamant, HE-3527, HE-3631, II/61-FUDII and Zefir showed high susceptibility. Fifteen varieties, carrying the genes Mla1, Mla3, Mla6, Mla9, Mla13, Ml(Kr) and Ml(Sc), were in the first years of testing highly resistant, but became susceptible later. The score of the most resistant variety ranged each year from 8.05 to 9.00, only in 1987–1991 it was lower. Since the pathogen population rapidly adapted to most resistance genes in the mid eighties, no resistant variety was found in 1987–1989. From 1986 to 1995 on average only 6.6% of the tested varieties were resistant, but there was no variety with resistance score above 8.50. High resistance was typical for varieties possessing an effective major resistance gene. Since the resistance of such varieties was not durable, we recommend breeding of varieties with at least two fully effective resistance genes, using molecular markers.  

scholarly journals Profile of the in vitro secretome of the barley net blotch fungus, Pyrenophora teres f. teres

2020 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 101451 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jordi Muria-Gonzalez ◽  
Katherine G. Zulak ◽  
Eef Allegaert ◽  
Richard P. Oliver ◽  
Simon R. Ellwood
Keyword(s):  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

NORBERT BARLEY

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1007
Author(s):  
D. R. METCALFE ◽  
V. M. BENDELOW
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Norbert is a two-rowed spring barley developed at the Agriculture Canada Research Station. Winnipeg, Manitoba from a cross involving C.I. 5791, Parkland, Betzes. Piroline, Akka, Centennial and Klages. It is resistant to stem rust and net blotch, and tolerant to barley yellow dwarf virus. It has excellent straw strength and a large plump kernel and is adapted to Manitoba and eastern Saskatchewan where it has a yield advantage over barley cultivars currently being grown in that region. Norbert has good malting and brewing properties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document